Kaiser Wilhelm ndi Friedrich - mitundu ya maluwa okongola a Gloxinia: kubereka, kubzala, kusamalira

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Chikondi pakuwonana koyamba ... Ili ndiye tanthauzo lotchedwa gloxinia mchilankhulo cha maluwa. Ndipo izi sizangochitika mwangozi.

Kupatula apo, duwa ili limakopa chidwi cha wamaluwa ndi okonda nthawi yomweyo.

Lero tikufotokozera mawonekedwe a Kaiser gloxinia, komanso kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane maubwino osamalira, njira zoberekera komanso matenda omwe angatengeke nawo.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la geranium. Chitsamba sichitenga malo ambiri - chimakula mpaka 25 sentimita. Amakhala ndi maluwa obwerezabwereza, ndiye kuti, masamba akale akafota, atsopano amasamba. Izi zimapitilira kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira. Mukatsegulidwa, duwa limafika m'mimba mwake masentimita 7-8. Pa chomera chimodzi, imatha kusungunuka mpaka masamba 20 nthawi imodzi. Inflorescence imakhala ndi masamba asanu.

Ma mbale a Leaf, omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osanjikizika komanso m'mbali mwa wavy, amamangiriridwa kuzidutswa zazing'ono. Tsamba lililonse ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndipo limatha kutalika mpaka masentimita makumi awiri. Masamba akuwoneka kuti azunguliridwa ndi maluwa okongola omwe amakhala pama peduncles ochepa. Zonsezi zimapanga zokongoletsa zokongola.

Chomerachi chidapezeka koyamba ndikufotokozedwa mu Latin America yokongola. paulendo wapanyanja ndi botanist wachinyamata wokonda masewera a Gloxin kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18. Kuberekanso kwina kwa duwa uku kumachitika m'mitengo yosungira zobiriwira.

Malangizo! Gloxinia adalandira dzina lachiwiri - Sinningia, lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito pano ndi loyamba pa ndime.

Maonekedwe ndi zina

Amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

gloxinia kaiser wilhelm;
gloxinia kaiser wokazinga.

Mitundu yonseyi ndi chikhalidwe chamkati. Mitundu yawo yodzaza kwambiri ndi yovuta kuyang'ana kutali. Mtundu woyamba umadziwika ndi "usiku" wakuya kwambiri - utoto wakuda. Ndipo yachiwiriyo imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kukoma kwake - maluwa ake amajambulidwa ndi kapezi. Masamba a zomera zonsezi amadulidwa m'mphepete mwake ndi malire osakhwima oyera, ndipo mbale zamasamba zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndi kusefukira kwa emarodi.

Zonsezi sizimakulolani kuti muyang'ane kutali ndi Gloxinia yokongola. Zimadziwika kwambiri ndi mbewu zina zamkati zomwe zimakhala m'munda mwanu. Chodziwika bwino cha mitundu iyi chitha kuonedwa kuti chikugwera mu "hibernation" (duwa limakhala nthawi yayitali).

Chithunzi

Pansipa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha Gloxinia Kaiser Wilhelm zosiyanasiyana:

Ndipo chithunzichi chikuwonetsa Gloxinia Kaiser wa mitundu ya Friedrich:

Malingaliro a kubzala

Kusankha dothi

Yoyenerera nthaka ya Gloxinia, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kubzala ma violets. Koma mutha kukonzekera gawo lanu mwa kusakaniza:

nthaka yamasamba (gawo limodzi);
nthaka ya sod (gawo limodzi);
peat (theka la gawo).

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pankhani ya Sinningia, dothi limatha kusintha pang'ono.

Chinthu chachikulu ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa acidity yapadziko lapansi - sikuyenera kupitirira mtengo wa 5.5 - 6.5 pH, ndiye kuti, iyenera kukhala acidic pang'ono.

Chofunikira china pakusakaniza kwa dothi ndikuti iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yosavuta kudutsa mpweya. Musanagwiritse ntchito, dothi limalimbikitsidwa kuti lizichiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Mwachilengedwe, musaiwale zazitsulo zosanjikiza. Kukhalapo kwake nthawi zonse kumakhala kofunikira. Posankha chidebe chodzala, sankhani zotengera zokulirapo komanso zosaya. Zitha kukhala pulasitiki kapena dongo. Kwa duwa laling'ono, phukusi lamaluwa lokhala ndi masentimita 7-8 ndiloyenera, chifukwa cha Gloxinia wamkulu muyenera kutenga mbale zazikulu - masentimita 10-15 m'mimba mwake.

Kukhazikitsa kuti ndi njira iti yoyatsa yomwe mungasankhe?

Sinningia ndi chomera chokonda kuwala. Koma ndibwino kuti musayiyike kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwere. Izi ndizowona makamaka nyengo yamaluwa. M'nyengo yozizira ndi masika, inde, mutha kuyika mphika wamaluwa kumbali yakumwera kwa nyumbayi - panthawiyi dzuwa silinatenthe kwambiri. Koma pakufika chilimwe, cheza chobisa kukongola m'malo okhala ndi chipindacho. Kum'mawa, nthawi zina - kumadzulo, mawindo azenera amayenera.

Olima maluwa odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti ayambireni kuyambira nyengo, koma kuyambira nthawi yomwe duwa limakhala. Mwachitsanzo, pakukula kwa gawo lobiriwira la Gloxinia ndikutola masamba, iyenera kuyima pamalo owala bwino. Kukula kwa inflorescence, mphika wamaluwa umachotsedwa kupita kumalo amdima.

Chikhalidwechi chimafuna kutalika kwa tsiku kwa maola 12 mpaka 14. Kuti muwonetsetse izi, gwiritsani ntchito kuyatsa kopangira ndi nyali zamphamvu. Apo ayi, zimayambira zidzakwera mmwamba, ndipo maluwa adzakhala osowa kwambiri, kapena mwina ayi.

Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kumakhudzanso kukhathamira kwa masamba pamayendedwe molunjika: kuwala kambiri - mtundu wowala wa masamba, pang'ono - utoto umakhala wotumbululuka.

Chisamaliro

Kutentha kwazinthu

Kutentha kokwanira kwakukula kwa Sinningia ndi madigiri 24-25. Chizindikiro ichi chiyenera kusungidwa nthawi yomwe chomeracho chimachoka m'malo osakhalapo. Pakukula kwa magawo obiriwira, kutentha kumayenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 22 pamwamba pa zero. Ngati izi sizingatheke, onjezerani kuwala. Apo ayi, chomeracho chimayamba kutambasula kwambiri. potero amataya zokongoletsa zake.

Pambuyo pofalikira masamba, kutentha kuyenera kukwezedwa mpaka madigiri 25. Onetsetsani mosamala kuti ngakhale usiku sigwera pansi pa 18 degrees. Kuchulukitsa kwakanthawi kochepa kumaloledwa mpaka kulembetsa 28. Ngati chizindikirochi chachedwa nthawi yayitali, maluwawo adzaphuka, koma adzagwa patatha masiku atatu.

Chinyezi chamlengalenga

Sinningia imakonda kutenthetsa pang'ono pang'ono mpweya. Kuti musunge vutoli, nthawi ndi nthawi gwiritsani ntchito mphasa wokhala ndi dongo lonyowa, moss, kapena ndi madzi.

Mutha kupopera gloxinia. Muyenera kuchita izi, mwachitsanzo, kubafa. Kumeneko mudzapukuta ndi kutsitsimutsa masamba a chomeracho, ndikutseka chitseko ndikuzimitsa magetsi mchipindacho mpaka madontho amadzi m'mapaleti a masamba awuma. Mukapopera maluwawo pang'ono, mabala a bulauni adzawonekera pamasamba, ayamba kutayika, ndipo m'mbali mwake mudzayamba kugwada.

Kuthirira

Thirirani chomeracho pakufunika: pambuyo poti masentimita awiri apamwamba nthaka yauma. Ndi bwino kuchita izi kudzera pakama kapena, ngati njira yomaliza, m'mphepete mwa mphika wamaluwa, koma palibe chifukwa chotsanulira madzi pakatikati pa mizu, chifukwa ndi pomwe imayamba kuwonongeka kwa mizu yonse. Pakadutsa theka la ola theka la dothi lanyowa, chotsani madzi owonjezera poto.

Madzi ayenera kukonzekera: kuyeretsedwa, kusefedwa, kapena kukhazikika pasanathe maola 24. Kutentha kwake kumangofunika kukhala madigiri angapo kuposa kutentha kozungulira. Ndiye kuti, ngati chipinda chili ndi madigiri 18 okha, musayese kutenthetsa maluwa ndi madzi ofunda. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa ntchito yothirira nyengo yamvula: panthawiyi dziko lapansi limauma pang'ono.

Zovala zapamwamba

Mwezi woyamba kapena iwiri mutabzala chomeracho, simuyenera kuthira manyowa. Manyowa Kaiser milungu iwiri iliyonse. Mutha kuchita izi kamodzi zaka khumi, koma kenako muyenera kuchepetsa maofesi okhala ndi ndende zochepa. Ndi bwino kutsanulira mavalidwe m'mbali mwa mphika komanso makamaka madzulo kapena nyengo yamvula. Manyowa oyamba ayenera kukhala amchere, kenako muyenera kusinthana ndi organic.

Chenjezo! Potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndiabwino maluwa, ndi nayitrogeni gawo lobiriwira la chomeracho. Chifukwa chake, kwa miyezi yoyamba timadalira ma nitrogeni, onse omwe amatsatira pa omwe ali ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ambiri.

Ponena za feteleza wosagwiritsidwa ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zitosi za mbalame zosungunuka (kutsanulira supuni imodzi ndi malita awiri amadzi) kapena mugule zovuta zopangidwa kale.

Nthawi yamaluwa

Ngati mutsatira malamulo onse osunga Gloxinia, ndiye Masamba 3-4 atakula, maluwa amayamba kupanga... Chiwerengero ndi kukula kwawo kumadalira momwe zinthu zilili. Masambawo atachita maluwa, gawo la nthaka limatha kudulidwa, ndikusiya masentimita angapo kuwombera. M'mitundu ina ya synningia, izi zimabweretsa maluwa. Koma, mwatsoka, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi Kaiser. Kutalika komwe mitundu iyi imafikira ndikukula kwa masamba.

Gawo la mpumulo

Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, gloxinia imawuma ndipo masamba amagwa. Chifukwa chake chomeracho chimadziwitsa za kuyamba kwa nyengo yachisanu, yomwe imatha pafupifupi kotala la chaka. Gawo lanthaka likafa kwathunthu, limachotsedwa, ndipo mphika wokhala ndi tuber umasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda komwe kutentha kumakhala kotsika mpaka madigiri eyiti Celsius. Chizindikiro ichi chitha kutsikira mpaka madigiri 5.

Chachiwiri Njira yosungira tuber nthawi ya "hibernation" ndiyo kuyiyika mumchenga wonyowa... Ndikofunikira kokha kuthira nthaka kangapo munthawi yonseyi, kupatula mpweya wouma kwambiri, momwemo kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumawonjezeka mpaka angapo.

Njira zoberekera

Kwa mtundu uwu wa gloxinia, kubereka kwachilengedwe ndi koyenera kwambiri, komanso, ndiosavuta kwambiri.

Kudula masamba

Osasankha masamba achichepere. Perekani zokonda za masamba a mizu. Kuphatikiza apo, phesi limakulanso, makamaka tuber amapangidwa. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi.

Ikani kudula m'madzi ndikudikirira kuti mizu yoyamba iwonekere, kenako mudzabzale pansi, ndikuphimba ndi mtsuko kwa masiku 5-7.
Kumiza scion mwachindunji mu nthaka yonyowa. Kenako ndikuphimbeni ndi kanema kapena mtsuko kachiwiri ndikuleza mtima kwa milungu ingapo. Izi ndizitenga nthawi yayitali kuti muzule cuttings. Sungani kutentha mkati mwa 22-23 degrees Celsius.

Mutha kutsina osati tsamba lokha, koma tsinde lonse, ndikuchita nalo chimodzimodzi ndi kudula masamba.

Mapepala mbale

Sankhani tsamba labwino, lalikulu. Dulani m'mphepete mwa mitsempha yotsekemera kwambiri m'magawo awiri ndi awiri ndikulumikiza ndi dothi, ndikukanikiza mopepuka nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo dikirani mpaka mphukira zazing'ono zizioneka pagawo lililonse.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

Tubers imavunda chifukwa chothirira kwambiri. Kuti mupulumutse chomeracho, chotsani ziwonongeka, perekani zotsalazo ndi phulusa la nkhuni ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ndipo mtsogolomu, yang'anirani kayendedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthirira.

Matenda achedwa mochedwa nthawi zambiri samachira. Amadziwonetsera yekha poyamba ndi kufota pang'ono kwa masamba, kuletsa kukula kwa mphukira ndi blanching yake. Kuthirira kumangowonjezera mavuto. Kugonjetsedwa kumafalikira mbali zonse za duwa. Pamodzi ndi chomeracho, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthaka yonyansa.

Fusarium gloxinia imatenga kachilomboka chifukwa cha madzi okwanira komanso nthaka yonyowa nthawi zonse. Iwonetseredwa ndikusintha kwa masamba ndikusintha kwamtundu wawo. Ming'alu imayamba kuonekera pamtengo.

Synningia ikhoza kulimbana ndi tizirombo monga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tofiira. Sanjani ndi chomeracho ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo ikani mphikawo m'malo amdima, kupewa zopangira. Katengawo akauma, duwa limatha kubwerera kumalo ake oyamba.

Zachidziwikire, kukula kwa gloxinia sikophweka, koma mawonekedwe ake achichepere ndikuyamikira kuchokera kwa alendo anu maluwa awa ndiwofunika.

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