Mitundu yosamalira mtundu kunyumba

Coleria ndi semi-shrub wapamwamba ku South America. Amasangalala ndi kupambana kopambana pakati pa wamaluwa ndi amaluwa padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa chodzichepetsa komanso kuthekera kopulumukira kunyumba. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso chapamwamba, koleriya adzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa okongola komanso ochuluka pafupifupi chaka chonse. Chinthu chachikulu sikuti mupange zolakwitsa kwa olima oyamba kumene. Komanso, za mawonekedwe akusamalira mitundu kunyumba.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji maluwa?

Coleria ndi chomera chomera chomera cham'mimba cha Gesneriev. Amasiyana pakudzichepetsa ndipo amayamba mizu kunyumba. Coleria amakula mchitsamba chobiriwira bwino chokhala ndi maluwa owala amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso chakanthawi, chomeracho chimatha kuphuka chaka chonse.... Chifukwa chake, koleria imafunikira izi:

Gawo lapansi

Coleria amakonda nthaka yopatsa thanzi komanso yopepuka. Iyenera kukhala yodetsedwa ndi chinyezi komanso yosavuta. Kusakaniza kokonzeka kwa mbewu za Gesneria ndibwino kuti chomeracho chikhale chomera.

Pakalibe izi mutha kupanga gawo loyenera ndi manja anu... Sakanizani mofanana:

1. peat;
2. nkhuni ndi nthaka yamasamba;
3. mchenga wabwino (mtsinje);
4. ndi kuwonjezera makala pamenepo.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Coleria amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, chifukwa chake amayenera kuyikidwa pamalo owala bwino, koma osawunikiranso dzuwa, chifukwa maluwa ndi masamba a chomeracho amakhala ndi chidwi ndi zotsatira za dzuwa. Malo okhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi abwino kwa koleriya (ndikofunikira kuyiyika pazenera lakumadzulo / kum'mawa).

Kutentha boma

Coleria sakonda kutentha kwambiri, komanso kuzizira. Kutentha kwabwino kwa chomeracho:

• m'chilimwe - madigiri 18-24;
• m'nyengo yozizira - madigiri 15-18.

Ngati kotentha mchipinda nthawi yachilimwe, chomeracho chimatha kufa.

M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuwunika mosamala mawonekedwe a kutentha mchipindacho - ngati kutentha kwamlengalenga kutsikira pansi pazomwe zawonetsedwa, kumatha kuzimiririka.

Chinyezi

Kusunga chinyezi chofunikira kwambiri ndikofunikira kwambiri ku koleria, chifukwa ndi chomera chotentha. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi kuyenera kukhala koyenera. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 22-25, chinyezi chiyenera kukhala osachepera 30%. Pachifukwa ichi collier idzakula bwino. Palibe chifukwa chomwe chomeracho chiyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi zida zotenthetsera..

Kuthirira

Thirani madzi pang'ono, kuti dothi lisaume, koma silikhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. Ndi zizindikilo zakunja, ndikosavuta kudziwa kufunikira kowonjezera madzi panthaka: ngati dothi lapamwamba lawuma kale, ndipo gawo lapansi likadali lonyowa mkati, mutha kuthirira chomeracho bwinobwino.

Ponyowetsa nthaka yomwe colfer imakula, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito madzi omwe adakhazikika masiku atatu kapena kuyeretsedwa (popeza pachimake pachimake choyera-chikasu chimakhalapo kuyambira pachimera pamitengo ya chomeracho, chomwe chimavulaza).

Zofunika. Ngakhale coleria ndi chomera chokonda chinyezi, palibe chifukwa chake mbali yake yobiriwira iyenera kupopera (ngakhale nyengo yotentha), chifukwa pakadali pano masamba amasamba amangoyamba kuwola ndipo chomeracho chidzasiya kukongoletsa kwake kapena, kufa kwambiri.

Zovala zapamwamba

Kuti mbeu ikhalebe yolimba, Amadyetsedwa ndi mchere ndi organic maofesi a zomera za banja la Gesneriaceae kapena ma violets... Yoyamba imadzaza utoto ndi nayitrogeni wofunikira kuti pakhale mtundu wobiriwira, womwe umapangitsa kuti maluwa azigwira bwino ntchito. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza pakufika masika mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwawo ndikuchulukitsa kamodzi mu masabata awiri.

Musayesere kupanga feteleza: ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamtundu wina feteleza, sikofunikira kuti musinthe mwadzidzidzi, popeza chomeracho chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusintha koteroko. Coleria mosangalala atenga feteleza womwewo kwa zaka zambiri.

Nthawi yamaluwa

• Nthawi yamaluwa, coleria imafunikira kudya kwapamwamba komanso kokhazikika. Milungu iwiri iliyonse, feteleza omwe ali ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka, yomwe imapangitsa maluwa okongola komanso okongola.
• Kuthirira munthawi imeneyi kuyenera kukhala kosalekeza koma kosalekeza. Chinthu chachikulu sikulola kuti chinyezi chifike pamaluwa.
• Ndikofunikanso kuteteza chomeracho ku dzuwa.

Nyengo yozizira

Mitundu yambiri ya coleria imakonda kupuma kapena kubisala m'nyengo yozizira.

1. Ndibwino kuyika chomeracho m'malo amdima.
2. Munthawi imeneyi, kuthirira kuyenera kusungidwa pang'ono.
3. Chomeracho sichifunikanso kudyetsa.
4. Nthawi zina, gawo lobiriwira la coleria limamwalira nthawi yozizira, osataya chomeracho. Siyani mphikawo mpaka masika, ndipo ndiyembekezerani mphukira zatsopano.

Kudulira

Ngati chomeracho chikuyamba kutsanulira masamba m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuthandizira podula mizu. Ngati chomeracho sichikhetsa masamba, kudulira ndizotheka.

Ngati mukufuna kupangidwa kwa korona wa koleria kumatha kuchitika malinga ndi zofuna zanu... Izi ziyenera kuchitika isanayambike nyengo yokula.

• Ngati mukufuna chomera chomera, muyenera kungochidula pamwamba.
• Kuti mupeze chomera champhamvu, ndikofunikira kusiya mphukira zokha ndipo popita nthawi zidzagona pansi pakufunika.

Tumizani

Chomeracho chimasindikizidwa mchaka.... Mphamvu yokhazikitsira iyenera kukhala yotakata mokwanira, popeza mizu ya mbewuyo imakula mozama kuposa kuzama. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mphika wakuya posanjikiza, mizu ya koleriya ilandila mpweya wocheperako, ndipo nthaka imakhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zake, mizu imayamba kuvunda.

Kutchulidwa. Coleria ndi chomera chomwe chimakhala chofatsa poyerekeza ndi kusintha kwa moyo, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha malo obzala bwino. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusintha kulikonse m'chilengedwe, koleriya imakhudzidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungasunthire pazenera lina kapena kungotembenuza, limatha kugwedezeka kwenikweni.

Chithunzi

Onani chithunzi cha koleria, chomwe, mosamala bwino, chimapereka maluwa okongola kunyumba.

Ikuchulukana m'njira ziti?

Coleria nthawi zambiri amaberekanso m'njira zingapo.

Zodula

Kuyika pansi:

1. Pofalitsa ndi cuttings, mphukira pafupifupi 8 masentimita amatengedwa.
2. Ndikofunika kuti muzule mu chisakanizo cha humus ndi mchenga. Payenera kukhala kutentha kwapamwamba pansi pamphika.
3. Kuchokera pamwamba, chidebecho chiyenera kuphimbidwa ndi kanema wowonekera mpaka mphukira zoyamba ziwonekere.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yolima coleria ndi cuttings. Pazika mizu m'madzi muyenera:

1. Ikani kudula m'madzi oyera.
2. Mizu yoyamba ikayamba (izi zimachitika pambuyo pa masiku 6-7), kudula kumayenera kuikidwa mu chidebe china chokhala ndi nthaka yathanzi.

Chizindikiro

Mutha kupanga njira yobereketsa ndi rhizome nthawi iliyonse pachaka, koma njira yachangu kwambiri yobzala mbewu yatsopano ndi mchaka... Za ichi:

1. The rhizome iyenera kudulidwa magawo angapo ofanana ndi masamba.
2. Bzalani chilichonse munthaka mozama pafupifupi 2 cm.
3. Ndiye mokoma kuthira ndi madzi.

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chomera chatsopano chiyenera kuwonekera pamlingo uliwonse.

Mbewu

Kufalitsa mbewu kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yozizira. Nthaka yabwino kwambiri yofesera mbewu ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi nthaka yamasamba..

1. Mbeu siziyenera kumizidwa m'nthaka: ndikwanira kuzikanikiza pang'ono m'nthaka, kuzinyowetsa pang'ono ndi madzi kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi ndikuphimba ndi polyethylene.
2. Mphukira zoyamba zikawonekera, chotsani kanemayo.
3. Ndipo masamba awiri oyamba akawoneka, ndikofunikira kumiza mbewu zazing'ono m'miphika yosiyana.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

• Chomeracho sichimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizirombo, koma nthawi zina kangaude kapena nsabwe za m'masamba zitha kuwoneka (masamba ndi mphukira za mbeuyo zimayamba kuwonongeka).

  Mutha kuzichotsa pochiza mbewu ndi tizirombo ndikusintha nthaka.

• Nthawi zina koleriya amadwala powdery mildew kapena mizu yowola. Pakamera pachimake pamasamba a chomera, ndikofunikira kulira nthawi yomweyo ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi obwera m'nthaka, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chimakhala chinyezi chowonjezera chomwe chimayambitsa kukula kwa matendawa.

  Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchiza chomeracho ndi fungicides ndikuyang'ana mizu yake. Konzani nthaka ngati kuli kofunikira.

  Zofunika. Ngati masamba azipiringa, nthawi zambiri izi zimawonetsa kuti chinyezi sichokwanira, komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi obwera m'nthaka.

• Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto ena nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi chomeracho, chomwe chimawululidwa pakusintha kwakunja:
  1. Kupanda maluwa. Maluwa mwina sangakhalepo koleria pazifukwa zingapo. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chimodzi mwazifukwa zingapo: mafuta osakwanira osakwanira, chinyezi chokwanira, kutentha kwambiri kwamlengalenga, ndi zina zambiri.
  2. Kukufota masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chikapanda kuwala kokwanira, masamba ake amayamba kufota pang'onopang'ono.
  3. Sinthani mtundu wa tsamba. Masamba a coleria akatuluka, izi zikuwonetsa kuti chomeracho sichimalandira zakudya zofunikira, kapena duwa limaima ndi dzuwa, lomwe limatentha gawo lobiriwira la mbewuyo.
  4. Mawanga a bulauni pamasamba. Vuto lofananalo limakhala koleriy, yomwe imalandira chinyezi kuchokera m'madzi ozizira. Ndikokwanira kungotenthetsa pang'ono madzi ndipo vutoli lidzatha msanga.

Makhalidwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana: Linden, fluffy ndi ena

Musanasankhe mtundu wa koleria womwe mungafune kukulira kunyumba, muyenera kudzidziwitsa bwino mwatsatanetsatane zamitundu iliyonse yomwe mumakonda.

Nthawi zambiri, kusiyana kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka ndi nthawi yodyetsa, komanso kufunika kwa kudulira (kapena kusowa kwake). Zovala zapamwamba ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi nyengo yamaluwa... Mwachitsanzo,

• Linden's coleria nthawi zambiri amamasula ndikumayamba kwa nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yonse;
• Bogotka amasangalala ndi maluwa okongola nthawi zambiri kuyambira mkatikati mwa chilimwe mpaka koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira.

Pankhani yodulira, njirayi iyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala kwambiri. Mitundu ina ya coleria siyifunikira, koma, mwachitsanzo, mitundu yoyenda mosalala iyenera kudulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, popeza chomeracho ndi chachitali ndipo, pakalibe maluwa, chimatha kutalika kwa 1.2 m.

Zofunika. Kumbukirani kuti (mosasamala kanthu za zosiyanasiyana) koleria ndi chomera chosakhwima kwambiri: ndi chovuta kwambiri ngakhale kupsinjika kwamakina, chifukwa chake muyenera kuchigwira mosamala kwambiri.

Ndizo zonse zabodza zomwe muyenera kudziwa zakukula chomera chokongola ngati koleria kunyumba. Yang'anirani pang'ono kusintha kwamaluwa ndikuwasamalira moyenera. Poterepa, koleria adzakuyankhani ndi maluwa ataliatali. Zabwino zonse!