Matenda ofala kwambiri a pelargonium ndi momwe mungathane nawo
Pelargonium ndi imodzi mwazomera zokondedwa kwambiri zapakhomo (osati zokhazokha) zolimidwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa chodzichepetsa komanso mawonekedwe ake okongola.
Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, wamaluwa ambiri ali ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana pakukula.
Komanso m'nkhaniyi, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane za matenda / tizirombo zomwe zimakhudza pelargonium ndi momwe tingachitire nazo,
kotero kuti duwa ili lokondweretsa ndi maluwa ake.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a chomeracho
Pelargonium ndi chomera chodziwika bwino kwambiri m'minda yam'munda. Nthawi zina wamaluwa wamaluwa amalakwitsa amatcha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pelargonium geraniums, koma kwenikweni izi sizolondola. Mitundu yonse yamabanja a Geranium imakhala yofanana ndi mlomo wa mbalame. Ma geraniums okha ndi omwe amatchedwa omwe ali osagwira chisanu, ndipo mitundu yokonda kutentha imatchedwa pelargoniums.
Malangizo! Pelargonium nthawi zambiri imayimilidwa ndi theka-shrub kapena shrub yokhala ndi mphukira yolunjika, yolimba. Masamba amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, maluwa amatoleredwa m'maambulera okongoletsa bwino.
Pali mitundu yoposa 300 ya pelargonium ndipo iliyonse imakhala ndi gawo limodzi: kutha kwa nyengo yamaluwa, pa chomeracho mutha kuwona mabokosi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi sepals, otseguka pansi ndi ofanana ndi mlomo wa mbalame.
Mitundu ina ya pelargonium imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology ndi zonunkhirapopeza amapangira mafuta ofunikira. Mwa mitundu yambiri, zonal (yoyenera madimba onse ndi nyumba), ivy (makamaka oyamikiridwa ndi omwe amalima ndi opanga malo chifukwa cha mphukira zake zazitali), zonunkhira (tchire laling'ono lokoma lomwe ndilabwino kulima kunyumba), ndi zina zambiri.
Zomwe geranium imadwala: kuzindikira, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo, komanso zithunzi za matenda
Pelargonium ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe, chisamalidwa bwino, chimakondweretsa maluwa okongola, koma, mwatsoka, nthawi zina wamaluwa samamvetsetsa njira zomwe amafunikira kuti asamalire. Zotsatira zake, kutuluka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuwachotsa sikophweka. Matenda ofala kwambiri a pelargonium ndi awa:
Verticillary kufota
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kupezeka kwa matendawa - chikasu cha masamba: choyamba m'munsi, pambuyo - ena onse, kenako kufota kwawo ndi kuda. Ngakhale nthambi zimayamba kufota nthawi zambiri.
Chifukwa chofalikirachi chikuwoneka ngati kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali kwa pelargonium mdera limodzi: vuto ndikuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kukhala mpaka zaka 15.
Chithandizo njira: Kuchotsa mbewu zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi tsambali ndikuchiza zina zonse ndi zokonzekera mwapadera (Rovral, Fundazol, Gamair) mofananamo ndikuchotsa zotsalira zazomera ndikubzala cuttings mu gawo loyenga bwino.
Wowola wofiirira
Chizindikiro cha kupezeka kwa matendawa: mawonekedwe a mabala ofiira, omwe amafalikira mofulumira pamwamba pa chomeracho, nthawi zina pachimake pamatuluka pelargonium (nthaka ikakhala yonyowa kwambiri).
Chifukwa chogawa: kachiwiri, chisamaliro cholakwika. Makamaka, nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, kupopera mbewu pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka.
Chithandizo njira: chithandizo cha chomeracho ndi fungicide yoyenera pakuwonetsera koyamba kwa matendawa.
Kuvunda kwa Rhizoctonic
Chizindikiro cha kupezeka kwa matendawa: mapangidwe amdima amdima okhala ndi nkhawa m'munsi mwa tsinde, pomwe kulibe maluwa.
Chifukwa chogawa: chinyezi chowonjezera ndi feteleza m'nthaka, kuwala kokwanira, kutentha kwambiri kwamlengalenga.
Chithandizo njira: kusiya kuthirira ndi kuchiza chomeracho ndi fungicides.
Njira ina
Chizindikiro cha kupezeka kwa matendawa: mawonekedwe a mawanga abulauni okhala ndi khungu loyera pamphepete mwa masamba ndi petioles wa chomeracho, chikasu cha masamba.
Chifukwa chofalikira: mpweya wokwanira ndi kuyatsa mchipinda momwe mbewu imakhalira, komanso kuthirira mopitilira muyeso.
Chithandizo njira: Mankhwala a fungicide (Skor).
Dzimbiri
Chizindikiro cha kupezeka kwa matendawa: maonekedwe a mawanga ang'onoang'ono achikasu kumtunda kwa masamba ndi mapangidwe amtundu umodzi wa pustules wakuda kumbuyo kwa tsamba momveka bwino moyang'anizana ndi mawanga achikasu. Nthawi yomweyo, palibe maluwa (werengani pazifukwa zonse zakusowa kwa maluwa a pelargonium pano).
Chifukwa chogawa: chisamaliro chosayenera: kutentha kofunda kwambiri komanso kuthirira pafupipafupi.
Chithandizo njira: Chithandizo chakanthawi cha chomeracho ndi fungicide, kuchotsa mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbewuyo, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndikusiya kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Choipitsa cham'mbuyo
Chizindikiro cha kupezeka kwa matendawa: pang'onopang'ono kufota kwa pelargonium, kuyanika masamba ake, mawonekedwe a mawanga pamizu ya chomeracho.
Chifukwa cha kufalikira ndi: chinyezi chochuluka, umuna wambiri, kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, kuyatsa bwino komanso kubzala pafupipafupi.
Chithandizo njira: kuchiza chomeracho ndi fungicides ndikusiya kuthirira mukamachiza matendawa.
Zosintha pazifukwa zina
Tsoka ilo, Nthawi zina ndi pelargonium, zosintha zosasangalatsa zomwe sizimayenderana ndi matenda zimatha kuchitika. Ngati maluwa anu akwanu ali:
- Masamba apansi amatembenukira chikasu m'mphepete - Dyetsani chomeracho mowolowa manja.
- Masamba amakhala ofiira ofiira - onetsetsani kuti chomeracho chimakhala chotentha usiku, onjezerani feteleza wa magnesium panthaka.
- Palibe masamba - chomeracho chimalandira umuna wochuluka kwambiri kapena kuwala kochepa kwambiri (mwina mpweya mchipindamo umatentha kwambiri).
- Pazifukwa zina masambawo akuuma - amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amalowa m'nthaka, amapereka mpweya wowuma m'nyumba.
- Chomeracho chimawoneka ngati chopindika - sinthani kuyatsa mchipinda.
Tizilombo: kufotokozera njira zolimbana ndi zithunzi za mitundu yayikulu
Kuphatikiza pa matenda osiyanasiyana, tizirombo tambirimbiri titha kusokonezanso thanzi la pelargonium. Kenako, mupeza kuti tizirombo ndi chiyani komanso momwe amawonekera pachithunzichi:
Aphid
Masamba amakhala opotana, ndikugonjetsedwa kwamphamvu, tizirombo toyambitsa matenda timawonekera bwino.
Control njira: kuchotsa tizilombo pamanja pamodzi ndi mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi chomeracho ndikuchiza chomeracho ndi madzi a sopo.
Mbozi
Masamba amawoneka ngati aphulika, m'malo ena chimbudzi chakuda cha mbozi chikuwonekera.
Control njira: Kutolera kwa mbozi ndi manja, chithandizo cha zomera ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Whitefly
Tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko oyera pafupifupi 3 mm kutalika timawonekera kumbuyo kwa masamba, omwe, akawonongeka kwambiri, amayamba kusanduka achikasu.
Control njira: Kukhazikitsidwa kwa misampha yapadera pamalopo, chithandizo cha zomera ndi kukonzekera kutengera sopo wa potaziyamu.
Nthata
Mitundu yachikasu imawonekera pamasamba, popita nthawi, gawo lobiriwira la chomeracho limauma.
Control njira: pachizindikiro choyamba cha kupezeka kwa nkhupakupa, tengani chomeracho ndi mafuta amchere kapena madzi sopo.
Nkhupakupa nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito nyengo yotentha komanso youma, chifukwa chake nthawi yotentha yotentha muyenera kusamala masamba a pelargonium.
Thrips
Maonekedwe a cork akutuluka kumbuyo kwamasamba, kusintha kwa masamba achichepere, kuwona maluwa.
Control njira: Kukhazikitsidwa kwa misampha yabuluu pamalopo, kuthandizidwa mobwerezabwereza kwa mbewu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Momwe mungachitire ndi milandu yayikulu?
Ponena za matenda opita patsogolo, timatanthauza omwe geranium ili kale pakamwalira pang'ono pang'ono. Ngati matendawa ndi fungal, ndiye ngakhale pamavuto akulu, kukonzekera kwapadera ndikuwononga magawo onse owonongeka a chomeracho kuyenera kuthandizira.
Ngati ili ndi kachilombo, kuyika gawo labwino la duwa kudzakuthandizani kuthana ndi vutoli, koma ngati matendawa ndi achilengedwe, ndizosatheka kutsitsimutsa chomeracho: chinthu chokhacho chanzeru chomwe chingachitike ndikuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa kapena mbewu yonseyo.
Kupewa ndi kusamalira kunyumba
Ngati mutsatira njira zaulimi ndipo simukuchita chidwi ndi ntchito yosamalira mbewuyo, kuipanikiza kapena kuiphatikiza ndi mavalidwe osiyanasiyana, geranium sidzadwala. Ndikofunikanso kuwona kutentha ndi kuwunika. Pachifukwa ichi, mwayi wopezeka ndi maluwa ndi bowa / matenda sikungakhale kochepa.
Kutchulidwa. Ndibwino kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzikhala ndi ukhondo, kutsuka masamba ndi fumbi ndi zopukutira wamba zouma ndi madzi. Masamba ayenera kusamalidwa mosamala kwambiri.
Monga chithandizo cha matenda aliwonse, malamulo ochepa osavuta ayenera kutsatira:
- Bzalani chomeracho munthaka yotetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kumasula nthaka yokwanira.
- Mulimonse momwemo sayenera kusunga malo amodzi kapena nthaka yomweyo kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Onetsetsani mosamala mtundu wa feteleza omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwawo.
- Musanyalanyaze nthaka, kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa pang'ono.
- Onetsetsani kutentha ndi kuwala, kupatsa duwa mulingo wokwanira wa kuwala ndi mpweya wabwino.
- Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, m'pofunika kuchita chithandizo chake ndikukonzekera mwapadera.
Ndizo zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza matenda a Pelargonium ndi momwe mungachitire nawo bwino. Zabwino zonse!
Timawonera kanema wonena za kupewa matenda mu pelargonium: