Malamulo osavuta osamalira hoya kunyumba: zotsatira zabwino osachita khama

Hoya ndi mpesa wobiriwira nthawi zonse wokhoza kumamatira ku makungwa a mitengo. Mwanjira imeneyi, chomera m'chilengedwe chimafuna kuthandizidwa. Pamwamba pa masamba a hoya amaphimbidwa ndi sera. Pazikhalidwe izi, chomeracho chimatchedwa sera ivy. Hoya amapezeka m'nyumba zambiri. Ndi wodzichepetsa komanso wabwino komanso mosamala, imamasula kwambiri. Kukula sera ya ivy ndi njira yosavuta komanso yosangalatsa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe amasamalira chomera chokongola ichi.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Kuti hoya ikule bwino mnyumbamo, ndikofunikira kuti mbewuyo izikhala pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe.

Kuyatsa

Sera ivy imafuna kuwala kosiyanasiyana. Malo abwino kwambiri obzala mbewu ndi zenera lakumadzulo kapena kumwera chakum'mawa. Kuyika kumpoto kudzateteza kuti hoya isafalikire. Sera ivy sichilekerera dzuwakotero ndibwino kuti musakulire pazenera lakumwera. Ngati mulibe chochita, muyenera kutseka maluwa. Hoya nthawi zambiri amazindikira mthunzi wawung'ono, mutha kuyika sera pakhoma m'chipinda chakumwera. Kuwala kowonjezera kumawonetsedwa ndikutulutsa masamba.

Maola masana panthawi yamaluwa ayenera kukhala osachepera maola 12 patsiku, m'nyengo yozizira - maola 10. Pamasiku amitambo, ndibwino kuti muphatikize phytolamp kapena nyali yamagetsi ya mbewu.

Kuthirira

Kuyambira Marichi mpaka Okutobala, dothi liyenera kusungunuka moyenera kwambiri, pafupipafupi kamodzi pamlungu. M'nyengo yotentha, hoya iyenera kuthiriridwa pokhapokha dothi lapamwamba litauma sentimita imodzi kapena awiri kuchokera pamwamba. Madzi ambiri amafunika panthawi yamaluwa... Mpira wapadziko lapansi uyenera kukhala wonyowa nthawi zonse.

Kuyambira Novembala, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kawiri pamwezi ndipo nthaka iyenera kunyowa masiku awiri kapena atatu chitanjere chapamwamba. Sera ya ivy ndi chomera chosagwira chilala, komabe, m'nyengo yozizira sichingasiyidwe popanda kuthirira. Izi zitha kubweretsa kufa kwa mizu.

Madzi osungidwa poto ayenera kuthiridwa kuti mizu isavunde.

Pothirira, gwiritsani madzi otentha kutentha... Madzi apampopi ayenera kuloledwa kuyimirira kwa maola 24. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, mutha kupopera mbewu, kupewa chinyezi pamaluwa.

Ndikofunika kukonzekera kusamba kwa hoya, komwe kumatsuka fumbi ndi dothi. Pachifukwa ichi muyenera:

1. Ikani mphika wamaluwa m'bafa pamalo abwino.
2. Pukutani masamba pang'ono ndi nsalu yofewa yothiridwa mu njira yofewa ya sopo.
3. Kenako muzimutsuka mopepuka.

Kawiri pachaka, nthawi isanakwane komanso itatha, hoya imafunika kusamba... Pachifukwa ichi muyenera:

1. Dzazani beseni lalikulu ndi madzi otentha kutentha kwa + 35 ° C.
2. Chepetsani mphika ndi chomera pamenepo.
3. Chotsani zotupa m'madzi pakadutsa mphindi 10, siyani dothi ladothi kwa theka lina la ola.

Kusamba kotereku kumakhala koyenera kukula ndipo kumatha kupititsa patsogolo maluwa. Njirayi, yomwe imachitika kugwa, imathandiza a hoya kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.

Kutentha

Kutentha kwabwino kwa hoya nthawi yotentha kuyenera kukhala pakati pa +22 mpaka + 25 ° C. Masiku otentha amakhala osavuta kuti duwa lipirire ngati chinyezi mchipinda chimawonjezeka. Ndikofunika kutsegula chipinda chokhala ndi chomeracho, koma pewani zojambula..

M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumayenera kukhala pakati +16 ndi + 18 ° C. Izi ndizofunikira pa maluwa apachaka a chilimwe. Ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, chomeracho sichidzaphuka. Chifukwa chiyani Hoya samasamba komanso momwe chomera maluwa chikuwonekera mupeza apa. Kuwerenga pansipa + 10 ° C kumavulaza sera ivy.

Ndibwino kuyika mphika wa hoya kutali ndi zida zotenthetsera.

Kapangidwe ka dothi

Sera ivy amakonda gawo lotayirira, lovomerezeka ndi mpweya, losalowerera ndale kapena la acidic pang'ono. Perlite, makungwa a paini, makala, vermiculite, gawo la kokonati liyenera kuwonjezeredwa panthaka yogulidwa. Kuchokera mu zosakaniza zopangidwa kale, hoye ndi yoyenera nthaka ya orchid.

Nthaka imatha kupangidwa payokha posankha imodzi mwazomwe mungasankhe.

Njira 1:

• sphagnum moss kapena peat - gawo limodzi;
• perlite kapena vermiculite - gawo limodzi;
• dothi lokulitsa kapena polystyrene - gawo limodzi.

Njira 2:

• gawo lapansi - magawo atatu mwa asanu;
• vermiculite kapena perlite - gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu;
• dongo lokulitsa - gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu.

Posankha nthaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiganizire nthaka yomwe hoya imakula m'chilengedwe. Ndikofunika kuti musaiwale za ngalande.

Pang'ono poti mphika wa sera, nthaka iyenera kukhala yoyera kwambiri.

Mphika

M'maluwa otakasuka kwambiri, mphukira za hoya zimakula msanga... Komabe, chomeracho chimayamba kuphuka pokhapokha mizu ikayamba kuchuluka kwa mphikawo. Ngati maluwa ochulukirapo ali patsogolo, chisankhocho chiyenera kuyimitsidwa pachidebe chaching'ono chokhala ndi masentimita 6-10. Masika aliwonse, muyenera kuyika hoya wachinyamata mumphika masentimita awiri kapena atatu akulu kuposa kale.

Chomera chachikulire chimafuna chidebe chokhala ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 20 m'mimba mwake. Pakamera mphukira zazitali, kuziika mumiphika yayikulu kumachitika.

Ndikofunika kusankha maluwa a ceramic. Izi zimathandiza kuti mpweya ufike kumizu ya chomeracho.

Poto wamkulu wa sera wa ivy ayenera kukhala wolemera kuti maluwa asatembenukire. Mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu ya hoya imafuna kuthandizidwa... Zitha kukhala:

• zipilala;
• latisi;
• kuyendetsa;
• mabwalo kapena mabwalo.

Mphukira zazitali zosinthika ziyenera kumangirizidwa kwa iwo. Simuyenera kusuntha mphika ndi hoya m'malo ndi malo, chomeracho sichidzaphuka.

Feteleza

Hoya amafunika kudyetsedwa kuyambira Marichi mpaka Seputembala... Manyowa ovuta amadzimadzi ndioyenera ma orchid ndi maluwa okoma. Kuvala pamwamba kumafunika nthawi zonse, kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Gawo la feteleza liyenera kukhala theka la kukula komwe kukuwonetsedwa phukusili. Kupatula apo ndi lanceolate hoya, yomwe imatenga mlingo woyenera bwino.

M'nyengo yozizira, kudyetsa sikofunikira. Pokhapokha ngati nthaka yogwiritsira ntchito michere imagwiritsidwa ntchito, feteleza sangagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu mutabzala kapena kubzala mbewu.

Masamba ang'onoang'ono atsopano amakhala ngati chizindikiro chazinthu zochulukirapo m'nthaka. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nayitrogeni, masambawo amatumbululuka.

Kudulira

Kudulira koyamba kumafunikira pamene tsamba lachinayi limawonekera pa chomeracho. Pambuyo pa hoya maluwa, mphukira zazitali ziyenera kudulidwa ndi pruner, zazifupi ziyenera kusiya. Tsinde liyenera kudulidwa pakati pa mitunduyi.... Kudulira kumalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphukira zatsopano. Simungathe kudula ma peduncles pambuyo poti inflorescence yauma - masamba atsopano adzawonekera patapita kanthawi.

Ndi liti komanso momwe mungasinthire maluwa amkati?

Zomera zazing'ono zimayenera kubzalanso chaka chilichonse mchaka, akulu - kamodzi zaka zitatu zilizonse. Pakubzala chilichonse pamafunika mphika watsopano, womwe ndi waukulu mpaka masentimita awiri kapena atatu kuposa wakalewo. Chidebechi chiyenera kuthiridwa mankhwala. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala nkhumba mwa kuzisamutsa pamodzi ndi chibokosi chadothi mumphika watsopano wamaluwa. Ngati kuli kofunikira kusinthanitsa nthaka, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa panthawiyi:

1. Ikani ngalande pansi pa mphika watsopano wokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, womwe uyenera kutenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chidebecho. Mutha kutenga zidutswa zosweka kapena dongo lokulitsa.
2. Onjezerani gawo laling'ono la kusakaniza.
3. Ngati hoya imapezeka mumphika wapulasitiki, muyenera kuyisindikiza pang'ono ndikuchotsa chomeracho ndi chovala cha dothi.
4. Chotsani dothi mosamala, yang'anani.
5. Ngati mizu ili yathanzi, nthawi yomweyo ikani mbeuyo m'chigawo chatsopano. Ngati pali malo owuma ndi owola pamizu, ayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo mabalawo azichiritsidwa ndi malasha osweka.
6. Ikani hoya mumphika watsopano ndi dothi ndikuphimba malo otsalawo ndi nthaka yatsopano.
7. Pewani dothi lapamwamba kuti musunge chinyezi.
8. Thirirani bwino chomeracho.

Sera zosungidwa m'masitolo sizingasinthidwe. Tiyenera kudikira kuti maluwa omalizira afota. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndi bwino kuimitsa njirayi mpaka masika.

Kodi ndingakule panja?

Kuthekera kokulirapo sera kunja kumadalira nyengo ya dera ndi mtundu wa maluwa omwe. Ngati m'nyengo yozizira kutentha sikutsika pansi pa 10 ° C, mutha kusunga hoya m'munda.

Chithunzi cha sera ya sera

Onani chithunzi cha momwe chomera ichi chikuwonekera:

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Hoya amatenga matenda otsatirawa:

• Powdery mildew.

  Ikuwoneka ngati mawanga oyera pa masamba. Pakakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu, chikwangwani chimafalikira kumitengo ndi masamba. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha kochepa mchipinda. Powdery mildew imachotsedwa bwino ndi fungicides. Kuphatikiza apo, mpweya wabwino umayenera kuperekedwa.

• Matenda a kachilombo.

  Mawanga ndi thickenings kuonekera pa masamba. Ndikofunika kudzipatula mwachangu. Pakalibe zosintha, hoya iyenera kuwonongedwa.

• Matenda a bakiteriya.

  Thunthu ndi mphukira zimakhala zofewa, zimatulutsa madzi okwanira, omwe amamveka osasangalatsa. Masamba akuda ndi mawanga ofiira amapanga pa iwo. Ndikofunika kupopera mbewu ndi zokonzekera zomwe zili ndi mkuwa. Chotsani madera omwe akhudzidwa.

Hoya amatha kudwala tizirombo: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nyongolotsi, nthata za kangaude. Tizilombo tonse ndiosavuta kuwongolera ndi tizirombo.

Mudzapeza m'nkhani ina chifukwa chake duwa silikula, masamba ake amasanduka achikasu ndikugwa, komanso matenda ndi tizilombo toopsa zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kwa Hoya.

Malangizo amomwe mungafalitsire chomera

Mbewu

Kufalitsa mbewu si njira yodziwika bwino yolimira hoya... Izi ndichifukwa cha zovuta zotsatirazi:

• Mbeu za Hoya ndizochepa zomwe zimagulitsidwa. Kunyumba, samapsa kwenikweni. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuswana m'mabuku akuluakulu obiriwira.
• Njirayi ndi yolemetsa kwambiri.

Ubwino wa njirayi ndi kuchita bwino - pafupifupi 80% ya mbewu zimakhala chomera chokwanira.

Mbeu za duwa limeneli zimabzalidwa mchaka chomwe zidakololedwa, apo ayi zimataya kumera. Zipatso za mbewu ziyenera kupsa ndi kuuma. Njira zokwerera:

1. Konzani gawo lotayirira - chisakanizo cha sphagnum ndi nthaka yapadziko lonse.
2. Bzalani mbewu.
3. Pambuyo pa sabata limodzi, nyembazo zimamera ndipo zimayambira patali. Pambuyo pa mphindi ino, pamafunika kutsatira njira yothirira. Nthaka isakhale yonyowa kwambiri, koma sayeneranso kuloledwa kuti iume.
4. Ikani beseni ndi mbande pamalo ofunda, opepuka.
5. Pofuna kupewa matenda a mafangasi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitsamba tomwe timakhala ndi mkuwa mogwirizana ndi malangizo.
6. Pakadutsa miyezi itatu, masamba awiriawiri akamamera pazomera zazing'ono, zimaphukira m'miphika yosiyana. Mbande zomwe zili muchidebe chambewu zimatha kusiyanasiyana kukula ndi kapangidwe kake. Olimba okha ndiwo ayenera kubzalidwa, ang'onoang'ono amafunikirabe kukula.

Kunyumba, mutha kuyesa kumera nyembazo m'mipira ya sphagnum wokutidwa ndi ukonde wa nayiloni. Tikulimbikitsanso kuti zimere m'malo opitilira muyeso limodzi ndi mpira, zomwe zingateteze mizu yosakhwima kuti isawonongeke.

Mapepala

Mutha kuyesa kulima hoya kuchokera pa tsamba limodzi... Komabe, njirayi ili ndi zovuta zingapo:

• Njirayi ndioyenera mitundu ina ndi mitundu ya hoya, mwachitsanzo, pamitundu ya Kerry.
• Njira yopangira mphukira yatsopano imatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
• Zotsatira zake sizimadziwika. Palibe chitsimikizo kuti chomera chatsopano chidzapezeka.

Ndizofunikira:

1. Konzani gawo lowala.
2. Tengani tsamba lokhala ndi petiole ndikulibzala pangodya ya madigiri 45 m'nthaka.
3. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala pokonzekera mizu. Pogwiritsa ntchito pipette, gwerani pakati pa pepalalo kuti madziwo atsike.

Mizu ya tsamba imatha kuwoneka mwachangu, koma kukula kwina sikungachitike kwanthawi yayitali.

Zodula

Iyi ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri. Kubereketsa kwa cuttings kumachitika mchaka kapena nthawi yophukira.... Ubwino waukulu wa njirayi ndi kuthekera kopeza chomera chathunthu, chopatsa thanzi munthawi yochepa. Kuti cuttings muzuke mofulumira, Ndi bwino kutsatira malamulo osavuta:

1. Sankhani mphukira chaka chatha.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito chida chosongoka.
3. Dulani zidule zazifupi ndi masamba ochepa. Pamadulira omwe ndi otalika kwambiri, nsaluyo imatha kuuma chifukwa chosowa chinyezi.
4. Sankhani ma cuttings omwe ali ndi mfundo ziwiri. Pa nthawi yomweyi, bwererani pang'ono pang'ono ndikudula.

Kuyika zichitike m'njira ziwiri:

• m'madzi;
• mu gawo lapansi.

Kuyika mizu m'madzi kumafuna:

1. Thirani madzi ofunda, okhazikika mu beseni.
2. Onjezerani gawo la piritsi lamakala lotseguka kuti muteteze matenda, ndi Kornevin kapena Epin kuti mupangitse mizu.
3. Manga chidebecho mu zojambulazo, ndikupanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pazodulira.
4. Chotsani masamba apansi pazidulazo, kusiya masamba apamwamba.
5. Sakanizani magawowo kuti akhale othandizira.
6. Ikani zidutswazo mumphika mopingasa kudzera pa zojambulazo kuti mfundo ili m'madzi.
7. Ikani zokutira pulasitiki pachidebecho ndi zodulira, ndikusiya mwayi wampweya.
8. Ikani mphikawo pamadzi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osapitirira + 22 ° C. Nthawi ndi nthawi tsegulani wowonjezera kutentha ndi cholinga chakuwulutsa.

Patatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mizu imawonekera. Mizu ikangoyamba kumene, muyenera kuyika mbewu mumphika. Mukadikira nthawi yayitali, mizu imakhala yayitali ndikuthyoka mosavuta mukamabzala.

Izi ndizovuta. Njirayi imatha kukhala yosavuta. Ingoikani cuttings mchidebe chamdima, ikani pamalo otentha ndikupopera pafupipafupi. Onjezerani madzi pamene amasanduka nthunzi. Hoya yokhala ndi tsinde lokhazikika imakhazikika nthawi yomweyo pansi.

Kuti muzule kudula mu gawo lapansi, muyenera:

1. Konzani chisakanizo chatsopano cha peat ndi mchenga, chomwe chimalola chinyezi kudutsa bwino.
2. Pangani kudula kwa cuttings ndikukula kolimbikitsa - Epin kapena Kornevin.
3. Samatenthetsa gawo lapansi ndi mphika.
4. Bzalani kudula pansi kuti gawo lakumunsi likhale m'nthaka.
5. Valani polyethylene, ndikusiya mwayi wamlengalenga.
6. Ikani pamalo otentha, owala. Pitirizani kutentha osachepera +22 ° C. Tsitsani mpweya mbande nthawi zonse.

Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, kukula kudzawoneka - masamba atsopano adzawoneka.

Sera ya ivy, yomwe imakula kuchokera ku cuttings, imamasula kokha mchaka chachinayi cha moyo.

Njira zonse zoberekera Hoya kunyumba zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Kusamalira hoya wanu kunyumba ndikosavuta. Chomeracho ndi chosadzichepetsa komanso chokongoletsera nyumba (werengani ngati ndizotheka kusunga chomeracho kunyumba ndi chisamaliro chotani chomwe chidzafunika pano). Poyankha chisamaliro chomwe chikuwonetsedwa, sera ya sera imasangalatsa mwininyumbayo ndi maluwa okongola.

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