Chosiyana ndi chiyani ndi mitundu ya zokwawa zazing'ono kuchokera kubanja la Cactus? Zochenjera za chisamaliro chanyumba

Posachedwa, cacti ikukula kwambiri pakati pa okonda mbewu. Odzichepetsa, odziwika bwino, masamba omwe amasinthidwa ndi minga.

Pereskia imachokera kuzomera za nkhadze zomwe zimapezeka ku Central ndi South America. M'mbuyomu, cacti inali ndi masamba, ndipo m'malo ouma kwambiri m'zipululu, adayamba kukhala minga. Ndipo gawo lapakati la chomeracho limatha kugwira ntchito zonse za masamba.

Kufotokozera kwa cactus Pereskia aculeata

Pereskia aculeata ndi mtundu wa liana wokula msanga wa mtundu wa Pereskia wabanja la Cactus. Amatchedwanso Pereskia prickly ndi Barbados jamu. Chomera chokwera komanso chokwera, chimatha kutalika kwa 10 m. Ili ndi tsinde lolimba, lokhala ndi nthambi zambiri, mpaka m'mimba mwake mpaka 1.5 cm. Masambawo ndi owulungika, obiriwira mdima, mpaka kutalika kwa 9 cm, komanso pafupifupi masentimita 4. Popita nthawi, masamba amagwa, m'malo mwawo muli mabwalo amdima okhala ndi 1 -3 minga yolimba.

Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Antilles, Panama komanso kumpoto kwa South America. Koma imalimidwa m'maiko ambiri: ku America, Australia, Israel, India, California, Philippines, ndi zilumba za Hawaiian. Zipatso za chomeracho zimadyedwa, ndipo masamba ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masaladi. Komanso, peresky prickly amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa maheji.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mtundu wa Pereskius udafotokozedwa mu 1703 ndi Charles Plumier. Dzinalo linaperekedwa polemekeza wasayansi waku France Nicola-Claude de Peyresque. Karl Linnaeus akuti zomerazi zidachokera ku mtundu wa Cactus, ndipo mu 1754 Philip Miller adaziyika mumtundu wa Pereskia.

Chithunzi

Onani chithunzi cha chomera chodabwitsa ichi:

Kusamalira kunyumba

• Kutentha. Pereskia sharkleata ndi chomera cha thermophilic ndipo chimakula bwino mpaka 23-25 ​​° C. Kutentha kumatha kutsika madigiri angapo usiku. M'chilimwe, zimathandiza kuti chomeracho chikhale panja, koma chimayenera kuteteza ku mvula.

  Zofunika: Ndikofunika kutsegula chipinda chomwe pereski imapezeka.

• Kuthirira. Pakati pa kukula kwakukulu, chomeracho chimafunika kuthirira madzi ambiri. Dothi lapamwambali liyenera kuuma musananyoweretsedwe watsopano uliwonse. Chinyezi chochulukirapo chimatha kubweretsa kuvunda patsinde la nkhadze.
• Kuwala. Chomera chokomacho chimatha kukula paliponse, koma kuti mukwaniritse zokongoletsa kwambiri, ndi bwino kuyika chomeracho pazenera lakumwera. Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikowopsa kuwoloka, koma makamaka munthawi yotentha ndikofunikira kupanga mthunzi wa nkhadze.

  Pofika nyengo yamasika, chomeracho chizolowere kuyatsa pang'onopang'ono.

• Kuyambitsa. Kuti muwoloke prickly, nthaka yolemetsa komanso yathanzi imafunika, koma nthawi yomweyo imayenera kudutsa madzi. Kapangidwe ka dziko lapansi kangaphatikizepo dothi ladothi, mchenga wolimba komanso pang'ono mwa humus.
• Kudulira. Chomeracho chimafuna kudulira mwadongosolo. Nthawi zambiri imachitika mchaka, kamodzi pachaka. Zotsatira zake zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa.
• Zovala zapamwamba. Pakati pa kukula mwachangu (kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembara), okomererayo amayenera kudyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi ndi feteleza wa cacti. Muyenera kutenga theka la mlingo wa zomwe zawonetsedwa phukusi. Manyowa achilengedwe ayenera kupewedwa, chifukwa nayitrogeni wambiri ndi owopsa pamizu yamafuta.
• Mphika. Chomeracho chili ndi mizu yolimba komanso yolimba, motero imafunikira mphika waukulu.
  Onetsetsani kuti muli ngalande zokwanira.
• Tumizani. Pereskia imakula msanga, motero mbewu zazing'ono zimayenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse, nthawi yachilimwe kapena chilimwe, posintha chikomokere chadothi. Mukabzala, chomeracho chiyenera kumangirizidwa kuchilikizo, choyikidwa pamalo otetezedwa ndi lonyowa kuchokera padzuwa osamwetsedwera kwa masiku angapo. Zomera zokhwima zimabzalidwa momwe zingafunikire.
• Nyengo yozizira. Nthawi yogona cactus imatha kuyambira Okutobala mpaka February. Kutentha kwa chipinda chomwe pereski imayenera kukhala kuyambira madigiri 12 mpaka 16. Kuthirira ndikosowa, kudyetsa sikuchitika.

  Chisamaliro: kutentha sikuyenera kutsika pansi pa 10 ° C, izi zitha kuwononga wokoma.

Njira zoberekera

• Zodula. Pofuna kubereka, kudula kosakhazikika komweko kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amabzala masika kapena koyambirira kwa chilimwe.
  1. Zodula zimadulidwa ndi tsamba, paliponse payenera kukhala mfundo zosachepera 1-2.
  2. Pambuyo pake, zidutswazo zimachokera mu chisakanizo chonyowa cha peat ndi perlite ndikuphimbidwa ndi kanema.

  Pakatentha ka 25-28 ° C, mbewuzo zimazika msanga ndikulimba, kenako pakatha masabata 2-3 mbande zimatha kuziika m'miphika yosiyana. Mbande ziyenera kuikidwa mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawononge mizu yosalimba.

• Mbewu. Kufesa mbewu kuyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbeu zimayenera kuikidwa m'manda mozama mpaka 0,5-1 masentimita, zonyowa ndikuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala mozungulira 20-22 ° C. Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera m'masabata 2-3, pogona akhoza kuchotsedwa. Mbande zimabzalidwa m'makontena osiyana pomwe masamba 4 enieni amawonekera.

Pachimake

Pereskia imamasula kumapeto kwa chilimwe - koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira. Pa mphukira zazing'ono, maluwa ofiira ngati chikho, achikasu oyera okhala ndi utoto wa pinki amawonekera m'mimba mwake masentimita 2.5-4.5. Maluwawo ali ndi fungo labwino. Zipatso zazing'ono zodyedwa zimakhalabe zitatha maluwa. Zomera zazikulu zokha zimamasula.

Ngati peresky prickly sichiphuka, mwina sichikhala bwino. Alibe kuyatsa, kudyetsa kapena chinyezi. Kapenanso sanafike msinkhu woyenera.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Chomeracho chitha kuopsezedwa ndi tizirombo monga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, nthata za kangaude ndi mealybugs. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda zikayamba, tsukutsani madziwo ndi shawa lofunda., poonetsetsa kuti nthaka ikutetezedwa m'madzi.

Komanso, nkhadze imatha kudwala ngati singasamalire bwino.

Zomera zofanana

1. Orange pereskia (Pereskia bleo) - kactus wochokera ku mtundu wa Pereskia, amafika kutalika mpaka 5 m, ali ndi maluwa okongola owala a lalanje.
2. Pereskia grandiflora (Pereskia grandiflora) - nkhadze wochokera ku mtundu wa Pereskia, amathanso kufikira kutalika kwa mita 5. Imamasula ndi maluwa apinki.
3. Pereskia Weberiana - nkhadze ya mtundu wa Pereskia, imapanga tchire lofananira. Amamasula kwambiri, ndi maluwa oyera oyera.
4. Epiphyllamu - mtundu wa tsamba la cacti, pafupifupi mitundu 20.
5. Hatiora Ndi mtundu wa masamba a cacti ochokera m'nkhalango zotentha ku Brazil.

Mutha kudziwa zamtundu wina wa pereskiy, womwe ndi za Godseff, apa.

Pereskia prickly ndi katsamba kodabwitsa kamene kamatha kukula mkati ndi kunja. Mukasamalira bwino, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona chomera chokongoletsera chokhala ndi masamba ndi maluwa okongola osangalatsa.

Onerani kanemayo: BloodSuckers SAGA: Peter MUTHARIKA Kucheza ndi Anthu ku Phalombe, Malawi (July 2024).