Kukula kwa radishi m'makaseti azira: zabwino ndi zoyipa, malangizo mwatsatanetsatane ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike

Radishi ndi imodzi mwamasamba odziwika kwambiri omwe amalimidwa pakati pa omwe amakonda zamaluwa. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, sikuti aliyense akufuna kuchita nawo kubzala mbewu chifukwa chantchito yovuta kwambiri. Kuchepetsa ukadaulo walimidwe wamasamba, njira monga kukulira radish m'makaseti imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Aliyense amene akufuna kudzipeputsira yekha ntchito yolimbikitsa chikhalidwechi ayenera kuchidziwa.

Kodi njira imeneyi ndi iti?

Kuti muchepetse zonse zofesa radishes ndikusamalira mbewu, makaseti azira amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndizosiyana ndi makaseti apadera omwe amapezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa. Ma tray dzira amakatoni ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa radish amafesedwa mu selo iliyonse, mbewu imodzi, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopeza mbewu zazikulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, makaseti a katoni sali otsika kuposa apadera, ogulidwa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwakulima kwamakaseti

Ubwino wa njira yokula radishes m'makaseti azira ndi awa:

• palibe chifukwa chochepetsera mabedi;
• kubzala sikuyenera kubzala ndikumasula nthaka;
• palibe chifukwa chochotsera namsongole ku mbewu, chifukwa sizimawoneka.

Ponena za zovuta za njirayi, ndizochepa:

• Ma kaseti amatenga malo ambiri pomwe amalima mbewu kunyumba komanso kutchire.
• Ma tray a makatoni ndi osalimba komanso owonongeka mosavuta. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kutaya gawo limodzi la zokololazo.

Kodi mungasankhe liti njirayi?

Amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi ngati akufuna kuti zisakhale zosavuta pantchito yolima radishes. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makaseti azira kunyumba, wowonjezera kutentha, komanso kutchire, poganizira zina mwamaukadaulo nthawi iliyonse (werengani zambiri zakukula kwamatope pano, ndi nthawi yanji komanso momwe mungabzalire radishi panja , ofotokozedwa apa).

1. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi ngati, mulibe kanyumba kotentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Makaseti a mazira amatha kuikidwa pakhonde kapena pawindo la nyumba.
2. Njirayi ndi yoyenera ngati pakufunika kusunga malo polima mbewu zingapo nthawi imodzi mu wowonjezera kutentha. Makaseti azira amatha kukhazikika mosavuta kumtunda kwa wowonjezera kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zilipo.
3. M'malo otseguka, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ipulumutse nthawi ndi khama posamalira mbewu.

Gawo lirilonse malangizo akukula

Kuti mukule motere motere, muyenera kuchita zina mwazinthu ndikukonzekera zofunikira pantchito.

Kugula mbewu

Chinthu choyamba kuchita ndi kugula mbewu zabwino. Ndikofunika kugula mbewu kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika m'masitolo apadera. Mtengo ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya mbewu za radish umasiyana pakati pa 1100 mpaka 3000 ma ruble aku Russia.

Mtengo umadalira mtundu wa masamba. Kadinala F1 amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamitengo yotsika mtengo kwambiri; muyenera kulipira ma ruble 3000 pa kilogalamu ya mbewu. Pofuna kulima panokha, mutha kugula mbewu m'maphukusi. Thumba limodzi lidzakhala lokwanira kubzala makaseti azira pafupifupi 10. Phukusi limodzi la radish, kutengera mtundu wa mbewu, limagula ma ruble 5 mpaka 300.

Ngati simukufuna kugula mbewu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu kuchokera patsamba lanu pofesa.

Chiwerengero chofunikira

Musanayambe kufesa mbewu m'makaseti a makatoni, muyenera kukonzekera zotsatirazi:

• mpeni;
• magolovesi;
• nthaka (ndi dothi lotani radish?);
• chidebe chokhala ndi madzi othirira.

Kusintha ma trays asanafike

Poganizira kuti mazira amawerengedwa ngati chonyamulira cha Salmonella, chomwe chimasungidwa mosavuta mu katoni pamakaseti, ma trays amafunika kukonzekera bwino asanafese radishes. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

• Konzani potaziyamu permanganate ya mtundu pang'ono wa pinki ndikupukuta bwino ma trays kuchokera kumazira mkati ndi kunja;
• Sanjani mankhwala pansi pa kutentha kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ikani makaseti makatoni mu uvuni kwa mphindi 10-15 kutentha kwa madigiri 70-100.

Kuphatikiza pa njira zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, bowo laling'ono lokhala ndi 0,5-0.7 masentimita liyenera kupangidwa mchipinda chilichonse.

Pothana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, simungagwiritse ntchito yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, komanso njira zina zofananira. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kumwa mowa kapena vodka.

Kukonzekera mbewu

Mbeu zokha zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kumalo awo zimafunikira kukonzekera zisanadzafesedwe. Ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi Thiram, mankhwala omwe amaletsa kupezeka kwa mizu yowola. Ngati mbewuzo zidagulidwa m'sitolo yapadera, ndiye kuti zathandizidwa kale ndi kapangidwe kapadera, zomwe sizimangolepheretsa kuwonekera kwa matenda, komanso zimalimbikitsa kumera koyambirira kwa mbewu.

Mbeu zopangira zokhazokha zimafunikanso kumizidwa mu potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 15-20 musanakonze, kenako zouma. Tikamabzala Mbeu zowuma zokha, zathanzi komanso zazikulu ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zambiri pakukonzekera mbewu za radish zitha kupezeka muzinthu zina.

Kulongosola mwatsatanetsatane kofika

Zomwe magwiridwe antchito pofesa mbewu ndi izi:

1. Makaseti a makatoni amadzaza ndi dothi pafupifupi magawo atatu mwa magawo atatu am'maselo.
2. Kenako pitani pakufesa kwachindunji kwa mbewu, ndikugwera mu selo iliyonse.
3. Gawo lotsatira limaphatikizapo kudzaza maselo ndi nthaka pafupifupi pamwamba, kudzaza mbewu.
4. Chomaliza kuchita ndikuthirira mbewu zofesedwa. Madzi ayenera kutsanulidwa mosamala, mosiyana ndi selo iliyonse.

Kuthira madzi mbeu sikuyenera kuloledwa kuti mbeu zisavunde.

Njira yobzala njere ndi yofanana, ngakhale mutakhala kuti ma kaseti mtsogolo, komabe, pali zina mwazomwe zimachitika:

• Nyumba. Kuti mupange microclimate yabwino kwambiri komanso kumera kwachangu kwa mbewu, mutha kuphimba matayalawo ndi kanema wa chakudya. Pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mphukira zoyamba, kanemayo amachotsedwa. Muyenera kuyika ma trays okhala ndi radishes kunyumba mbali yowala ya nyumbayo, pakhonde kapena pazenera.
• Mu wowonjezera kutentha... Ngati malo okhala matayala mu wowonjezera kutentha amalingaliridwa nthawi yonse yakukula kwa mbeu, ndiye kuti palibe njira zina zofunika. Chokhacho chomwe chikuyenera kuchitika pasadakhale ndikukonzekera malo oikapo makaseti.
• Kunja. Ngati ma radishes amayenera kulimidwa mu kaseti pamalo otseguka, ndiye kuti gawo loyamba ndikukonzekera malowo. Ndikofunika kupereka zokonda m'malo omwe kuli dzuwa m'munda. Musanaike ma kaseti ndi radishes, muyenera kukumba malowa ndikuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito rake. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuzamitsa ma kaseti molunjika masentimita angapo m'nthaka. Ndikofunika kuteteza matayalawo ndi waya kuti asawombedwe ndi mphepo.

Ndi bwino kupanga dimba ndi radishes mzere umodzi, chifukwa zidzakhala zosavuta kuzisamalira.

Mitundu ina yokhudzana ndi kubzala radishes ingapezeke m'mabuku ena.

Kusamalira koyamba kwa mbewu zazing'ono

Mabedi a radish opangidwa ndi makatoni a dzira samafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Chokhacho chofunikira ndikuthirira mbewu nthawi zonse. Nthawi yothirira radish imatha kutsimikizika ndi mkhalidwe wa nthaka. Nthaka sayenera kuloledwa kuuma (bwanji ndi chiyani kuthirira radish?). Zochita zina zonse zomwe zingafunike pofesa radishes munjira yanthawi zonse sizofunikira.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Pogwiritsira ntchito makatoni a mazira a makatoni, mutha kukumana ndi mavuto monga kuwonongeka kwa makaseti. Izi zitha kuchitika makamaka kutchire. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kunagwa mvula yambiri ndipo makasetiwo sanaphimbidwe, ndiye kuti pali kuthekera kuti makatoniwo amangonyowa ndikuphwasuka.

Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwamakatoni pamakatoni kumabweretsa kuchepa pang'ono kwa zokolola. Nthaka yomwe radish imakula imayenera kuthiridwa pamodzi ndi mizu. Zikatero, mutha kusamutsa masambawo mosamala ndikuwakhulupilira kuti azika mizu. Koma ndibwino kuti musawononge ma kaseti, komanso m'malo ovuta a chilengedwe, tsekani mabedi ndi radishes.

Kukolola ndi kusunga

Nthawi yokolola imatha kutsimikizika ndi zipatso zakula. Zidzayamba kuwonekera panthaka. Kukolola ndikosavuta: mumangofunika kukoka pamwamba pa masamba ndikuchotsa muzuwo mchipinda.

Mutha kusunga ndiwo zamasamba kuti muzidya mufiriji kwa miyezi 1-1.5. Kuti musungire nthawi yayitali, ma radish amadulidwa, achisanu kapena saladi amakonzedwa.

Kukula radish m'makaseti ndi njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikukonzekera makatoni asanagwiritse ntchito. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, ndikofunikira kudziwa pasadakhale malo obzala mbewu.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema wonena za zovuta za kubzala ndi kukulitsa radishes m'makaseti azira:

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