Kodi ngongole ya ogula ndi chiyani
Kodi ngongole ya ogula ndi chiyani? Ngongole zaogula ndi ngongole za kubanki za anthu omwe amapatsidwa cholinga chilichonse - kuyambira kugula zinthu zolimba mpaka kulipirira maphunziro ndi zamankhwala, kukonza ndi kumaliza ntchito.
Ngongole zamagalimoto ndi ngongole zanyumba nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa ngongole za ogula. Zingakhale zolondola kutanthauza kuti kubwereketsa kwa makasitomala kubweza kokha kulipira katundu ndi ntchito kapena kupereka ndalama osafotokoza cholinga chake. Banki imapereka ndalamazo kwa wogulitsa zomwe zikufunika kapena kwa wobwereka, ndipo wobwereka amalipira chiwongola dzanja chogwiritsa ntchito ndalama.
Mitundu ya ngongole za ogula
Ngongole zoyembekezeredwa zimaperekedwa kudera la bungwe lazamalonda pamalo ogulitsira ntchito zachuma za banki yothandizirana nayo. Wogula amapereka gawo la ndalama zake, ndipo zotsalazo zimayang'aniridwa ndi banki. Zotsatira zake, kasitomala ali ndi ngongole yogula osati m'sitolo, koma ku ngongole yobwereketsa.
Mapulogalamu obwereketsa osagwiritsidwa ntchito amaphatikizapo kupereka ndalama kubanki ya banki kapena posamutsa waya kuakaunti ya wobwereketsayo. Wobwereka amatha kuwononga mwanzeru zake. Ngongole zotere, kutengera mtundu ndi chindapusa chofunikira, zimagawika m'magulu ophatikizika komanso osatetezedwa, otetezedwa komanso osatetezedwa.
Kutengera kuthamanga kwa momwe akufunsira ndikupereka ndalama, amagawa ngongole zofananira, zomwe zimaperekedwa m'masiku ochepa, ndikuwonetsa ngongole - ngongole zachangu zomwe zimaperekedwa mphindi kapena maola ochepa.
Ndani angatenge ngongole ya ogula?
Nzika za Russian Federation zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira kwa obwereka zitha kudalira ngongole za ogula m'mabanki aku Russia.
Chofunikira pakasankha ndi zaka za kasitomala. Ngongole zimaperekedwa kuyambira zaka 21, koma mabanki ena ali okonzeka kugwira ntchito ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono obwereketsa ndikupereka ndalama kuyambira azaka 18. Ngongole zolipirira maphunziro zitha kupezeka ali ndi zaka 14, ngati abale achikulire omwe ali ndi ndalama zokhazikika komanso ntchito yolembetsedwa adalembetsa ngati obwereketsa anzawo.
Malire ochulukirapo, asanafike pomwe wobwerekayo ayenera kubweza ngongole yonse kubanki, amakhala ndi malire ndi nthawi yopuma pantchito yaukalamba - 55 azimayi ndi 60 amuna.
Si mabanki onse omwe ali mgulu komanso okonzeka kupatsa opuma pantchito mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe adabwereka mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 65-70, mosatengera kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi. Mabanki ena amapereka ngongole mpaka zaka za 75-80 ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera monga moyo wa kasitomala ndi inshuwaransi yazaumoyo.
Zofunikira pakulembetsa komanso malo okhala omwe angakhale wobwereka nawonso amasiyana. Mabanki ena amafika posankha makasitomala ndipo amapereka ngongole pokhapokha atalembetsa kwamuyaya m'mudzimo kuti adzalembetse ngongole. Ena ndi okhulupirika kwambiri ndipo amavomereza kulembetsa ngakhale atalembetsa kwakanthawi mdera lililonse mdzikolo. Nthawi yolembetsa kwakanthawi sayenera kupitirira nthawi yobwereka.
Poyesa wobwereka, solvency ndiyofunikira kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira kuti ndalama zomwe boma limalandila ndizokwanira kubweza ngongole kubanki, poganizira chiwongola dzanja chomwe chachulukirachulukira komanso mabungwe omwe amatenga ngongoleyo.
Kugwira ntchito ndi zochitika zantchito zosachepera miyezi 6-12 zimafunika. Kupanda kutero, banki ikana.
Kodi mungapeze ngongole yobwereketsa pati?
Kuchuluka kwa ngongole kumatengera mulingo wa ndalama, chikole ndi mbiri ya wobwereka. Malo olonjezedwa atalonjezedwa, kuchuluka kwake kumatha kufikira ma ruble mamiliyoni 10, ndikutsimikiza - ma ruble mamiliyoni atatu, popanda chikole sikungatenge ma ruble opitilira 300-900 zikwi. Pali kuchotserapo, Sberbank yomweyi yaku Russia imapereka ma ruble 1.5 miliyoni kwa makasitomala omwe adalipo kwa zaka 5 popanda satifiketi ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Nthawi yokongoletsa mapulogalamu obwereketsa ogula amakhala kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka zaka 7. Ngongole yopanda chitetezo sichidzaperekedwa kwa nthawi yopitilira zaka 1-3, ndi chitsimikizo - kwa zaka 3-5, ndi chikole cha katundu wosunthika ndi osasunthika - mpaka zaka 7.
Mitengo ya ngongole yamakasitomala imasiyanasiyana pakati pa 15-50% pachaka, kutengera momwe banki inayake ilili komanso momwe wobwereketsayo alili.
Zolemba ziti zomwe zifunike
Nthawi zina pasipoti ndikwanira kuti mumange mgwirizano wa ngongole, umu ndi momwe ngongole zachangu zimaperekedwa. Nthawi zambiri, zikalata zowonjezerapo zidzafunika kutsimikizira wopemphayo - chiphaso choyendetsa, pasipoti yakunja, satifiketi ya penshoni, satifiketi yopereka TIN, ndi zina zambiri. Ndi ngongole yotetezedwa, zikalata za guarantor kapena zikalata zosonyeza kuti walonjeza ndizofunikira.