Malangizo othandiza kubzala ndikusamalira ampelous begonia kunyumba
Posachedwa, ampelous begonia yatchuka. Amayenera kumuzindikira chifukwa amawoneka wokongola kwambiri. Simungakonde bwanji chomera chokhala ndi masamba osakhwima, owala komanso osakanikirana omwe ali ndi maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana?
Ubwino wofunikira wa chomerachi ndi chisamaliro chake chodzichepetsa. Ngakhale oyamba kumene amatha kuthana nawo ataphunzira izi.
Kodi chomera ichi ndi chiyani?
M'zaka za zana la 17, paulendo wa sayansi wopita kuzilumba zapafupi ndi South America, akatswiri azomera adapeza chomera chachilendo. Zaka zitatu sizinatchulidwe, koma pambuyo pake adazisankha pakati pazikhalidwe zina zazomera, ndikuzipatsa dzina polemekeza wopanga nawo ulendowu, a Mr. M. Begon. Popita nthawi, mitundu yatsopano yatsopano idatulutsidwa, ikufufuza nkhalango ku South America, India, Asia ndi Africa.
Malangizo! Masiku ano, pali mitundu yoposa chikwi chimodzi ya begonias kuthengo, ndipo pali mitundu ingapo yocheperako kakhumi yomwe imamera m'nyumba.
Bwanji osakongoletsa nyumba yanu ndi mphika wa chomerachi? Gwerani ampelous begonia chifukwa cha kuwala kwa maluwa ndi kudzichepetsa... Ali ndi maluwa awiri kapena awiri okhala ndi masamba osakanikirana, chifukwa chomwe amalima ambiri oyamba kumene amamusokoneza ndi peonies kapena camellias. Samakula mopitilira 50 cm.
Kukula
Kuti amponia begonia isangalatse ndi maluwa ambiri, ndikofunikira kukonzekera chisamaliro choyenera. Kutentha kotani komwe kuyenera kusungidwa mchipinda? Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chiyani?
Kutentha
Ampel begonia amakula kunyumba ngati firiji ili + 14-22 degrees Celsius. Ngati ikula mwamphamvu, chomeracho chimasiya kukula ndikukula. Pofika nyengo yozizira, perekani mtendere maluwawo... Begonia yomwe ikukula m'munda imakumbidwa kuti ichotse ma tubers pamalo pomwe kutentha kudzakhala + 5-12 5ะก.
Kutentha kwa chipinda nthawi zonse kumakhala kofanana ndi momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa. Pewani zojambula mukamapuma mpweya.
Kuyatsa
Ampel begonias sakonda dzuwa. Amayiyika pawindo, pomwe kuwala, ngakhale kuli kowala, kumafalikira. Pansi pa kunyezimira kwa dzuwa, mphika wokhala nawo umangosungidwa kwa maola 2-3 m'mawa ndi madzulo, i.e. kwezani kanema wowonetsa. Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumadzafika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, kutentha kwa mpweya kumayamba kutsika pang'onopang'ono.
Chinyezi
Dziko lakwawo begonias - mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha... Ampelous begonia amakonda kutentha, koma chinyezi chimasungidwa pafupifupi 60%. Kupopera mbewu koyamba kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika, mpaka masambawo atayamba. Madontho amadzi sayenera kugwa pamasamba ndi pamaluwa. Chifukwa cha iwo, amasanduka achikasu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza duwa lokongola.
Chenjezo! Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati nyengo ikutentha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti? Chomeracho chidzavutika popanda firiji yowonjezera. Pakadali pano, mphasa imathandizira kwambiri, yomwe imayikidwa pansi pa mphika, yomwe idadzazidwa kale ndi miyala yonyowa, peat kapena utuchi.
Werengani za kulima ndi kuberekana kwa ampelous begonias m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi mungabzale ndi kubzala nthawi yanji komanso nthawi yanji?
Chitsanzo chabwino cha ampelous begonia chimapezeka ngati tuber ili yolimba komanso yathanzi (werengani za tuberous begonia pano). M'sitolo yamaluwa, sagula yoyamba yomwe amakumana nayo, koma yokhayo yomwe ili yathanzi ndipo ipitilira masentimita atatu m'mimba mwake. Posankha ma tubers amitundu yaying'ono, amakonda kupatsidwa mitundu yosenda yopanda mawanga kapena kuwonongeka. Ayenera kukhala ndi cholimba pamwamba ndipo masamba aliwonse omwe amawoneka ngati mabampu ndi ma bampu sayenera kuwonongeka.
Musanabzala tubers m'nthaka, sungani nawo m'munsi, otsekemera pa nsalu yothira madzi. Mchenga wonyowa ungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwake. Kotero kuti chodzala sichitha, chimapopera nthawi ndi madzi kapena yankho la Epin. Pamene masamba apatsa mizu yaying'ono yoyera, mutha kubzala tubers pansi. Chomeracho chimabzalidwanso pamene sichikwaniranso mumphika... Amasankha chidebe chokulirapo ndipo amangosamutsa ampelous begonia mmenemo.
Amakumbukira kuti ndi bwino kusankha miphika yaying'ono komanso yayikulu momwe mabowo amapangidwira, kenako nkuyika dothi lopangidwa kuchokera ku petioles ndi dothi lokulitsidwa. Mphukira zikawonekera pa tubers, zimabzalidwa munthaka wathanzi komanso wosasunthika, zisanachitike ndi fungicide. Amabzalidwa ndi mbali yotseguka panthaka yothiridwa madzi. Gawo lakumtunda silakutidwa ndi nthaka mpaka mphukira zowonekera ziwonekere.
Mutabzala, sungani mphikawo ndi begonia wofowetsedwa pamalo otentha komanso owala. Thirirani nthawi ndi nthawi, koma mosamala kwambiri kuti madontho a chinyezi asagwere pa tuber. Ndi mawonekedwe a tsamba lachitatu, tuber imakonkhedwa ndi nthaka.
Vidiyo yothandiza yodzala ampelous begonia:
Kodi kusamalira kunyumba?
Odziwa zamaluwa amasunga ampelous begonia pazenera lakumadzulo... Dzuwa limawalitsa kuyambira 11 mpaka 15 maola. Ndikuthirira pang'ono mopanda madzi gawo lapansi, liphulika posachedwa. Kuti mufulumizitse maluwa, idyetseni. Ndi malamulo ati omwe akuyenera kutsatira mukamadyetsa ndi kuthirira?
Zovala zapamwamba
Kukula msanga komanso maluwa okongola, duwa laling'ono limadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Mukamayimba mitundu, amasinthira kwa ena - kwa maluwa, momwe mudzakhala nayitrogeni pang'ono, ndi potaziyamu wambiri ndi phosphorous. Nthawi zina ampelous begonia imadyetsedwa ndi feteleza mumtundu wopepuka, momwe mumakhala zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Feteleza organic ntchito zosaposa 1-2 pa chaka.
Zofunika! Kudyetsa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni kumayimitsidwa akangodziwa kuti zimayambira pa ampelous begonias asanduka madzi.
Kuthirira
M'nyengo yozizira, begonia samathiriridwa, koma amangosunga chinyezi mozungulira 60% ndikutsanulira madzi mu thireyi yokhala ndi moss pansi pamphika kuti ma tubers asamaume. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kuyambira Okutobala... Imakonzedwanso pomwe nyengo yamasika imayamba. Samatsanulira madzi pakati pa duwa, kuti asayambitse mizu yowola.
Kodi kutsina?
Olima maluwa odziwa zambiri samalimbikitsa kutsina ampelous begonia. Kutsina kumatsanulira mphamvu ya tuber. Ndibwino kuzisiya momwe ziliri. Chifukwa cha izi, kutulutsa mphukira kudzachitika mochedwa kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Kuti abwezeretse chilichonse kumalo owonekera, adadula, pofuna kupanga tsinde ndikukonzekera kudzikundikira kwa michere yambiri. Ngati chomeracho chili chokulirapo, chithandizo chimalowetsedwa m'malo ndikuyimitsidwa.
Makhalidwe osungira panja
Mukamabzala ampelous begonia pamalo otseguka, konzekerani bwino malowo kuti mubzale. Amapanga mabowo, ndipo peat ndi kompositi zimatsanuliramo. Ngati sali pafupi, mutha kuthira feteleza amchere okhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Musanabzala chomera pamalo otseguka, tsanulirani ndi madzi. Chinthu chachikulu ndikumasula nthaka ya chomera chomwe chikukula m'munda... Izi zipatsa mizu mpweya womwe amafunikira kuti akule. Kuthirira pafupipafupi kamodzi pamasiku atatu.
M'masiku otentha, amathiriridwa madzi nthawi zambiri, ndipo atangomwetsera, dothi limamasulidwa kuti chinyezi chisatengeke ndi mizu yovunda. Duwa lomwe limamera m'munda silimwaza. Apo ayi, mawanga a bulauni adzawonekera pamasamba ake. Kutsirira kumayimitsidwa ndikumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira.
Chithunzi
Pansipa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha ampelous begonia maluwa ndikusamalira chomera ichi.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Nthawi zina ampelous begonia amafota. Florists zindikirani kuti masamba ake owuma ndi kugwa. Zolemba za Brown zitha kuwonekeranso pamalangizo. Pofuna kupewa mavuto, mndende komanso chisamaliro chikuwunikiridwa.
Malangizo! Mavuto ambiri azomera amabwera chifukwa chothirira mosayenera komanso mosachedwa.
Tizirombo ndi matenda
- Powdery mildew ndi matenda a fungal omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wocheperako wa ectoparasitic... Zimakhudza ampelous begonia. Leucorrhoea kapena pachimake choyera zimawonedwa pamasamba, zipatso ndi mbali zina za mphukira. Pofuna kuti asachiritse chomeracho, amawunika pafupipafupi ndipo amadziwitsidwa akamawona zikwangwani zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa pamasamba apafupi ndi nthaka. Amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo maluwawo amathandizidwa ndi fungus ya Topaz.
- Tizilombo tina toopsa ndi kangaude... Nthawi zambiri imawonekera m'nyumba ndi mpweya wouma. Pofuna kuthana nawo, amawunikanso pafupipafupi ndikutsimikizira kuti ampelous begonia ilandila mtundu wokwanira wa dzuwa. Kupanda kutero, imatha masamba ndi kufota. Kangaude amamenyedwa ndi mankhwala amakono a Bi-58 Novy, ndikuchotsa chomeracho monga zidalembedwera.
Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuyamba kuswana ndikukula begonias, takonzekera zida zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chomerachi. Mwina zolemba zathu zikuthandizani kusankha mwanzeru. Werengani za mitundu iyi: Tiger, Wamaliseche, Wotuwa, Mason, Metallic, Collar, Imperial, Coral, Rex ndi Fista.
Mapeto
Ampel begonia ndi kukongola kwenikweni. Atamuponyera mumiphika yaying'ono ndikuwapachika padenga, amakwaniritsa kusintha kwazenera kapena khonde likamasula. Mukapachika chomera ndi masamba amitundumitundu pambali pake, zotsatira zake zimakhala zodabwitsa. Chofunikira ndichakuti muzisamalira chomeracho moyenera kenako palibe chomwe chingasokoneze chisangalalo chodabwitsa kwa miyezi ingapo pachaka.