Kukula kwa gloxinia: chifukwa chiyani masambawo samaphuka ndikusandulika? Chitani kanthu asanaume!

Gloxinia amadziwika pakati pa mitundu ina yokongoletsa chifukwa cha maluwa ake akulu, owala belu. Komabe, chomeracho sichimakondweretsa nthawi zonse ndi maluwa ambiri.

Chisamaliro chosayenera nthawi zambiri chimayambitsa mavuto ndi kukula kwa masamba a gloxinia, samaphuka kapena kuuma. Ndi kuzindikira koyenera komanso kwakanthawi kwakomwe zimayambitsa, ndizotheka kuthetsa matenda omwe abwera mmera. Tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi. Onaninso kanema wothandiza pamutuwu.

Kufotokozera za mbewu

Gloxinia ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Gesneriev... Ali ndi mizu ya tuberous. Tsinde ndi lalifupi, lolunjika kapena lalitali, lopindika, losalala kapena lokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Masamba ndi akulu, owulungika, velvety, obiriwira wobiriwira. Maluwa opangidwa ndi Bell, ophweka kapena awiri. Mtundu wa maluwawo ukhoza kukhala wofiira, woyera, pinki, wofiirira, brindle. Mbeu za Gloxinia ndizochepa kwambiri. Gloxinia amapezeka ku South America. Dzina lachiwiri la chomeracho ndi sinningia.

Kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe

Gloxinia imayamba kuphulika mu Marichi. Maluwa amatha miyezi itatu. Maluwa a chomeracho ndi okhawo, ochokera ku sinus, akulu, oblong, velvety. Amafanana ndi belu loboola. Ma peduncles ndi ofewa, mabelu akulu akulu amatha kugwa. Maluwa awiriwa ndi masentimita 8-12. Maluwawo ali ndi stamens 4. Wotulutsa mawuwo ndiwosunga kapena palibe. Corolla ndi yamachubu, imakhala ndimalo ozungulira okhala ndi m'mbali mwake, omwe adakonzedwa m'mizere imodzi kapena angapo.

Corolla imatha kukhala yolimba: yoyera, yofiirira, yofiira, rasipiberi kapena zonona. Zitha kukhala zamitundu iwiri, kukhala ndi malire, madontho osiyanasiyana kapena mawanga. Pansi ndi m'mbali mwa maluwa nthawi zambiri mumakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana.... Mitundu ina ya gloxinia imakhala ndi chubu chotalikirapo komanso tiziphuphu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono m'malo mokhala ndi corolla. Chomera chimodzi chimatha kupanga masamba 8 mpaka 40.

Zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto wamba ndi mayankho awo

Zolakwitsa pakukonza gloxinia nthawi yamaluwa zimabweretsa zovuta. Kuzindikira molondola komanso kwakanthawi zomwe zimayambitsa kudzawonjezera mwayi wopulumutsa mbewu.

Osasungunuka

Kodi nchifukwa ninji masamba a gloxinia samatseguka kwathunthu, ndiye amatembenukira bulauni ndikukhala ofewa?

Zoyambitsa:

• pali masamba ochulukirapo pachomera osakhala ndi feteleza;
• kuwonongeka kwa nthaka;
• kusowa kapena kuyatsa kwambiri;
• ulamuliro wolakwika wa kutentha;
• chinyezi chotsika;
• tizirombo: nthata za kangaude kapena thrips.

Kusankha:

1. Pendani chomeracho.
2. Ngati tizirombo titaukira, tengani mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kutsatira malangizo omwe ali phukusi la mankhwalawo.
3. Pakati pa kukula kobiriwira, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
4. Mukamapanga masamba oyamba, muyenera kusinthana ndi mchere wambiri wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
5. Sinthani mawonekedwe owunikira.
6. Chomeracho chimafuna kuunika kowala bwino.
7. Kutalika kwa masana kwa gloxinia kuyenera kukhala maola 12-14.
8. Masamba akatambasukira m'mwamba, chomeracho sichiwala. Poterepa, muyenera kusunthira mphikawo pazenera lina kapena kukonza kuyatsa kwapangidwe.
9. Ndi kuwala kochulukirapo, m'pofunika kuti mthunzi wa gloxinia utetezeke ndi gauze, tulle, pepala lowala kuchokera padzuwa ndikuyika chomeracho kutali ndi galasi.
10. Sinthani kutentha m'chipindacho. Kutentha kwamasana koyenera gloxinia ndi + 20 + 22 ° C, usiku + 18 ° C. Nthawi yopuma iyenera kuchitika + 10 + 14 ° C.
11. Sinthani chinyezi poyika chidebe chachikulu chamadzi pafupi ndi chomeracho.
12. Dulani malo oyandikana nawo ndi botolo la utsi, pewani kulowa kwa madzi pa gloxinia.
13. Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ma pallets awiri pazenera laling'ono.
14. Dzazani poto wakuya m'munsi ndi miyala yoyera, dongo lokulitsa ndikuthirani ndi madzi. Ikani mphasa wachiwiri ndi mphika pamwala.

Sintha wakuda

Masamba amafota, osafalikira, amakhala akuda komanso owuma.

Zoyambitsa:

• nyengo yozizira m'chipinda chozizira kwambiri;
• mpweya wouma kwambiri;
• nthaka yatha;
• nthaka youma kapena chinyezi chapafupipafupi kwambiri.

Kusankha:

1. Fufuzani gloxinia tuber ndikuchiza ndi Epin, mankhwala omwe ali ndi anti-kupsinjika.
2. Wonjezerani chinyezi mchipinda.
3. Pakutentha, sungani chomeracho, chitetezeni ku dzuwa.
4. Sinthanitsani nthaka yatha ndi nthaka yatsopano.
5. Sungani nthawi pakati pamadzi.
6. Khazikitsani dothi lolowetsa munthawi yake, kuti dothi lisaume.

Youma

Masamba amauma osafalikira.

Zoyambitsa:

• mpweya wouma;
• mpweya wozizira, ma drafts;
• kutentha kwa mpweya;
• kuchuluka kapena kusowa kwa kuyatsa;
• nthaka yatha;
• kusefukira.

Kusankha:

1. Kwezani chinyezi m'chipindacho.
2. Konzani mpweya wabwino, kupewa zopangira.
3. Sinthani mawonekedwe owunikira.
4. Dyetsani chomeracho ndi feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu.
5. Sinthani kuthirira.
6. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yonyowa pang'ono.

Kanthu kalikonse mkati

Akatsegulidwa, ma sepals amawonetsa nandolo wobiriwira m'malo mwamphukira. Patapita kanthawi, peduncle amasanduka bulauni. Mphukira yopanda chitukuko imagwa.

Choyambitsa:

• nyengo yozizira;
• kupanikizika kuchokera kosungidwa pamatentha otsika kwambiri.

Kusankha:

1. Chotsani mphukira yolakwika mwa kudula mosamala peduncle.
2. Pakapita kanthawi, mphukira yatsopano ipanga.
3. Maluwa athunthu ayenera kutseguka.
4. Pangani mankhwala opopera angapo ndi Epin molingana ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusili.

Kuvunda

CHOFUNIKA: Osasokoneza masamba akuda owuma ndi masamba owola. Ikawola, mphukira imasanduka yakuda kapena yakuda, koma imakhala yofewa komanso yonyowa.

Zoyambitsa:

• madzi a gawo lapansi;
• acidic kwambiri nthaka pH;
• nayitrogeni owonjezera.

Kusankha:

1. Malire kuthirira masiku angapo kuti gawo lapansi liume.
2. Madzi gloxinia kudzera poto pokha.
3. Onetsetsani kuti nthaka siimanyowa kwambiri, koma musaume.
4. M'nthaka ya acidic, muyenera kubzala mbewu ndikusintha kwathunthu.
5. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza ovuta okha, omwe, kuphatikiza nayitrogeni, ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Chitani mankhwala awiri kapena atatu ndi Fitosporin, Maxim kapena fungicide ina kuti muteteze tuber. Chitani izi ndi Epin.
6. Ngati, zitatengedwa, vutoli silitha, ndiye kuti tuber yayamba kutha. Poterepa, muyenera kuyisanthula mosamala.
7. Chepetsani mawanga abulauni ndi mpeni kuti mukhale wathanzi.
8. Dulani mdulidwewo ndi makala osakanizidwa kapena makala. Ikani tuber mumphika watsopano wokhala ndi kukhetsa kwa calcined ndikusakanikirana kwatsopano.

Njira zodzitetezera

Kuti gloxinia iphulike bwino, m'pofunika kuteteza mwadongosolo mavuto omwe angakhalepo:

• Onetsetsani chinyezi cha nthaka, pewani chinyezi chochuluka ndikuuma.
• Ikani ngalande zabwino.
• Gwiritsani madzi ofunda kuthirira.
• Musalole kuti madzi akhudzidwe ndi masamba, masamba ndi maluwa. Osapopera mbewu.
• Ndi bwino kuthirira gloxinia kudzera poto.
• Nthawi zina perekani mpweya mozungulira chomeracho.
• Bwezerani gloxinia masika onse kuti muteteze nthaka.
• Gwiritsani ntchito hydrogel popewa kuyanika pagawo lapansi.
• Ikani kudya kovuta.
• Perekani kuyatsa kokwanira popanda dzuwa.
• Sungani gloxinia m'chipinda chofunda, osayanjana ndi zojambulajambula.
• Yang'anani chomeracho nthawi zonse.
• Gwiritsani ntchito Epin kapena Zircon mwadongosolo kuti muteteze chitetezo cha gloxinia.

Zinthu zofunikira pakukula bwino

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, gloxinia imamasula kuyambira masika mpaka kugwa koyambirira.... Kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa ali ndi thanzi, zinthu zina ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

1. Chipinda chofunda, chopepuka, makamaka zenera lakummawa.
2. Ngati dothi limapangidwa kunyumba, muyenera kukonzekera chisakanizo cha masamba obiriwira, nthaka yolimba, mchenga ndi mchenga mu 2: 1: 1: 1.
3. Ngalande zimafunika kuti madzi asaphwe mu mphika. Tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokulitsa, thovu losweka.
4. Kudya koyenera komanso kwakanthawi.
5. Kupewa matenda ndi tizirombo.
6. Kukula kwamphika woyenera. Musagwiritse ntchito chidebe chachikulu kwambiri, apo ayi chomeracho chidzamera tuber m'malo modula.
7. Kuunikira kokwanira mlengalenga.
8. Kuti nthawi yamaluwa ikhale yayitali, ma peduncle osokonekera ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
9. Kugwirizana ndi nthawi yopuma.
10. Kusamalira bwino mutatha maluwa. Pakutha maluwa, chomeracho chimakonzekera nyengo yozizira. Gawo louma loumbalo limadulidwa, kusiya chitsa chaching'ono cha 1-2 masentimita ndipo miphika yokhala ndi tubers imachotsedwa pamalo ozizira, amdima. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, ma tubers amachotsedwa mosamala, kutsukidwa pansi, kudula ziwalo zowola, kuthira magawo, kuwuma kwa maola 24 ndikubzala mu gawo lapansi latsopano.

Pofuna kuti gloxinia iphukirenso, tsinde limadulidwa mutatha maluwa, ndikusiya masamba angapo apansi. Ana opeza amakula kuchokera kumachimo awo. Olamulira okhawo omwe ayenera kusungidwa. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kudyetsa ndi ma nitrogeni ambiri. Njirazi zidzalimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba atsopano. Pakamera masamba, feteleza omwe ali ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kubwezeretsanso maluwa nthawi zonse kumakhala kopepuka kuposa koyambirira.

CHENJEZO: Talingalirani zaka za gloxinia. Chomera chikamakula, sichimafalikira pang'ono.

Mutha kuwerengenso za kusamalira gloxinia kunyumba kuno, ndipo apa tidayankhula za malamulo othirira ndi kudyetsa.

Mapeto

Pakukula kwa gloxinia, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kufunika kopewa matenda mwadongosolo.... Ngati duwa silitseguka kapena kuda, muyenera kukhazikitsa nthawi yomweyo zomwe zikuyambitsa ndikupitilira muyeso wopulumutsa chomeracho.

Potsatira malamulo onse a chisamaliro, mutha kukwaniritsa maluwa ambiri a gloxinia. Zabwino zonse ndi nyumba yanu floriculture!

Onerani kanemayo: Ku Na Kwa-Danny (July 2024).