Zovuta za zomwe zili ndi lithops: kusamalira kunyumba
Osati onse omwe amalima ndi okonda masewera a spathiphyllum ndi ficuses. Ena atengeka ndi zokoma - zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi minyewa yapadera yosungira madzi. Samwalira osathirira ngakhale atachoka masiku 10 paulendo wabizinesi kapena tchuthi.
Ma Lithops kapena "miyala yamoyo" imawoneka yachilendo kwambiri pakati pa onse okoma. Amapezeka kumapululu amiyala ndi mchenga ku South Africa, Namibia, Botswana. Kodi ndizovuta kusamalira ziphuphu zamkati zomwe zingapezeke munkhaniyi?
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji maluwa kunyumba?
Lithops ndi odzichepetsa, koma kuti akwaniritse maluwa awo, muyenera kuyesa. Momwe mungathirire? Zofunikira ziti zowunikira ndi kutentha sizinganyalanyazidwe kuti asamamwalire kunyumba?
Kuyatsa
Ma Lithops amakula bwino kum'mwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera kwazenera. Izi ndichifukwa choti mu theka loyamba la tsiku amafunikira kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola 4-5, koma pambuyo pa nkhomaliro safuna dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, amazibisa ku kuwala kowala kwa dzuwa kuseri kwa chotchinga chopangira chopangidwa ndi ukonde wa udzudzu kapena nsalu yotchinga.
Kulephera kutsatira izi zofunika pa chisamaliro, ma lithop sadzaphulika, kuwopa kuwala kwa dzuwa masana. Ukamazizira m'chipinda chamdima, chomeracho chimapsa kwambiri ngati mutayika mphika nacho pazenera lowunikiridwa bwino ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa kopanda shading.
Chomera chokoma chimafuna kuyatsa chaka chonse. Ngati imalandira kuwala kochepa kwa masiku 5-6, imafutukuka, ndipo masamba ammbali amada. Ngati chomeracho sichimaunikiridwa ndi nyali za LED ndi fulorosenti mukazisunga pazenera lakumpoto, ndikuziyika patali masentimita 5-10 kuchokera pamenepo, zimamwalira.
Kutentha
Kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka Seputembara, ma Lithops sakukakamira kutentha. Munthawi imeneyi, akukula mwachangu. M'nyengo yozizira, mphika nawo umasunthidwa kupita kumalo ena komwe kutentha kwamlengalenga kumakhala kotsika - pafupifupi + 8-10⁰С, ndipo chinyezi cha mpweya ndichotsika. Zikatero, iye kupirira hibernation bwino.
Momwe mungathirire?
Akamwetsa madzi okoma, amayesetsa kuti madzi asalowe m'masamba ndi kulowa pakati pawo. Alimi ena amapanga ngalande zapamwamba poyika miyala yaying'ono kuti pansi pamasamba a chomeracho ndi pamwamba pake musakhale pansi, koma pamiyalayo.
Ma Lithops samathiriridwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphasa. Njirayi ndi yopanda ntchito, chifukwa chinyezi chowonjezerabe sichilowabe mu sump, koma chimadyetsa nthaka mopitirira muyeso. Sioyenera ngakhale kwa alimi odziwa zambiri.
Ndikofunikira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa madzi oti mugwiritse ntchito kuthirira zokoma. Payenera kukhala yokwanira yokwanira kukhathamiritsa mizu, osangokwaniritsa.
Kuyambitsa
Pali zosankha zitatu kuti dothi likhale labwino kwambiri:
- Ola limodzi la nthaka kapena slag / volumic pumice + mchenga pang'ono.
- 1 h. Peat lapansi + 2 h. Perlite / pumice / mchenga.
- 1 tsp perlite ndi uvuni wa coke.
Kunyumba, mapiri amakula m'nthaka iliyonse. Pofuna kulima kunyumba, nthaka imasankhidwa mosamala kwambiri. Zakudya zochulukirapo zimadzazidwa ndi kuti chomeracho chimasanduka buluni ndikuphulika chifukwa chothirira molondola. Ngati mulibe zakudya zokwanira m'nthaka, kukula kwake kudzaima ndipo muyenera kuyamwa feteleza wapadera.
Mphika
Mphika wa lithops umasankhidwa mosamala kwambiri. Mukazisankha, ganizirani za kayendedwe ka kuthirira ndi mtundu wa gawo lapansi. Chisankho chabwino kwambiri ndi mphika wadongo. Ndi cholimba ndipo makoma ake amapereka mpweya wabwino. Alimi ena amagula mphika wa pulasitiki chifukwa ndiwotsika mtengo. Succulent amakula bwino mmenemo.
Paliponse pomwe mungasankhe, sayenera kukhala yayikulu komanso yowoneka bwino. Mukamabzala, mphika watsopanowo uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wakale, koma osafanana. Kupanda kutero, kukula kwa zokoma kumachedwetsa kwambiri, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku, sipadzafunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kambiri.
Zovala zapamwamba
Ngati, posankha dothi, wamaluwa amaganizira nsonga pamwambapa, chomeracho sichidyetsedwa, koma kumuika kumachitika kamodzi pachaka. Ngati pazifukwa zina mwaziphonya, Lembetsani nthaka ndi michere ndi manyowa a cactus, komabe, mlingowo uyenera kukhala wochepera kawiri kuposa momwe umalangizidwira. Nthawi zina, feteleza safunika, chifukwa amatha kuwononga zokoma izi, ngakhale zili ndi kufanana kwina ndi mwala.
Tumizani
Alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kubzala mbewu kamodzi pachaka. Popeza amauika mumphika wawung'ono, mizu yake imadzaza malo ake onse mkati mwa chaka.
Mukamaika, mabowo amapangidwa pansi pamphika, ndipo theka limadzaza ndi ngalande. Mizu imabzalidwa pansi, ndipo khosi silikwiriridwa. Imakutidwa ndi miyala yaying'ono kuti isavunde pakukula kwa chomeracho.
Chomeracho chimaikidwa mumphika watsopano pokhapokha mizu yake itauma, i.e. Kuthirira kumayimitsidwa masiku angapo musanafike. Sizingakhale zovuta kuzichotsa munthaka yakale, ngati mungayambe kumasula ndi chotokosera mano. Ngati zokoma zingapo zimamera mumphika umodzi, ndiye kuti sizibzalidwa panthawi yopatsa.
Makhalidwe osungira panja
Ma Lithops samakula panja, koma alimi odziwa bwino maluwa amatenga mphika nawo mumlengalenga nthawi yotentha ngati ali ndi kanyumba kachilimwe kapena dimba lamasamba. Zochita zakunja kwa chilimwe zimathandizira pakukula kwawo, zimakhala zamphamvu komanso zolimba. Koma mukamatulutsa mphika wamiyala mumlengalenga, musaiwale:
- utsi wamphepo pafupi nawo kuchokera ku botolo la utsi masiku otentha kwambiri;
- mthunzi kuchokera ku dzuwa;
- bweretsani mbewu kunyumba mvula ikangogwa kawirikawiri kapena kutentha kwa mpweya kutsika.
Kuteteza Matenda ndi Kuteteza Tizirombo
Nthawi zina olima maluwa amakhala ndi zovuta kusunga ma lithops. Ataphwanya mndende, chomeracho chimayamba kugwidwa ndi akangaude kapena mphutsi.
Molting
Olima maluwa a Newbie atayika, pozindikira kusungunuka kwa masamba mumitengo ikamachitika nthawi yopuma. M'malo mwake, palibe chowopsa chomwe chimawachitikira, masamba atsopano amamera m'malo mwa masamba akale. Chinthu chachikulu sikuti musokoneze njirayi. Pozindikira zoyamba zakusungunuka, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa, ndipo mphika wokhala ndi chomeracho, ngati kuli kotheka, umakonzedwanso kukhala otentha + 12-16⁰⁰ ndi malo owala. Molting nthawi zambiri imakhala mpaka Marichi-Epulo.
Kufota
Akazindikira kuti msuziwo ukufota, ndiye amauthirira mwachangu. Komanso, kufunika kothirira mwachangu kumawonetsedwa ndi mbali zake zamakwinya kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amafunikira chinyezi chochuluka ngati chipinda chili chotentha. Poterepa, samvera nthawi komanso amaithirira.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji zokoma zidayamba kukhala zofewa?
Nthawi zina mu lithops masamba amakhala otupa komanso ofewa.... Izi ndichifukwa choti mlimi sanamwe madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi sizachilendo. Nthawi zambiri kutopa ndi kufewa kwa masamba ndizizindikiro zakuwola kwa mizu chifukwa cha ngalande yopanda madzi komanso kuthirira mopitirira muyeso. Nthawi zambiri, ndizosatheka kuthandiza wokoma mtima mdziko lino: amangofa ndipo ndi zomwezo.
Masamba owuma
Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe - kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, mapira amamasula, ndipo atatha maluwa amakhetsa masamba. Chipolopolo cha masamba akale chimaphulika, mwala wamoyo umasweka pakati, ndipo magawo omwe adalekanitsidwawo amauma. Komwe kupumula kudawonekera, ndiye masamba atsopano amakula. Pofuna kuti ntchitoyi ifulumire, ena amadula masamba akufa, kenako ndikudabwa kuti ma lithop adamwalira. Simungachite izi. Iwo amayembekezera mpaka iwo kutha okha.
Mealybug
Palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe mealybugs imawonekera pa lithops. Amawonekera chifukwa chakuphwanya mndende, koma ngati simukuchitapo kanthu pakapita nthawi, adzayamwa timadziti tonse ndikumuluka ndi ulusi wake wa kangaude.
Gawo loyamba ndikuchotsa mphika wa mbewu kutali ndi enawo. Musanayike pamalo atsopano, sambani masamba ake ndi madzi otentha, ndipo, ngati n'kotheka, sonkhanitsani tizirombo ndi zopalira. Ngati mealybug yawononga kwambiri zokoma, chomeracho chimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala a Aktara kapena Actellik kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Pali mankhwala azitsamba othandizira kuthana ndi mealybug. Amalimbana naye pogwiritsa ntchito mowa kapena tincture wa adyo. Nthawi yomweyo, amangowaza ndi imodzi mwazinthu izi, kenako ndikuyika thumba la pulasitiki pamphika kwa maola 24. Pambuyo panthawiyi, chikwamacho chimachotsedwa ndipo chomeracho chimatsukidwa ndi sopo.
Kuti mealybug isayambe konse, ndikokwanira kuti prophylaxis iunikire poto ndi chomera chokhala ndi nyali ya fulorosenti kapena kuyiyika padzuwa kwa ola limodzi patsiku.
Kuvunda
Mizu yovunda ndi tizilombo toopsa kwambiri pa ma lithops. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mizu yokha ndiyo imavutika, ndipo imawoneka ngakhale kwa wolima yemwe amasamala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mukamabzala, mumalangizidwa kuti mufufuze ndikusanthula mizu, ndikuchotsa chilichonse chomwe chakhudzidwa ndi bowa mosachedwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Kenako amaikidwa mu yankho la 2% la madzi a Bordeaux kwa theka la ola, kenako amaikidwa mumphika ndi dothi latsopano ndikuyembekeza chozizwitsa.
Chithunzi
Onani chithunzi cha Lithops mopitilira:
Mapeto
Lithops ndizomera zakunja zomwe sizinafalikebe ku Russia. Aliyense amene angayerekeze kuwagula sadzadandaula. Ndi okongola, osasamala, koma nthawi yomweyo amawoneka osazolowereka, kuti abwenzi onse omwe akubwera azikondwerera.