Nyumba ya Dolmabahce: Zotsogola zaku Turkey m'mbali mwa Bosphorus

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Nyumba ya Dolmabahce ndi nyumba zakale zokongola zomwe zili m'mbali mwa Bosphorus yotchuka ku Istanbul. Kupadera kwa nyumbayi ndikuti idamangidwa mwanjira yopanda tanthauzo la zomangamanga zaku Turkey. Kutalika kwa zokopa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mamita 600. Dera lachifumu ndi ma 45 mita lalikulu ma mita. Mamita, ndi malo okwanira nyumbayo ndi nyumba zonse ndi 110 zikwi mita lalikulu. mamita. Zokongoletsera zamkati mwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zimaposa ziyembekezo zonse zakutchire.

Dolmabahce ku Istanbul ili ndi zipinda 285, maholo akuluakulu 44, zimbudzi 68 ndi malo osambira 6 aku Turkey. Masiku ano, zipinda zina zimakhala malo owonetsera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilendo, zaluso ndi zodzikongoletsera. Kukongola ndi kukongola kwa nyumbayi kumakopa alendo ochulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse, ndipo mzaka zaposachedwa chinthucho chakhala chimodzi mwazokopa zisanu ku Istanbul. Mutha kudziwa tsatanetsatane wa nyumbayi, komanso zambiri zothandiza kuchokera m'nkhani yathu.

Nkhani yayifupi

Lingaliro lakumanga Nyumba Yachifumu ya Dolmabahce ku Istanbul, yolingana ndi mzimu wamasiku amenewo, lidafika ku padishah ya 31 ya Ottoman Empire - Abdul-Majid I. Sultan adakondwera ndi nyumba zokongola zaku Europe ndipo adakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri ndi malo akale otopetsa a Topkapi. Chifukwa chake, wolamulira adaganiza zomanga nyumba yachifumu yomwe ingapikisane ndi nyumba zachifumu ku Europe. Wopanga mapulani ochokera ku Armenia wotchedwa Karapet Balyan adaganiza za Sultan.

Kumasuliridwa kuchokera ku Turkey, dzina loti "Dolmabahçe" limamasuliridwa kuti "munda wambiri", ndipo pali mbiri yakale yokhudza dzinali. Chowonadi ndichakuti malo omangira chinthucho anali gombe lokongola la Bosphorus. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mpaka m'zaka za zana la 17, madzi amtsinjewo adasefukira m'derali, lomwe lidasandulika dambo. Munthawi ya ulamuliro wa Ahmed I, idakokedwa ndikuthira mchenga, ndipo nyumba yachifumu ya Besiktash idamangidwa pamtunda. Koma kapangidwe kake sikadakhala koyesa kwakanthawi ndipo kadagwa chifukwa. Panali pano pazitsulo pomwe ntchito yomanga Dolmabahce idayamba mu 1842, yomwe idatenga zaka 11.

Ndalama zochuluka zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba yachifumu: matani opitilira 40 a siliva ndi matani opitilira 15 agolide adagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa nyumbayo. Koma zinthu zina zamkati zidapita padishah ngati mphatso. Chifukwa chake, chandelier yayikulu yolemera yolemera matani 4.5 inali mphatso yochokera kwa Mfumukazi Victoria Wachingerezi, yemwe adayendera padishah mu 1853. Lero, mphatso yabwinoyi imakongoletsa Nyumba Ya Mwambo munyumbayi.

Dolmabahce anakhalabe nyumba yachifumu ya Ottoman mpaka kugwa kwa ufumuwo ndi kuyamba kwa ulamuliro wa Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Purezidenti adagwiritsa ntchito malowa ngati nyumba yake ku Istanbul: apa wolamulira adalandira alendo akunja ndikuchita zochitika zaboma. Mkati mwa mpanda wa nyumba yachifumu Ataturk ndipo adamwalira mu 1938. Kuyambira 1949 mpaka 1952, ntchito yobwezeretsa idachitika ku nyumba yachifumu ya Istanbul, pambuyo pake Dolmabahce adasandulika kukhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ndikutsegulira aliyense zitseko.

Kapangidwe ka nyumba yachifumu

Zithunzi za Nyumba Yachifumu ya Dolmabahce ku Istanbul zitha kukhala zosangalatsa kuyambira masekondi oyambilira, koma sangathe kupereka kukongola konse kwa nyumbayi. Yomangidwa kalembedwe ka Baroque, yothandizidwa ndi Rococo ndi Neoclassicism, nyumbayi ili ndi magawo awiri: nyumba yokhalamo, komwe azimayi anali, komanso pagulu, pomwe Sultan amachitira misonkhano yofunika, adakumana ndi alendo ndikukonzekera zikondwerero. Kuphatikiza apo, Dolmabahce ili ndi nyumba zogona zokhala ndi zithunzi zokongola za Bosphorus. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe ndizofunika kuzisamalira, ndipo pakati pawo:

Clock Tower ndi Chipata Chuma

Kutsogolo kwa khomo lolowera kukachisi wokongola kwambiri ku Istanbul, kukopa koyamba kunja kwa nyumbayo, Clock Tower, kukukwera. Chinthucho chidamangidwa chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 mumachitidwe amangidwe a neo-baroque. Nsanjayi ndi 27 mita kutalika. Kuyimba komweko kunapangidwa ku France. Nthawi zambiri nsanja yotchinga ndi yomwe imawonekera kwambiri kunyumba yachifumu kwa alendo.

Pafupi ndi pomwepo pali khomo lalikulu lotchedwa Chipata Chuma. Pakatikati pawo pamakhala chipilala chachikulu, pamwamba pake pomwe wotchi yokhala ndi chithunzi chojambulidwa imawonekera. Pali zipilala ziwiri mbali iliyonse ya chipilalacho, ndipo mkati mwake muli zitseko zokhomedwa. Kukongola kwa nyumbayi kumalimbikitsanso chidwi mkatikati mwa nyumbayo.

Sufer Hall

Sufer Hall, kapena, momwe amatchulidwira nthawi zambiri, Hall of Ambassadors, yomwe idalandirapo nthumwi zakunja. Apa Sultan adachita misonkhano yake yayikulu, adakonza misonkhano ndikukambirana. Tsatanetsatane wazamkati mwa chipinda chino mumakhala zokongoletsa: kuumba kwa stucco wagolide, chitofu chokhala ndi matailosi, miyala yamiyala, mipando yakale yovekedwa ndi mabasiketi opaka utoto amaphatikizidwa ndi zikopa za chikopa ndi kapeti yopangidwa ndi silika wopangidwa ndi manja.

Pafupi ndi Sufer Chamber pali Red Hall, yotchulidwa ndi kamvekedwe kake mkati mwake. Mtundu uwu, kuchepetsedwa ndi zolemba zagolide, makatani ndi mipando zimaperekedwa pano. Chipindachi chidathandiziranso msonkhano wa Sultan ndi akazembe ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana.

Nyumba ya miyambo

Holo lodzikongoletsera ndiye malo akulu azisangalalo ndi zikondwerero ku Dolmabahce Palace, chithunzi chomwe chimangopereka pang'ono kukongola kwake. Akatswiri opanga mapulani ochokera ku France ndi Italy adayitanidwa kuti azikongoletsa chipinda. Zokongoletserazo zimayang'aniridwa ndi zipilala zazitali zokhala ndi zipilala, ndipo ngodya za chipindacho zimakongoletsedwa ndi malo amoto a ceramic, pomwe makhiristo amapachika, ola lililonse likusewera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Koma chokongoletsera chachikulu cha nyumbayi ndi chandelier ya kristalo yoperekedwa kwa padishah ndi Mfumukazi Victoria. Chandelier, cholendewera kutalika kwa mita 36, chokongoletsedwa ndi zoyikapo nyali 750, amadziwika kuti ndi wamkulu kwambiri komanso wolemera kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chosangalatsanso ku Mwambo Wamwambo chinali chovala chachikulu chakum'mawa, chomwe chimakhala ndi 124 sq. mita, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kalipeti wamkulu ku Turkey.

Nyumba ya mlembi

Pali chipinda china chosangalatsa pafupi ndi Nyumba Ya Misonkhano - Nyumba Ya Alembi kapena Chipinda Cha Secretariat. Mtengo waukulu wagawo lachifumuli ndi chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi a Stefano Ussi aku Italy. Zojambulazo zikuwonetsa ulendo wachisilamu wochokera ku Istanbul kupita ku Mecca. Chinsalucho chidaperekedwa kwa padishah ndi wolamulira waku Egypt Ismail Pasha ndipo lero ndiye chithunzi chachikulu kwambiri m'nyumba yachifumu ya Dolmabahce.

Masitepe achifumu

Masitepe oyambira nyumba yachifumu, omwe amalumikizana pansi ndi yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, yotchedwa staircase ya Imperial, akuyenera kusamalidwa mwapadera. Ichi ndi chojambula chenicheni cha zomangamanga, zopangidwa kalembedwe ka Baroque. Gawo lalikulu la masitepe ndi cholembera chopangidwa ndi kristalo. Pazokongoletsa zawo, makhiristo a fakitole yotchuka ya ku France Baccarat adagwiritsa ntchito.

Harem

Malo opitilira theka a Nyumba Yachifumu ya Dolmabahce ku Istanbul adayikidwira azimayi, m'chigawo chakum'mawa komwe kunali zipinda za amayi a padishah ndi banja lake. M'zipinda zomwe zinali mumsewu, anali ndi adzakazi a Sultan. Mkati mwa nyumba za akazi ku Dolmabahce kumadziwika ndi kulukanalukana kwa zolinga za ku Europe ndi Kum'mawa, koma kwakukulu zipinda zake zimapangidwa m'njira ya neo-baroque.

Chosangalatsa kwambiri pano ndi Blue Hall, yomwe idalandira dzina ili chifukwa cha mthunzi waukulu wa mipando ndi makatani. M'chipindachi, zochitika zinkachitika zokhudzana ndi tchuthi chachipembedzo, pomwe nzika za azimayi zimaloledwa pano. Chinthu chachiwiri chodziwikiratu m'dera lino lachifumu ndi Pink Hall, yomwe imadziwikanso ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino mkati mwake. Kuchokera pano chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha Bosphorus chimatseguka, ndipo chipinda nthawi zambiri chimakhala holo ya alendo olemekezeka omwe amalandiridwa ndi amayi a Sultan.

Zolemba: Komwe mungadye ku Istanbul ndi malingaliro owoneka bwino, werengani nkhaniyi.

Mzikiti

Kum'mwera kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kuli Mosque ya Dolmabahce, yomwe idamangidwa mu 1855. Zomangamanga za nyumbayi ndizovala za Baroque. Ufumu wa Ottoman utagwa, kachisiyo adasandulika kukhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, komwe zidawonetsedwa pazogulitsa zankhondo. Pang'onopang'ono, nyumbayo inayamba kuwonongeka, koma posakhalitsa inamangidwanso, ndipo ntchito zaumulungu zinayambiranso mkati mwa mpanda wa mzikiti.

Clock Museum

Pambuyo pobwezeretsa kwanthawi yayitali, mu 2010 nyumbayi idatsegulanso zitseko zake kwa aliyense amene akufuna kuti adziwane ndi ziwonetsero zapadera za wotchi. Lero, pali zinthu 71 zomwe zikuwonetsedwa, pomwe mutha kuwona ulonda wa sultans, komanso zinthu zopangidwa ndi manja ndi ambuye odziwika a Ottoman.

Museum of Painting ndi chosema

Nyumba ya Dolmabahce ku Istanbul ndiyotchuka chifukwa chazolembedwa zantchito zolembedwa ndi ojambula odziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Zamkatikati mwa nyumbayi zili ndi zithunzi zoposa 600, pafupifupi 40 zomwe zidapangidwa ndi wojambula wotchuka waku Russia IK Aivazovsky.

Nthawi ina Sultan Abdul-Majid adandipatsa chithunzi chajambulayo chosonyeza malo a Bosphorus, ndi padishah, momwe amakonda ntchito ya Aivazovsky, kuti adalamula zojambula zina 10. Atafika ku Istanbul, wojambulayo adakumana ndi Sultan ndipo adakhazikika m'nyumba yachifumu, komwe adalimbikitsidwa ndi zomwe adalemba. Popita nthawi, Abdul-Majid I ndi Aivazovsky adakhala abwenzi, pambuyo pake padishah adalamula zojambula zingapo.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, nyumba zosungiramo zojambula zakale ku likulu zidapatsidwa zipinda 20, pomwe zidayamba kuwonetsa osati ntchito za akatswiri ojambula, komanso zopanga ziboliboli. Masiku ano, ziwonetsero pafupifupi 3000 zawonetsedwa pano.

Chipinda cha Ataturk

Ngwazi yadziko la Turkey, Purezidenti woyamba waboma, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk anali womaliza kukhala ku Dolmabahce Palace. Anali m'chipinda choyambirira cha Sultan, chomwe adalamula kuti apereke mophweka komanso modzichepetsa. Apa ndipomwe Purezidenti adakhala masiku omaliza a moyo wawo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti manja a mawotchi onse mnyumbayi akuwonetsa 09: 05, chifukwa inali nthawi iyi pomwe Ataturk adatsiriza.

Mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi: Chodabwitsa ndi Gulhane Park ku Istanbul ndi chifukwa chake kuli koyenera kuyendera kuti mudziwe patsamba lino.

Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi

Momwe mungafikire kumeneko

Nyumba yomaliza ya sultans ili mdera la Besiktas. Ndipo yankho la funso la momwe mungafikire ku Dolmabahce Palace lidzadalira kaye komwe mumayambira. Chifukwa chake, tikambirana za malo okaona malo otchuka komwe mungapite kukawona.

Kuchokera ku Sultanahmet Square

Mtunda wochokera ku Sultanahmet Square kupita kunyumba yachifumu ndi pafupifupi 5 km. Mutha kufika ku Dolmabahce kuchokera apa ndi tram line T 1 Bağılar - Kabataş, kulowera ku Kabataş. Muyenera kutsika pamalo omaliza, pambuyo pake muyenera kuyendanso mamita 900 kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa siteshoni ndipo mudzapezeka komweko. Muthanso kutenga basi ya TV 2, yomwe imayenda mphindi 5 zilizonse ndikuyima ma 400 mita kuchokera kunyumba yachifumu.

Kuchokera ku Taksim Square

Ulendo wopita kunyumba yachifumu kuchokera ku Taksim Square sutenga nthawi yayitali, chifukwa mtunda wapakati pa malowa ndi wopitilira 1.5 km. Kuti mufike ku Dolmabahce, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi monga mabasi a TV 1 ndi TV 2, omwe amachoka pakona mphindi 5 zilizonse ndikuyima pafupi ndi zomwe amakopazo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchokera ku Taksim kupita kunyumba yachifumu mutha kubwera pamzere wa F1 Taksim-Kabataş. Maulendo amayenda mphindi 5 zilizonse. Muyenera kutsika pa station ya Kabataş ndikuyenda mita 900 kupita kunyumba yachifumu.

Ngati mukukonzekera kuyenda mozungulira Istanbul ndi metro, mupeza kuti zothandiza kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Zambiri zothandiza

Adilesi yeniyeni: Vişnezade Mahallesi, Dolmabahçe Cd. Ayi: 2, 34357, chigawo cha Besiktas, Istanbul.

Maola otseguka Nyumba ya Dolmabahce ku Istanbul. Malowa amatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse kuyambira 9:00 mpaka 16:00. Maofesi a matikiti amatsekedwa 15:00. Masiku opumira ndi Lolemba ndi Lachinayi.

Mtengo wolowera. Tikufuna kukuwonetsani kuti mtengo wamatikiti opita ku Dolmabahce Palace ku Istanbul umasiyana malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna kukayendera. Mitengo yotsatirayi ikugwira ntchito ya 2018:

Nyumba yachifumu - 60 tl
Harem - 40 tl
Clock Museum - 20 tl
Nyumba Yachifumu + Harem + Clock Museum - 90 tl

Webusayiti: www.uchawankhalace.com

Zosangalatsa

Dolmabahce anali pampando wa oyang'anira asanu ndi mmodzi omaliza a Ufumu wa Ottoman.
Miyala yamtengo wapatali kwambiri idagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa nyumbayi, monga alabaster waku Egypt, marble a Marmara ndi porphyry ochokera ku Pergamo.
Nyumba yachifumu itangolamula kwambiri kuchokera kwa amisiri amzinda wa Hereke: sultan adalamula kuti apange makalapeti 131 opangidwa ndi manja a silika.
Dolmabahce imawerengedwa kuti ndi nyumba yachifumu yayikulu kwambiri ku Turkey malinga ndi dera.
Padishah nthawi zambiri ankaperekedwa ndi mphatso, ndipo imodzi mwazo inali mphatso yochokera kwa mfumu yaku Russia. Unali chikopa cha chikopa, choyambirira choyera, koma pambuyo pake chidapangidwa chakuda mwa lamulo la Sultan pazifukwa zomveka.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti khitchini yachifumu ili kunja kwa Dolmabahce momwemo munyumba ina. Ndipo pali mafotokozedwe a izi: amakhulupirira kuti kununkhira kwa chakudya kumasokoneza akuluakulu ndi Sultan pazinthu zaboma. Chifukwa chake, mulibe khitchini mnyumba yachifumu momwemo.

Malangizo Othandiza

Kuti ulendo wanu ku Dolmabahce Palace uyende bwino, takukonzerani malangizo angapo:

Pakhomo la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, mutha kutenga kalozera waulere waulere, ndikusiya zikalata kapena $ 100.
Osapitilira 3,000 omwe amaloledwa kulowa m'nyumba yachifumu patsiku, chifukwa chake pamakhala mizere yayitali kuofesi yamatikiti. Pofuna kupewa nthawi yayitali yodikirira, tikukulangizani kuti mufike m'mawa kwambiri.
Ulendo wathunthu wa Dolmabahce utenga maola awiri kapena atatu, choncho tengani nthawi yanu.
Pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu, pali malo odyera okhala ndi mitengo yotsika mtengo komanso malingaliro abwino a Bosphorus, omwe akuyenera kuyendera.
Mutha kufikira ku Dolmabahce ku Istanbul kokha ndiulendo. Kafukufuku wodziyimira payokha wa nyumbayi sizotheka. Werengani za maulendo ena ku Istanbul kuchokera kwa anthu akumaloko.

Zithunzi ndi kujambula kanema mkati mwa zokopa ndizoletsedwa: lamuloli limayang'aniridwa ndi alonda omwe savala mayunifolomu apadera, koma amayenda zovala wamba. Koma alendo ena amakwanitsabe kuti agwire mphindiyo ndikuwombera pang'ono. Mutha kuwerengera wogwira ntchito yosungiramo zinthu zakale posakhala ndi zokutira nsapato. Muyenera kudikira mpaka mutatuluka m'munda wake wamasomphenya, ndipo chithunzi chamtengo wapatali chakonzekera.
Onetsetsani kuti mwatenga timapepala taulere pakhomo: alinso ndi zambiri zosangalatsa za nyumba yachifumu.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti khadi yosungiramo zinthu zakale sikugwira ntchito ku Dolmabahce, chifukwa chake ngati nyumbayi ndiye malo okha omwe mungakonzekere ku Istanbul, ndiye kuti simuyenera kugula.

Kutulutsa

Nyumba ya Dolmabahce ingasinthe kumvetsetsa kwanu za kamangidwe ka Turkey mu Ottoman. Ngakhale kuti nyumbayi inamangidwa kalembedwe ka ku Ulaya, zolemba za kummawa zidakalipobe. Nyumba yachifumuyo idakhala ngati chiwonetsero cha Bosphorus yomwe, yomwe idalumikiza Europe ndi Asia ndikugwirizana mogwirizana miyambo yawo, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale chikhalidwe china.

Zambiri zothandiza pakuchezera nyumba yachifumu zimaperekedwanso muvidiyoyi.

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