Ndizosangalatsa. Gawo lirilonse malangizo a momwe mungamere ndi kusamalira duwa mu mbatata

Rose ndi mfumukazi yamaluwa ndipo ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino komanso zamitundu yambiri m'minda. Ngakhale kukongola kwakanthawi kwambiri, palibe wolima dimba m'modzi yemwe angadzitsutse yekha chisangalalo chokhazikitsa masamba okongola, osakhwima m'munda wake wakutsogolo, kuyambira maluwa ake omwe angakupatseni mpweya wabwino.

Nkhani yathu ikufotokoza momwe tingaphukire maluwa mu mbatata. Olima minda adzapeza apa mayankho a mafunso ambiri okhudzana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri ndi zodabwitsika zomwe zimachitika podula ndi kuzika maluwa.

Momwe mungamera maluwa mu mbatata?

Kuti mupeze chitsamba cha duwa, muyenera kudula cuttings, osachepera 0,5 cm m'mimba mwake (zimayambira zowonda kwambiri sizoyenera kukula) ndipo ndizotalika pafupifupi masentimita 15. Pomalizira pake, kudula kulikonse kuyenera kumamatira mu tuber yathanzi ndikubzala mumiphika. Njira zosavuta izi zithandizira kuti phesi likhale lolimba ndikupatsa zonse zomwe likufunikira kuti likule mwachangu (werengani za njira yosungira phesi la duwa mu mbatata, komanso njira zina pano).

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Njira yolimira duwa ndi cuttings ndiyosavuta, ndizovuta kwambiri kufalitsa duwa ndi mbewu kapena kumtengowo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zimayambira zobiriwira za mphukira - cuttings. Mukatsatira malangizowo onse, mudzatha kupeza tchire la maluwa ngakhale kuchokera kumaluwa operekedwa kutchuthi (momwe mungakulire duwa kuchokera kumaluwa omwe mudapatsidwa kapena kugula?).

Maluwa a cuttings ndi ovuta kwambiri, akabzalidwa pamalo otseguka, mwayi wouma tsinde ndi wabwino. Ndizosathekanso kumera phesi m'madzi, chomeracho chidzasowa mpweya ndipo chidzaola. Zikatero, mbatata wamba zimathandizira, zomwe zimapatsa tsinde gawo lofunikira la mpweya ndikusunga kudula kuchokera ku chinyezi chowonjezera.

Kutchulidwa. Njirayi sichimachitika pamitundu yonse yamaluwa, ina mwa iyo singalimidwe ndi mbatata (mwachitsanzo, kukwera maluwa). Njirayi ndi yothandiza pakukhazikika.

Choyipa china cha njirayi ndikuwopseza kuti maluwa sazika mizu panja pambuyo pobzala. Pafupifupi 15% yazomera sizingakhale ndi moyo ngakhale mizu ikukula.

Momwe mungafalikire kunyumba, sitepe ndi sitepe

Kukonzekera zowerengera

Kuti mumere maluwa kuchokera ku mbatata, simukusowa zida zina zowonjezera. Kudulira wamba, mpeni ndi spatula yaying'ono ndikwanira.

Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zofalitsa

Chisankhocho chiyenera kuchitidwa mozama kuti musawononge nthawi yanu ndi ntchito. Simungadule mphukira yosapsa. Ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi mphukira yakupsa - ndizovuta kwambiri kudula minga pa mphukira yosapsa. Zimakhala zovuta kumera duwa kuchokera ku cuttings ndi masamba osakhwima, nthawi zambiri samakhazikika.

Mukamayambitsa maluwa odulidwa, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti maluwawo amakula ku Russia, popeza ogulitsa akunja nthawi zambiri amatenga mdulidwewo ndi yankho lapadera posungira nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kulima kukhala kovuta kapena kosatheka.

Mbatata ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono, makamaka zomwe zakumbidwa posachedwa (mbatata zoterezi zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza komanso zopatsa thanzi), kukula kwake, osakhala ndi kuwola kapena matenda.

Kukonzekera maluwa ndi mbatata

Ili ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakukula duwa labwino. Kuti zonse ziyende bwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo:

1. Dulani zidutswazo ndi chodulira chakuthwa, ndikusiya chodulidwa chapamwamba molunjika ndikudula pansi mozungulira pamadigiri a 45 kuti zisakhale zomata mbatata. Olima wamaluwa odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti asiye masamba angapo pamwamba pa tsinde ndikuchotsa masamba onse apansi.

Zofunika! Mitengo itatu iyenera kutsalira. Dulani limalimbikitsidwa kuti lizichita masentimita awiri pansi pa impso.Dulalo lapamwamba limakhala pamtunda wa 1 cm pamwamba pa impso.

2. Kenako ma cuttings amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate ndikusiya maola 12 mu msuzi wa aloe (uchi akhoza kuwonjezeredwa) kuti ulimbikitse kukula. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma biostimulants omwe agulidwa - Kornevin kapena Giley. Pambuyo pake, cuttings wa duwa ayenera kusungidwa mu heteroauxin yankho kwa tsiku limodzi.
3. Chotsatira ndi nthawi yokonzekera mbatata zomwe mwasankha. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kudula maso onse kuti muteteze kumera.

Kusamalira ndi kutentha

1. Zonse zikakonzeka, ikani phesi lililonse mu mbatata yosiyana ndi kumapeto kwake, chakuthwa kumapeto kwa theka ndikubzala mopanda mphika, ndikuyika pansi pamphika ndikusakanikirana ndi dothi. Kuthirira koyamba kuyenera kuchitika ndi njira yosakwanira ya potaziyamu permanganate.
2. Maluwa akuluakulu amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, ndipo ndikofunikanso kudzaza ma tubers ndi yankho la shuga kamodzi pa sabata (supuni 1 pa tiyi ya madzi). Patsani mbewu nthawi zonse chifukwa ndi bwino kuzula pamalo opanda chinyezi.
3. Shank iyenera kusungidwa pansi pa botolo ndikupatsidwa kuyatsa bwino. Masamba opunthira sayenera kukhudzana ndi galasi la mtsuko.

Mphukira zoyamba zimatha kuyembekezeredwa m'mwezi umodzi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kale.

Patatha milungu iwiri mutabzala, muyenera kuchotsa botolo mwachidulekulimitsa mbewu ku chilengedwe. Choyamba, mtsukowo umakwezedwa pang'ono ndikukhazikika. Poterepa, duwa limayamba kudziwika bwino panja. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kuwonjezera nthawi kuti mumvetse bwino maluwawo, ndipo pakatha sabata imodzi botolo limatha kuchotsedwa palimodzi. Itha kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, koma pambuyo pa theka la mwezi, ikani nthawi.

Timapereka kuti tiwone phunziro lavidiyo pamutu woti tichotseretu duwa mu mbatata:

Kukhazikika panja m'dzinja kapena masika

Tsopano, pamene phesi silikusowa kutetezedwa ndi mtsuko, limakhala lokonzeka kubzala kumtunda. Ngati Mphukira wapezeka pa tsinde msanga, uyenera kuchotsedwa. Hafu ya mwezi musanabzalidwe, ndibwino kuti muyambe kuumitsa chomeracho, chifukwa ndikwanira kutengera panja kwa maola angapo.

Chenjezo! Mutha kubzala nthawi yachaka, kuti mupeze chitsamba chachikulu pakugwa, kapena kugwa, kuti chomeracho chikhale ndi nthawi yolimba ndikukhazikika. Malowa ndi otseguka, otetezedwa bwino ku mphepo.

1. Pakubzala, pamafunika dzenje lakuya masentimita 20-30. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudzaza pansi pa dzenje ndi mchenga kuti mbatata zisagundane ndi nthaka, izi zithandiza kupewa kuvunda kwa tuber ndipo, chifukwa chake, zimayambira. Kenako timayikamo zodulirazo. Ngati mubzala maluwa pafupi, ndiye kuti pakukula mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala masentimita 15.
2. Timadzaza dzenjelo ndi nthaka, ndikusiya kolayo ya mizu masentimita angapo kuchokera pamwamba, ndikupondaponda pang'ono. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga chinyezi chanthaka, kupanga madzi okwanira pafupipafupi kuti zivunda zisayambe.
3. Kwa kanthawi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusunga chomeracho, chomwe chimabzalidwa mu mbatata, pansi pa chidebe chokhala ndi bowo (botolo wamba la pulasitiki lokhala ndi chivindikiro chosatsegulidwa lizichita) kuti chomeracho chizolowere, koma sichimachotsa mpweya. M'nyengo yotentha, pewani kunyezimira kowonera mbewu. Pakakhala mitambo, botolo liyenera kuchotsedwa.

   Chomera chikayamba kulimba (izi zimatha kutenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi), sichidzafunikanso pogona.

4. M'nyengo yozizira, maluwa obzalidwa amatetezedwa kuzizira, pomwe kutentha kwa usiku kumatsika mpaka madigiri 5 pansi pa ziro. Mizu iyenera kubisika pansi pa mulch wa organic (udzu wouma, masamba, udzu, udzu, makungwa, utuchi), ndipo kudula komweko kuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zina zolimba (polyethylene, nsalu yamafuta).
5. Chaka choyamba mbande sizidulidwa.

ZOKHUDZA

Zotsatira

Maluwa oyamba ayamba miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Yang'anirani chomeracho ndipo, popeza mwapeza mphamvu, idzasangalala ndi maluwa ake okongola.

Chithunzi

Chifukwa chake, tidasanthula gawo ndi sitepe njirayi kuti tikule duwa, kenako pachithunzicho mutha kuwona momwe maluwa omwe adabzalidwa mu mbatata amawonekera.

Kukula kovuta

Kukula maluwa kuchokera pakucheka ndi njira yomwe imafunikira kuleza mtima komanso chidwi. Pakumera, munthu sanganyalanyaze malamulo aliwonse, apo ayi chomeracho sichidzapulumutsidwa.

• Onetsetsani chinyezi cha nthaka ndi momwe zidulidwazo zilili. Ngati phesi lasandulika lakuda chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira, simuyenera kukumba, nthawi zina nthawi yotentha maluwa amakhala amoyo.
• Malo obzala maluwawo amatha kuwuluka, koma, nthawi yomweyo, chitsamba sichiyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu.
• Komanso, cuttings sayenera kubzalidwa m'malo omwe maluwa akhala akukula kwanthawi yayitali - dothi limatha kuchepa ndikutenga matenda a fungal.
• Nthaka iyenera kulimidwa musanadzalemo, apo ayi ingakhazikika pamodzi ndi chomeracho. Maluwawo adzawoneka ngati opanda pake, owuma ndipo sakhalitsa.
• Olima wamaluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti oyamba kumene asankhe mitundu yamaluwa yosamva, chifukwa ena amatha kutenga kachilomboka. Kupopera mankhwala ndi fungicide kudzakuthandizani kupewa izi, koma kupewa kotereku ndikokwera mtengo komanso koteteza chilengedwe.

Maluwa ndi okongola kwambiri, pakukula komwe kuli mitundu yambiri yazofunikira. Ndizovuta kuzisunga zonse, koma kwa wamaluwa weniweni omwe angatsatire malingaliro onse, duwa limapereka fungo lokoma losaneneka komanso kukongola kokongola kwa masamba ake osaneneka.

Onerani kanemayo: Dua is an Act of Worship (Mulole 2024).