Postojna Jama - mapanga apadera ku Slovenia
Pafupi ndi likulu la Slovenia Ljubljana, makilomita 55 okha, ndi tawuni ya Postojna. Pafupi ndi tawuniyi pali phanga lalikulu la karst lotchedwa Postojnska kapena Postojna Jama (Slovenia). Mawu oti "dzenje" m'dzina ili sayenera kusokoneza, chifukwa mu Chisiloveniya amatanthauza "phanga".
Postojnska Jama ndimapangidwe odabwitsa apansi panthaka mumwala wa karst, womangidwa mwachilengedwe, makamaka, ndi madzi amtsinje wa Pivka wawung'ono osati wodabwitsa. Mowa umadutsa m'phanga palokha - apa njira yake imatha mamita 800, imatha kuwonedwa pafupi ndi mapanga, mutha kuwona komwe madzi amapita mobisa.
Kutalika kwa ndime zonse zophunziridwa za phanga la Postojna Yama ku Slovenia ndi makilomita 25. Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, mwala wolimba kwambiri wopangidwa ndi zinthu zolemera wapangidwa: malo ogwiritsira ntchito ma tunnel, ma tunnel, ma passage ndi ma descents, ma ascents ndi maenje, ma dips, maholo ndi tambirimbiri, stalactites ndi nyanja, mitsinje yomwe imayenda mobisa.
Kodi ndiyenera kunena kuti kukongola kwachilengedwe kumeneku kumadzutsa chidwi ndikumakopa chidwi cha alendo ambiri? Postojnska Jama, amodzi mwamapanga okongola kwambiri komanso osamvetsetseka ku Slovenia, alandila alendo ochulukirapo pazaka 200 zapitazi - kuchuluka kwawo kwafika 38 miliyoni.
Maulendo ku Postojna Pit
Mu 1818, panali ma 300 metres angapo amphanga omwe alendo amayendera, ndipo tsopano ndikotheka kuyendera ma kilomita opitilira 5 azomwe amabisala pansi paulendo wopitilira ola limodzi ndi theka.
Pafupifupi nthawi zonse pali anthu ambiri omwe amafuna kuwona Postojna Yama, ndipo ndibwino kuti mufike potsegulira - mwina sipadzakhala mizere pakadali pano. Kulowera kuphanga kumachitika magawo, mphindi 30 zilizonse. Ndendende panthawi yomwe tikiti, alendo amalowa ndikukwera sitimayo mobisa - ndi momwe ulendowu umayambira.
Mpaka 1878, alendo amangoyang'ana phanga pansi. Kwa zaka 140 zapitazi, apaulendo abweretsedwa pakatikati pa Dzenje la Postojna ndi sitima - ulendo wake wamakilomita 3.7 ukuyambira papulatifomu yapadera, osati mosiyana ndi sitima yayikulu. Gawo loyenda la ulendowu limatenga ola limodzi, kenako, mwanjira yomweyo, aliyense amabwerera kokwerera sitima yapansi panthaka ndikutuluka m'phanga kupita padzuwa.
Malo oyamba pomwe sitimayo imabweretsa alendo ndi Cave Old - mu 1818 idapezeka ndi Slovak Luka Chec, yemwe amakhala pafupi. A Cavers komanso akatswiri ofukula zakale adachita chidwi ndi phangalo, omwe adatha kuwona magawo ena, omwe sanazindikiridwe kale. Postojna Yama ili ndi zipinda zambiri zachilendo, koma holo yamisonkhano imawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo lokongola komanso lotchuka kwambiri. Kukula kwake kwakukulu, makoma okutidwa ndi mwala wosalala modabwitsa komanso zomvekera bwino zimapanga mwambowu ndikukhazikika. Pa tchuthi cha Khrisimasi, pamakhala mtengo waukulu mu Nyumba Ya Misonkhano ndipo ziwonetsero zozikidwa mitu ya m'Baibulo zimawonetsedwa, limodzi ndi nyimbo zanyengo ndi kuyatsa kokongola.
Stalagmite wosangalatsa komanso wodabwitsa mu labyrinth yonse yamapanga ndi "Daimondi" - mawonekedwe apaderaderawa a 5-mita amiyala yoyera yoyera amawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha mapanga. "Daimondi" idapangidwa m'malo moyenda mitsinje yamadzi kuchokera kudenga, yomwe imadzaza ndi calcite. Chomalizachi chimapangitsa mapangidwe awa kukhala oyera komanso owala modabwitsa.
Musanalowe m'phanga la Postojna Yama, matikiti osiyana a vivarium akhoza kugulidwa. Koma palibe chifukwa choti mulowemo - cholengedwa chosangalatsa kwambiri m'derali chimakhala m'phanga momwemo. Tikulankhula za European Proteus. Proteus ndi amphibiya wofanana ndi buluzi, wamtali wa mita 0.3, koma osalala kwathunthu. Ndi mitundu yokhayo yamtundu wambiri ku Europe yomwe imangokhala mobisa. Proteus chamoyo chimasinthidwa kukhala malo amdima, ndipo chinyama ichi sichingayime ndi dzuwa. Anthu akomweko amatcha okhala mobisawa "nsomba amuna" ndi "nsomba zamunthu".
Pambuyo paulendo wa Postojna Pit, mutha kupita kumalo ogulitsira zinthu - pali zambiri. Katundu wamkulu wamasitolowa amatengera zodzikongoletsera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zopangidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, miyala yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wapatali komanso zokumbutsa zofananira.
Maola otsegulira mapanga ndi mtengo wakuchezera
Tsiku lililonse, ngakhale patchuthi chapagulu, malo ovomerezeka a Postojna Yama (Slovenia) amadikirira alendo - maola otsegulira ndi awa:
- Januware - Marichi: 10:00, 12:00, 15:00;
- mu Epulo: 10:00 - 12:00, 14:00 - 16:00;
- mu Meyi - Juni: 09:00 - 17:00;
- mu Julayi - Ogasiti: 09:00 - 18:00;
- mu Seputembala: 09:00 - 17:00;
- mu Okutobala: 10:00 - 12:00, 14:00 - 16:00;
- Novembala - Disembala: 10:00, 12:00, 15:00.
Muyenera kulipira matikiti paulendo wopita kuphanga:
- akuluakulu 25.80 €;
- kwa ana azaka zopitilira 15 komanso kwa ophunzira € 20.60;
- kwa ana azaka zapakati pa 5 mpaka 15, € 15.50;
- kwa ana ochepera zaka 5 1.00 €.
Mitengo ndi yovomerezeka kwa Januware 2018. Kuyenera kwake kungapezeke patsamba la www.postojnska-jama.eu/en/.
Mitengo yamatikiti ndi ya munthu m'modzi ndipo imaphatikizira inshuwaransi yangozi yayikulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawu omvera. Maphunziro a zomvetsera amapezeka m'zinenero zambiri, kuphatikizapo Chirasha.
Malo oimika magalimoto kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo amakhala 4 € patsiku. Kwa alendo omwe amakhala ku Postojna Cave Hotel Jama, kuyimitsa magalimoto kumakhala kwaulere.
Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi
Malangizo Othandiza
Phanga la Postojna si malo osangalatsa kwambiri malinga ndi nyengo. Kutentha sikukwera pamwamba +10 - +12 ° С, ndipo chinyezi chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri.
Alendo omwe akupita kukafufuza labyrinths yapansi panthaka samangofunikira kuvala motentha, komanso kuvala nsapato zabwino, momwe zingayenderere m'njira zonyowa. Pakhomo la zokopa za 3.5 € mutha kubwereka mtundu wamvula.
Momwe mungafikire ku Postojna Yama
Postojna Jama (Slovenia) ili pamtunda wa makilomita 55 kuchokera ku Ljubljana. Pagalimoto yochokera ku likulu la Slovenia, muyenera kuyenda mumsewu waukulu wa A1, mukuyenda molowera ku Koper ndi Trieste mpaka potembenukira ku Postojna, ndikutsatira zikwangwani. Kuchokera ku Trieste, tengani mseu waukulu wa A3, woyang'ana ku Divac, kenako ndikutenga msewu wa A1 wopita ku Postojny.
Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi
Kanema wonena za Postojna Pit.