Tekinoloje ndi njira zobzala ginger pamalo otseguka. Chisamaliro choyamba pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi

Olima kwambiri, olima minda amafuna kupeza zokolola za ginger pamalo awo. Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa momwe angabzalidwe moyenera. Pachifukwa ichi, wamaluwa amakhala ndi mafunso ambiri.

Kodi ndizotheka kukulitsa muzu tuber ku Russia? Nchiyani chofunikira pa izi? Momwe mungapewere zolakwitsa zambiri ndikukolola bwino? Mayankho a mafunso awa ali pansipa munkhaniyi.

Kodi zonunkhira zingabzalidwe panja?

Ginger ndi chomera chachilendo chomwe chimalimidwa kwambiri ku India ndi South Asia, zigawo zokhala ndi nyengo zotentha. Zomwe zili pakatikati pa Russia kapena madera ake akumpoto sizili kutali ndi zomwe zili ku Indian subcontinent, chifukwa chake Kukula kwa ginger kunja kumatheka kokha kumadera akumwera a dzikolo.

Kutentha kwakukulu ndi chinyezi cham'mlengalenga chimalola wolima dimba kukolola tuber ya ginger pakama pomwepo:

• ku Crimea;
• m'dera la Krasnodar;
• ku Caucasus;
• kum'mwera kwa Ukraine;
• ku Moldova.

Zofunika! Ndikoyenera kulima ginger nthawi yayitali kapena kumpoto kwa Russia mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kunyumba pawindo.

Nthawi yokwera

Nthawi yokula ya ginger ndi miyezi 8-10 (Kutengera zosiyanasiyana). Mukamabzala muzu panja, nyengo imayenera kuganiziranso za nyengo:

• ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu choyamba mu Seputembara-Okutobala, ndibwino kukonzekera kubzala kumapeto kwa Januware - koyambirira kwa Marichi;
• ngati chiwonetsero chozizira chikuyembekezeka mu Okutobala - Novembala, ndiye kuti ginger iyenera kubzalidwa mu Marichi;
• mukamakula mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pawindo, kubzala kumatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Poyamba, muzu ungabzalidwe mumphika wamba wamaluwa, ndipo ndikutentha (kuyambira - kumapeto kwa Meyi), ndikuziyika pamalo otseguka ndikudutsa. Mutha kuchitanso chimodzimodzi ndi chimfine chozizira mwadzidzidzi: kukumba muzu pamodzi ndi chotengera chadothi ndikuzibzala mumtsuko wopepuka, womwe umayenera kusamutsidwa kuchipinda chotentha.

Gome lakunja la ginger

Dzina	Kufotokozera	ubwino	Zovuta
Waku Australia	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani azakudya, makamaka m'makampani opanga ma confectionery	Wokoma mokwanira ndi kununkhira kwa mandimu kowala	Zamkati zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba
Wachiafrika	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zonunkhira komanso popanga mafuta ofunikira	Kukomako kumayang'aniridwa ndi zolemba zaukali	Ali ndi fungo lamasamba kwambiri
Mmwenye	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ndi mankhwala	Ndimu yogwirizana kukoma	Kapangidwe kabwino
Chitchaina	Ali ndi kapangidwe kofewa, kamene kamagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani azakudya ndi mankhwala	Kukoma kokoma kokoma	Muli nayitrogeni dioxide
Chaku Jamaican	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ngati zonunkhira kapena zopangira pazakudya zambiri	Wosakhwima ndi watsopano fungo	Kukhazikika, kolimba kwamkati

Malangizo ndi tsatane-tsatane: mungabzale bwanji moyenera?

Chiwerengero chofunikira

• Kugwira ntchito kumunda muyenera kukonza fosholo, ngalande, mchenga ndi chidebe chothirira ndi madzi.
• Za kubzala mbewu - chidebe chokhala ndi mbali ya masentimita 8-10, botolo la kutsitsi, dothi, ngalande, galasi kapena kanema.
• Kukula kwa mizu - mphika wokulirapo komanso wosazama, kuthirira, mpeni, dothi, mpweya woyambitsa, ngalande, mchenga.

Pofuna kupewa matenda amtsogolo omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizipangira zida zonse ndi zotengera ndi siponji yothiridwa mowa.

Kusankha malo mdziko kapena patsamba

Kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri, posankha malo obzala, pali zifukwa zingapo zofunika kuziganizira:

• Iyenera kutetezedwa momwe zingathere ku mphepo, ma drafts (pafupi ndi khoma la nyumba ya pafamu kapena pafupi ndi tchire).
• Malowo ayenera kukhala owala bwino, koma osawunikiridwa ndi dzuwa (apo ayi chomeracho chidzafunika shading). Mthunzi pang'ono ndi wovomerezeka.
• Zili bwino ngati manyowa obiriwira, komanso anyezi ndi adyo, anafesedwa pamalowo asanadye ginger.

Kukonzekera kwa nthaka

Kukula kwathunthu ndikukula, muzu umafunikira nthaka yathanzi, mpweya komanso chinyezi: iyenera kubzalidwa munthaka wosakanizidwa wokonzedwa ndi tsamba la humus, mchenga, peat, turf mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 1: 1: 1, motsatana. Manyowa m'nyengo yozizira (manyowa, humus, urea) amangopindulitsa chomera chamtsogolo.

Kukonzekera kubzala zinthu

Kutengera njira yobereketsa, zitha kugulidwa:

• Mphepete - pakatikati ka munda kapena malo ogulitsira pa intaneti. Mtengo wapakati wa kugula koteroko umasiyana ma ruble 200 (Moscow) mpaka 250 rubles (St. Petersburg).
• Mbewu zabwino ndizovuta kuzipeza, chifukwa chake kuli bwino kupanga zosaka m'masitolo apadera ogulitsa zinthu zotsimikizika. Pakubzala, muyenera kulipira pafupifupi ma ruble 150 pa mbewu 10 za Muscovites ndi ruble 170 zidutswa 10. Petersburgers.

Malangizo! Mukamagula muzu woyenera kubzala, muyenera kulabadira mawonekedwe ake: uyenera kukhala utoto wagolide wagolide, wosalala, wowala pamwamba komanso wosanjikiza.

Njira

Momwe mungabzalidwe ndi mbewu:

1. Lembani nyemba kwa theka la ola mu njira ya Fitosporin, nthawi yomweyo, yatsani nthaka mu uvuni (+ 180-200C).
2. Dzazani pansi pa chidebe chotetezedwacho ndi sentimita imodzi ya ngalande, kenako nthaka.
3. Sungunulani nthaka ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
4. Bzalani mbewu pamwamba pa nthaka, kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 3-5 pakati pawo.
5. Sakanizani nyembazo ndi dothi kapena mchenga wochepa (makulidwe - osapitirira 0,5 cm).
6. Phimbani chidebecho ndi galasi kapena zojambulazo ndikuyika pamalo owala komanso ofunda (+ 23-25C).

Kudzala mizu ya tubers:

1. Lembani muzu wa tuber mu njira ya Fitosporin kwa mphindi 30, ndikuyatsa nthaka mu uvuni (+ 180-200C) kwa theka la ola.
2. Mukachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tsitsani muzu m'madzi ofunda usiku wonse kuti "mudzutse" impso.
3. Ikani muzu mu thumba la pulasitiki loyera ndikuyika pounikira.
4. Dulani muzuwo m'magawo angapo (5-8 cm), gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi maso osapota awiri.
5. Dulani malo osungunulira ndi kaboni wosweka.
6. Dzazani mphika 1/3 wokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ngalande ndi 2/3 ndi dothi.
7. Ikani gawo la mizu ya tuber m'nthaka theka, ndikuyika mphukira mmwamba, kenako nkuwaza kwathunthu ndi dothi losanjikiza masentimita 2-3.
8. Fukani nthaka ndi madzi ambiri otentha.

Kudzala mizu yotuluka:

1. Kumbani dzenje lodzala (pafupifupi 20 cm).
2. Dzazani pansi pa dzenje ndi ngalande (2 cm yamiyala kapena dongo lokulitsa ndi 2 cm wamchenga wamtsinje wolimba).
3. Mzere wotsatirawo ndi wosakaniza ndi nthaka, womwe uyenera kutayidwa kwambiri ndi madzi.
4. Chotsani muzu wophukirayo pamodzi ndi chotengera chadothi mumphikawo ndikuyika mosamala mu dzenje lokonzedwa.
5. Lembani zotsalira zotsalazo ndi zotsalira za nthaka.
6. Dulani nthaka ndi kanjedza, konzani chomeracho m'munsi.

Chisamaliro chapadera

Mbewu imawombera

Mbeu zophuka zimafuna mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku. (kukweza galasi kapena kanema kwa mphindi 20-30) ndikuwaza madzi otentha ochokera mu botolo la utsi. Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri - 4, galasi loteteza liyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndikofunika kusakaniza mbande tsiku lililonse 1-2.

Zofunika! Pambuyo pa tsamba loyamba lenileni, mbande zimamizidwa ndikubzala mumiphika iliyonse.

Zoyenera kuchita pamene muzu umamera mumphika?

Popeza chomeracho chidamera kale, chidebecho chokhala ndi muzu wophuka chimayikidwa pamalo otentha (pafupifupi + 20-23C) ndi malo owala, koma opanda dzuwa. Chomeracho chimafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse: nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, koma kuchepa kwa chinyezi pamizu sikuyenera kuloledwa, apo ayi njira zowola zimatha kuyamba. Nthawi zambiri, muzu wakunyumba umathiriridwa masiku atatu kapena atatu.

Posakhalitsa musanabzala pamalo otseguka, ngati zoterezi zakonzedwa, mphika wokhala ndi mmera umayenera kutulutsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kupita kwa mpweya wabwino kwa maora 1.5 - 2, pambuyo pake nthawiyo itha kukulitsidwa mpaka maola 5-6 "owumitsa".

Dongosolo la umuna silimasiyana ndi mbewu zina: Pakukula kwamitengo yayikulu, chomeracho chimafuna mavitamini okhala ndi nayitrogeni, popanga maluwa ndi kupanga zipatso - potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji chomera panja?

Kuthirira nthawi yomweyo mutabzala kumachitika pafupipafupi - kamodzi pakatha masiku 2-3, bola kulibe mpweya wabwino. Mbewuyo ikadzavomerezedwa, kuthirira kumayenera kuchepetsedwa (masiku 4-5 aliwonse). Yankho labwino ndi njira yothirira yothirira m'dera la ginger.

Mwadongosolo, nthaka yoyandikira mphukira iyenera kumasulidwa (kamodzi masiku 7-10, koma maola 24 mutathirira), ndipo akafika kutalika kwa masentimita 20, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala spud (kamodzi pamasiku 10).

Ginger amafunika kudyetsedwa. Akatswiri amalangiza kuwonjezera chomera chachinyamata masiku 10-15 aliwonse ndi mullein (1:10), ndipo, kuyambira mu Julayi, ndi superphosphate kapena phulusa lamatabwa.

Ndi zolakwitsa ziti zomwe zingakhalepo?

• Mphukira sizimawoneka kwa nthawi yayitali, palibe zisonyezo zakukula... Zodzala zopanda pake zidagulidwa kapena tuber idayikidwa m'manda nthawi yobzala.
• Chomeracho chimakula bwino, sichimakula... Zomwe mphukira imapezeka sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira: kusowa kwa kuwala, kukhalapo kwa gulu.
• Masamba owuma... Zomwe zingayambitse kuwala kwa dzuwa pamasamba kwa maola angapo tsiku lililonse kapena kuthirira kokwanira.
• Masamba amasanduka achikasu... Chinyezi chochulukirapo chomwe chikumira mumizu chingayambitse kuvunda, komwe masamba ake amasintha mtundu wawo.
• Kugonjetsedwa kwa mmera ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana komanso matenda... Chochitika chofananachi chingayambidwe chifukwa chakusowa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, dothi komanso tuber palokha.

Ginger ndi chomera chodzichepetsera: pochita zingapo zosamalira, mudzadzipezera zokolola za mizu yothandiza yomwe imakula kutchire.

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