Katundu wa mphira wapamwamba kwambiri wa sofa, mitundu yake ndi zopangidwa

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Makampani amakono a mipando amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri yazida zopangira, zachilengedwe komanso zopangira, monga kudzaza ma sofas. Koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsira ntchito thovu la polyurethane, lomwe limadziwika bwino kwa ogula ambiri ngati mphira wa thovu. Nkhaniyi yakhala yotchuka kuyambira kalekale; pazaka zomwe idakhalapo, yasintha kwambiri ndipo yasinthidwa bwino kwambiri. Nthawi zina opanga amaphatikiza mphira wa thovu wa sofa ndi ma analogs ena - padding polyester, latex, kumva, koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza komweko kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndi zabwino ndi zovuta ziti zomwe PPU ili nazo, momwe zimakhudzira magwiridwe antchito a mipando, ziyenera kumvedwa ndi aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito sofa yabwino.

Makhalidwe azinthu zabwino

Kuti mipando yolimbikitsidwayo isatayike ndi zinthu zake zoyambirira pakapita nthawi, mukamagula, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zimadzaza. Poyamba ndi kachulukidwe ka mphira wa thovu wolowetsa sofa, iyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiritso cha 22 kg / m3. Pachifukwa ichi, moyo wautumiki wa sofa udzakhala wautali, mipando idzatha kupirira katundu wochuluka. Chizindikiro chachiwiri chofunikira kwambiri ndikulimba kwa mphira wothira sofa, kuyenera kukhala osachepera 4 cm.

Opanga omwe amanyalanyaza miyezo, mtundu wa mipando ndiyotsika, chifukwa chake moyo wake umachepa kwambiri.

Mipando yotsika mtengo imapangidwa ndi mphira wonenepa kwambiri. Mtundu uwu wa thovu wa polyurethane uli ndi mawonekedwe angapo "owomba makeke". M'mawu achikale, ili ndi pepala locheperako locheperako komanso gawo locheperako, lomwe limakhazikika. Sitimayo yapamwamba imapereka chitonthozo chapamwamba, pomwe malo otsika amapereka chithandizo chotetezeka. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zoterezi ndi zodula, zimafunikira pakupanga mipando, chifukwa zimatsimikizira kuti ndizopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri.

Pakadali pano, kutakasuka kwa kama sikudalira nthawi zonse kukula kwake kapena kufewa kwake. Njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira mafupa imaperekedwa ma sheet a thovu atapirira pang'ono komanso otanuka. Chifukwa chake, mukamagula mipando yolimbikitsidwa, muyenera kumvera chizindikiro cha chitonthozo. Pali chizoloŵezi cha kuuma kolimba kwambiri kuti kusinthidwe ndi ma analogs omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Matenda a mafupa amakhala ndi mphira wa thovu wa sofa m'chipinda chochezera chosachepera 30 kg / m3. Kumbuyo, kudzazidwa kwa 25-30 kg / m3 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Kuchulukaku kumakhala ndi malire a 60-80 kg. Pazikhalidwe zapamwamba, palibe zoletsa pazapanikizika.

Kuti muwonjezere chitonthozo, zinthuzo zimaphatikizidwa ndi mapepala a HS ofewa komanso ofewa.

Zosiyanasiyana

Thovu labala ndi mpukutu zimasiyana pakufewa komanso kuuma. Zamgululi ndi:

Zofewa - mtundu uwu wazodzaza ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu mipando pokhapokha pophatika ndi thovu lolimba. Ndiwo thovu losalala kwambiri la polyurethane (PUF), lomwe limapereka chilimbikitso chowonjezeka kuzinthu zomalizidwa. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ndikudziyimira pawokha pazinthuzo, katundu wolengedwa sangadutse 60 kg.
Olimba - okhwima, amatha kupirira katundu wolemera mpaka 100 kg.
Kuchuluka kuuma - mkulu-chinthu chimodzimodzi polyurethane thovu akhoza kupirira misa oposa 100 makilogalamu.
Kutsekemera ndi chitonthozo chowonjezeka - mphira wa thovu ndi woyenera kwambiri kwa mipando yolumikizidwa yopangira tulo. Mutha kupumula bwino pamtunda wotere.
Kutambasula ndi mafupa - mankhwalawa amadziwika ndi mankhwala, chifukwa amachepetsa katundu pamagulu onse amthupi.

Thovu lamatenda okhala ndi mafupa "amasintha" kwa aliyense payekhapayekha, chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha zomwe zili pagulu lolemera la ogula.

Zovuta

Zofewa

Mipando ya thovu

Kupanga kwamakono kumagwiritsa ntchito masukulu otsatirawa a PPU:

ST ndi zinthu zopangira zomwe zimakhala ndi polima ngati polyol (polyesters). Kukhazikika kwa zinthu kumatheka posankha kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimapangidwa. Zotsatira zake ndi mapepala omwe amasiyana pamikhalidwe. Kwenikweni, mitundu iwiri ya polyol imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
EL - kuchuluka kukhazikika.
HL - yolimba, yopangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yama polyols.
HS - yofewa komanso yofewa kwambiri. Polyester yapadera m'malo mwa ST kapena kuwonjezera pamenepo imakhudzidwa ndikupanga.
HR - kukwera kwambiri. Zolembazo zili ndi ma polyols m'mitundu iwiri kapena itatu.
Special - osati kuyaka, ndi viscoelastic.

Kupanga kwa mtundu woyamba kumaphatikizapo ufa wapadera wa melamine, PHD polyols kuchokera ku Bayer, zotsekemera zamoto monga zowonjezera. Kukana kwamoto kumaperekedwa ndi melamine, nthawi yomweyo kumakhudzanso katundu wa thovu lamipando. Masukulu a Viscoelastic amakhala ndi ma polyesters ndi isocyanates.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yodzaza mipando ndi iyi:

HS2520 - kulimbitsa monolithic kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo kwa sofa ndi katundu wa 80 kg;
HS3030 - kulemera kwakukulu kwa 100 kg;
HS3530 ndiye mphira wabwino kwambiri wa mipando yolumikizidwa, mipando yakumbuyo yokhala ndi makilogalamu 100 amapangidwa ndi iyo, ndi mipando - 80 kg.

Thovu la thovu limadziwika malinga ndi zisonyezo za 3: mtundu, kachulukidwe ndi kuuma... Mwachitsanzo, kalasi ya EL2540 ndi pepala lolimba, lomwe kachulukidwe kake ndi 25 kg / m3, kulimba kwake mpaka 3.2 kPa.

Wapadera

Zamgululi

Zolinga zosankha

Kusankha mphira wapamwamba kwambiri wa sofa, ndikofunikira kulabadira magawo otsatirawa:

Kuchulukitsitsa. Zimakhudza mwachindunji nthawi yogwira ntchito. Chizindikirocho chinalandira dzina lina - "mawonekedwe owoneka bwino", popeza mawonekedwe am'chipindacho amapereka kukhalapo kwa magulu amlengalenga. Mwazina, kuchuluka kwa thovu la mipando kumakhudza kwambiri kupsinjika. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndi 25 kg / m3, ndiye kuti chizindikirochi chiyenera kukhala 4 kPa.
Kutanuka, komwe kumakhudza kuthekera kokwanira kukhala bwino pamasofa. Chizindikiro chimatsimikizika kugwiritsa ntchito mpira wapadera kugwa kuchokera kutalika. Popitilira apo imachoka pachitsanzo chodzaza thovu, kutsika kwake kumakhala kochepa.
Kupanikizika - kupsinjika kumawonetsera mulingo wouma kwa mapepala a thovu. Malinga ndi ISO 3386 DIN 5377, chiwerengerochi chimathandiza kudziwa mphamvu (kPa) yogwiritsidwa ntchito kupondereza pepalalo ndi 40%.
Kusintha kwamuyaya (kupotoza) - kumawonetsa kuthekera kwa zinthuzo kuti zikhalebe momwe zidapangidwira ndikuwonekera munthawi yonse yogwira. Chofunikira chachikulu chimaperekedwa pa mipira ya thovu la mipando - iyenera kukhala ndi zotsika zochepa.
Kulimba kumapereka kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kutalika pang'ono.
Chitonthozo chimatsimikizira momwe zimakhalira zosangalatsa kukhudza pamwamba.
Chiwerengero chothandizira chikuwonetsa kuthekera kwa kudzaza kuti igwiritse mawonekedwe ake ndikugawa katundu wopangidwa.

Kuchuluka kwa mphira wa thovu kumatha kusiyanasiyana ngakhale atapanga. Mwachitsanzo, mapepala akakhala opotoka kwa nthawi yayitali poyenda, kupsinjika kumachepa mpaka 3.4-3.5 kPa.

Kusintha mphira wa thovu mu sofa ndi ntchito yotsika mtengo, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti muziyambiranso kulipira mipando yabwino komanso yolimba, chifukwa, monga mukudziwa, simungasunge ndalama.