Malangizo osamalira: momwe mungasungire fuchsia m'chipinda chapansi ndi nyumba m'nyengo yozizira, komanso matenda omwe angathe
Fuchsia ndi duwa lochokera kubanja la Cyprus lomwe limakula ku South ndi Central America. Chomera chokhala ndi masamba omwe amawoneka ngati nyali yaku China chimakondedwa ndi olima maluwa, koma safulumira kugula. Amayimitsidwa ndi kusakhazikika pochoka, makamaka, kufunika kopanga zochitika zapadera kupumula.
Kodi chomera chimazizira bwanji? Chochita ndi momwe mungakonzekere duwa m'nyengo yozizira? Mayankho a mafunso onsewa mupeza m'nkhaniyi.
Zolemba ndi mawonekedwe okonzekera nyengo yozizira
Fuchsia ndi chomera cha nyengo. Masika-nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yakukula mwachangu, maluwa ndi kuberekana, ndipo nthawi yozizira imangokhala. Imafunika kuyatsa bwino chaka chonse, koma nthawi yozizira imathiriridwa kawirikawiri, kuletsa kuti chikomokere chadothi chisaume ndi 100% ndi khwinya makungwa. M'dzinja, amasamutsira duwa kuchipinda chozizira (kapena mwanzeru amapanga kuzizira) ndipo samakhumudwa akaona masamba akugwa.
Koyambira pati?
- Kukonzekera maluwa m'nyengo yozizira - chomeracho chimatsalira mumlengalenga mpaka chisanu choopsa. Pobweretsa m'nyumbayo nthawi isanakwane, njira yolumikizira anthu imasokonezedwa.
- Kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembara, duwa silinakhalepo ndi umuna. Feteleza sakufunika, chifukwa pofika mwezi uno amapeza zakudya zokwanira kuti agonjetse osati kufa popanda iwo.
- Kudulira nthawi yophukira kudzafunika kuteteza korona kutambasula, kuchepetsa kukula kwa masamba ndikupewa mavuto ndikumera maluwa masika wotsatira.
Zofunika! Pakudulira, mphukira zofooka ndi zosweka ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo zotsalazo ziyenera kufupikitsidwa ndi 1/3. Kupanda kutero, masamba atsopano sangaikidwe. Mafoloko akale amafunikanso kudula kuti mphukira zosinthira ziwonekere. Tiyenera kuchotsa masamba onse pa fuchsia.
Kuyendera sikungapweteke musanasamutse chomera chija m'nyengo yozizira. Pasapezeke masamba achikasu ndi zimayambira zowuma pamenepo. Kupanda kutero, amasanduka malo oberekera matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo tina (dzimbiri, zowola). Olima maluwa odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti azichiza fuchsia ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi mafuta obwezeretsa mafuta a Rapsol asanafike nyengo yachisanu. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumateteza ku nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizirombo tina.
Momwe mungadulire ndikusunga chomeracho moyenera?
Nthawi yachisanu isanachitike, fuchsia imadulidwa, osati kuthira umuna ndi kupopera mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe amagulidwa m'sitolo yamaluwa kuti ateteze ku tizirombo.
M'chipinda chapansi kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba
Momwe mungasungire chomera m'chipinda chapansi, ndipo chisamaliro chotani chofunikira? Sikuti aliyense ali ndi mwayi wokonzekera nyengo yozizira ya fuchsia pamtambo wonyezimira wokhala m'nyumba kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Nthawi yozizira imayenda bwino mchipinda "chamdima" - mchipinda chapansi, garaja kapena cellar. Musanasunthire kuchipinda chimodzi chazotchulidwa pamwambapa, dulani, chotsani masambawo.
Mumdima, umapumanso "monga mpweya wabwino, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso madzi kukhala nthunzi. Chipinda chomwe chizikhalamo chiyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Kupanda kutero, ndikuwonekera kwake, chinyezi mlengalenga chidzawonjezeka, chomwe chingayambitse matenda a fungal. Kutentha kotentha kwa fuchsia m'chipinda chapansi kapena m'chipinda chapansi, pomwe kutentha kuli - + 10⁰С.
Onani kanema wonena za momwe fuchsias nthawi yachisanu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba
Kunyumba
Osati onse omwe ali ndi chipinda chapansi kapena garaja momwe mungasunthire mphika wa fuchsia m'nyengo yozizira. Ena alibe chochita ndipo amakakamizidwa kuti abwere nawo kunyumba. Ndikothekanso kuti muzikhala ndi nthawi yabwino yozizira m'nyumbayi, pokhapokha ngati mumakhala mpweya wokwanira.
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, fuchsia cuttings amaikidwa mu "nthaka yosauka" ndi pang'ono humus m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zimachedwetsa kukula kwa tchire laling'ono. Ngati m'nyengo yozizira mlimi azindikira kuti akumera, ayenera kuzidula mopanda chifundo ndikutsegula zenera lonse kuti muchepetse kutentha m'chipindacho. Scions safunika kutayidwa. Mutha kuyesa kuwazula powayika m'madzi pawindo loyatsa bwino komanso "lotentha".
Ngati fuchsias yozizira m'chipinda chapansi kawirikawiri madzi - 1-2 pamwezi, kenako zimabzala m'nyengo yozizira munyumba zimathiriridwa nthawi zambiri.
Zindikirani! Chifukwa cha kutentha kwapakati, dothi ladothi limauma msanga, ndipo kusowa kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa kufa kwa duwa.
Patsiku lomwe wolemba maluwa amabweretsa mphika wa fuchsia kunyumba, ayenera kutsegula zenera ndikukhazikitsa zenera lokhala ndi magalasi awiri kuti lizikhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Windo liyenera kukhala lotseguka nthawi zonse, kupatula masiku omwe kunja kumazizira kwambiri.
Pakati pa kugona, fuchsia imakhala yopanda tanthauzo kwambiri kuposa nthawi yakukula ndi maluwa. Imachita bwino mopitilira muyeso ndikusowa chinyezi. Kuperewera kwa nyengo yozizira, chinyezi cham'mlengalenga komanso kutentha kumabweretsa tizilombo. Mafungicides ndi tizilombo sizimathandiza nthawi zonse polimbana nawo, ndipo chomeracho chimangotayidwa.
Momwe mungasamalire duwa pawindo?
Kutalika kwakukulu kwa mpweya pazenera. Poto amayikidwa pafupi ndi galasi momwe angathere.
- Kutchingira pansi ndi thovu panthawi yozika kumathandiza kupewa mizu yovunda chifukwa cha kuzizira komwe kumangolowa m'chipindacho kudzera pazenera lotseguka pang'ono.
- Mpanda wowuma wa mpweya umafunika ngati nyumbayo ili yotentha. Kuti muchite izi, ingophimbani fuchsia ndi pulasitiki.
- Kuthirira sikuyenera kukhala kokhazikika osati kochuluka.
- Chomeracho chiyenera kuthandizidwa ndikukonzekera mwapadera kuti chitetezeke ku tizirombo.
- Mu Disembala ndi Januware, chomeracho chimaunikiridwa ndi nyali, popeza kulibe kuwala kokwanira masana.
Onerani kanema wonena zamavuto am'chipinda chozizira:
Kodi ndiyenera kudulira?
Zosadziwika muyenera kudula chomeracho nthawi yachisanu, chifukwa ili ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula ndipo ndikofunikira kuzichita molondola. Imachitika kawiri pachaka. Nthawi yoyamba imakhala kugwa, ikasamutsidwa kuchokera kumunda kupita kuchipinda chapansi kapena nyumba ndipo ndikofunikira kupereka zinthu zoyenera kubisalira, ndipo nthawi yachiwiri ili mchaka kuti apange chitsamba chokongola. Fuchsia amadulidwa kugwa ikatha, kuti asapangitse kukula kwa mitengo ikuluikulu 1-2 ndikukoka chitsamba. Njirayi ndiyofunikira pakukula kolondola kwa duwa lotsatira.
Kodi muyenera kuyeretsa liti?
Ndikofunika kuchotsa fuchsia kumapeto, kumapeto kwa Okutobala amasamutsa mphikawo m'munda kapena kuwutenga ku dacha m'nyengo yozizira kupita kunyumba kapena kuchipinda chapansi.
Chisamaliro
Chifukwa cha obereketsa, mitundu ya fuchsia yapezeka m'nyengo yozizira mumsewu ngakhale kumadera a Russian Federation komwe kutentha pazitsulo zamagetsi kumatsikira pansi -30 madigiri Celsius. Asanaganize zokonzekera nyengo yake yozizira, adzawona ngati ndiwokhazikika m'nyengo yozizira kapena ayi.
Zofunika! Simungabweretse fuchsia m'nyengo yozizira mnyumba: zimawoneka ngati zachilengedwe - ndibwino m'munda kuposa kutentha.
Kusamalira fuchsia m'nyengo yozizira ndikosavuta. Sikoyenera kuthira manyowa, koma kuthirira kokha pamene chikomacho chadothi chimauma. Ndibwino kuti kutentha kukhale pawindo - + 10-15 degrees Celsius. Zimakupatsani mwayi wokana kukula kwa mbewuyo mpaka masika. Malo oyipa kwa iye ndi zenera lakumpoto, popeza chifukwa chakuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuwala, imafutukuka. Nthawi yabwino "yodzuka" ndikumapeto kwa February. Chomera cholimba m'nyengo yozizira chatsalira m'munda (mitundu ya Coralline, Baby Blue Eyes, General Monk, etc.).
Asanadye nyengo yachisanu, amazidula, kusiya mphukira kutalika kwa masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Ngati ikukula mumphika wamaluwa wopachikidwa, tulutseni ndikuyika mphika kapena malo otseguka okhala ndi humus. Pa nyengo yozizira, tsekani fuchsia ndi peat kapena masamba owuma a oak. Kuti muteteze ku chinyezi, pamwamba pake pamayikidwa kanema wa polyethylene.
Matenda omwe angakhalepo
Fuchsia ikamazizira, imakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal - dzimbiri. Zikuwoneka chifukwa chakuti mlimi adanyalanyaza malangizowo ndipo sanapangitse nyengo yachisanu yopanda mavuto: chipinda chimakhala chofunda, chamdima komanso chinyezi, osati chouma komanso chatsopano. Amathirira chomeracho nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe amafunikira, adabisala padzuwa ndipo samapereka mpweya mchipinda.
Pofuna kupewa bowa kuti isatenge fuchsia, chitani ndi 1% yankho la chisakanizo cha Bordeaux, koma ambiri amanyalanyaza njirayi. Amadziimba mlandu chifukwa cha izi mawanga akuda akamawonekera pamasamba. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa omwe amadwala amafa, ndipo ndi maluwa ena amkati, ngati simumadzipatula kwa ena ndipo musadule masamba omwe amakhudzidwa ndi bowa pa iwo. Pozindikira dzimbiri m'masiku oyambirira, amapulumutsa chomeracho pokonzekera mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a 5 malita a madzi, magalamu 200 a sopo wobiriwira ndi magalamu 15 a sulfate yamkuwa.
Imvi yovunda imakhudza fuchsia ngati mpweya mchipindacho ndiwambiri. Ndikosavuta kudziwa kuti ndi gawo liti lomwe lakhudzidwa: ndi lofewa komanso lamadzi, ndipo mawanga oyera amawonekera pagawo la masamba. Pofuna kuchiritsa chomeracho, masamba omwe akhudzidwa amadulidwa, amathandizidwa ndi makonzedwe apadera ndipo ma microclimate mchipindacho amasinthidwa kuti apewenso matenda a fuchsia.
Mapeto
Ndikosavuta kukonza kusungidwa kwa fuchsia m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo sikofunikira kusamutsa kuchokera kumunda kupita kuchipinda chapansi kapena ku loggia. Idzakhala pawindo pazenera la nyumbayo, ngati nthawi zina imathiriridwa ndi kuthiridwa mankhwala, kusalaza ntchito yotentha yapakati.