"Nyenyezi ya Khrisimasi" ikutha: nanga bwanji poinsettia itadwala ndikutulutsa masamba mu Disembala?

Poinsettia ndi chomera chokongola chobiriwira cha banja la Euphorbia. Anthu amatcha maluwawo "Khrisimasi Star" kapena "Star ya Betelehemu" chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osazolowereka a ma bracts ofiira owala.

Maluwawo amatchedwa otayika, ngakhale kuti ndi chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse ndipo amatha kusangalatsa eni ake kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi. Chifukwa chagona pazinthu zakukula kwake ndi zovuta zakusiya.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira zamatenda ndi tizirombo tomwe titha kuwononga kukongola, komanso chifukwa chake masambawo sakhala ofiira ndikugwa.

Nchifukwa chiyani masambawo satembenuka ndi kugwa?

• Maluwawo amataya pang'ono pang'ono. Chomeracho chimakhala chachisanu kapena chimayimirira. M`pofunika kupereka chokwanira matenthedwe boma, kuchotsa usilikali.
• Masamba a Sheds kwathunthu, nditani? Pamapeto pa nyengo yokula, duwa limatulutsa masamba ake onse. Chifukwa chake ndi chachilengedwe - duwa limapuma. Ndikofunika kudikirira mpaka masamba agwe ndikudula zimayambira pakati ndi lumo, ndikuyika duwa m'malo amdima, ozizira (kutentha sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa 10 ° C) kwa miyezi 1.5. Nthawi yonseyi, kuthirira pang'ono kumachitika. Pofika chilimwe, poinsettia iphukiranso mphukira zobiriwira.
• Bwanji ngati igwa mu Disembala? Zikuwoneka kuti Disembala ndi nthawi yamaluwa ndipo sizomveka panthawiyi kukhetsa masamba. Koma pakhoza kukhala zifukwa za izi:
  1. kutentha kwapansi;
  2. mpweya wouma;
  3. kuwala pang'ono;
  4. zojambula;
  5. kusowa zovala.

  Poterepa, ndikofunikira kupeza ndikuchotsa choyambitsa. Sungani duwa pazenera lowoneka bwino, onetsetsani kutentha kwabwino kwa +17 kapena +20 ° C, osatengera zojambula. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka kutulutsa, feteleza ovuta amchere amabwera m'nthaka kamodzi pamasabata awiri (mavalidwe amadzi "Agricola" kapena "Kemira"). Pakati pa maluwa, feteleza a potashi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pamwezi.

Matenda a maluwa

Chomera chilichonse chimafuna chisamaliro. Mukaiwala za duwa lomwe lili pawindo, kudumpha kuthirira, musasunge kutentha, ndiye tsiku lina, mutatsegula makatani, mutha kuwona wamaliseche, chomera chouma.

• Idzatha pambuyo pogula. Poinsettia nthawi zambiri imapezeka nthawi yozizira nthawi yamaluwa, ndipo Januware-February ndi nthawi yomaliza maluwa ndi kugwa kwamasamba. Mukamasankha chiweto chobiriwira, muyenera kutsogozedwa ndi lamulo ili: musayang'ane ma bracts, koma maluwa. Ayenera kukhala masamba, osasunthika.
• Chomeracho chimasanduka chakuda. Poinsettia ndi chomera chotentha. Kutentha kochepa kumayambitsa masamba ozizira komanso masamba akuda. M`pofunika kusunga matenthedwe boma.
• Dzimbiri. Ngati, poyang'ana poinsettia, masamba anapezeka ndi opal yachikaso, dzimbiri m'mphepete, ndiye chifukwa chake ndikutentha kwambiri kwamlengalenga komanso chinyezi chochepa. Ndikofunika kupopera masamba munthawi yake, ngati kuli kofunikira, konzani chomeracho pamalo ozizira, abwino.
• Kutaya kukhathamira. Ngati masamba atayika, a turgor, adayamba kuwoneka opanda moyo, chifukwa chake chimakhala kuthirira kosayenera: kuli chinyezi chochuluka kapena chochepa kwambiri. Poterepa, muyenera kusintha njira yothirira. Poinsettia amakonda dothi lonyowa koma losasunthika. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira nthaka ndi madzi nthaka ikangouma. Musalole kuti ziume.
• Ngati chilichonse chauma ndikufa, mungabwezeretse bwanji moyo? Zochitazo ndizofanana ndi potumiza duwa kuti likapume:
  1. dulani chomeracho pakati (werengani nthawi yodula poinsettia ndi momwe mungachitire moyenera);
  2. ikani mphika pamalo amdima, ozizira;
  3. madzi osapitilira kamodzi pamwezi;
  4. pezani miyezi 2-3;
  5. dikirani mphukira zatsopano.
• Chomeracho ndi chachisanu, momwe mungapulumutsire? Anatsegula zenera ndipo duwa linazizira, ndipo masamba adasanduka akuda? Muyenera:
  1. kudula mphukira zachisanu;
  2. ikani malo otentha;
  3. mankhwala ndi zircon - chomera biostimulant.

Komanso, eni ake a poinsettia amadandaula kuti sichimafalikira. Tinalemba pano pazomwe tingachite ngati vuto ngati ili.

Matenda a fungal

Nkhungu yakuda

Zizindikiro zakunja kwa matendawa: imvi nkhungu pa inflorescences ndi bracts, kusandulika ndi kufa kwa matenda zimayambira ndi mphukira zazing'ono.

Choyambitsa: Bowa wa Botrytis cinerea umakula mwakuya kwambiri komanso kuzizira.

Thandizeni: sankhani mosamala ndikuchotsa madera onse azomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zowola. Pambuyo pake, sungani maluwawo ndi maziko.

Malangizo! Fundazol ndi fungicide yokhala ndi machitidwe ndi machitidwe olumikizirana. Zotsatira zake, bowa amasiya kuberekana, kugawa.

Kuvunda kwa Rhizop

Zizindikiro zakunja: Mbali zam'mlengalenga zimakhudzidwa ndi zowola zakuda. Poterepa, minofu yowola imakokedwa ndi "intaneti" yotumbululuka.

Choyambitsa: bowa wothandizila causative Botrytis, monga bowa onse, amakula mwakhama munthawi ya chinyezi.

Thandizeni: woyamba zizindikiro za matenda, mankhwala a Kuproxat kapena topazi.

Kutchulidwa. Cuproxate ndi fungicide, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cholowa kwa ma ayoni amkuwa mchipinda cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuyanjana ndi michere, kuletsa chitukuko, kusokoneza kupuma ndi kusintha kwa mapuloteni. Topaz ndi fungicide, yogwira ntchito chifukwa cha penconazole: imapondereza matenda pakamera kake kamene kamatulukira ndikulowa kwa chubu chokulirapo mu fungulo la masamba.

Kumwera chakumapeto choipitsa

Zizindikiro zakunja: Kufota kwa masamba, kuvunda ndi kusinthasintha kwa mizu yazomera.

Choyambitsa: bowa wa Phytophthor amakula mwamphamvu mukakhala madzi osayenda mumphika.

Thandizeni: Kupereka ngalande zabwino, kuwongolera kuthirira (kosowa koma kochuluka). Sakani maluwa ndi Alett.

Malangizo! Allett ndi fungic systemic yoteteza. Imalepheretsa ndikulepheretsa kumera kwa mabowa a fungal ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa matendawa. Imalepheretsa kulowa kwa matenda mchomera.

Kugonjetsedwa ndi bowa wa mtundu wa Pitium

Zizindikiro zakunja: Mawanga amdima okhumudwa amawonekera pa tsinde la duwa, mizu imawoneka yoloweka komanso yovunda, ndi chipolopolo.

Zoyambitsa: nkhungu za mtundu wa Pythium, zomwe zimakula mumchere wothira komanso nthaka yochepa.

Thandizeni: siyani kuthirira pang'ono, ndikubzala mu nthaka youma ndi yotayirira, utsi wa poinsettia ndi fungidal Ridomil.

Malangizo! Ridomil ndi fungicide yopewa ndi kuchiza zomera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi vuto lakumapeto, alternaria ndi matenda ena a fungal.

Kuvunda kofiirira

Matendawa amapezeka kwa achinyamata zomera.

Zizindikiro zakunja: tsinde la tsinde limakhala locheperako, limakhala lofiirira, chifukwa chake limaswa mosavuta ndikufa.

Choyambitsa: matenda a mafangasi. Bowa amakhala pamizu yazomera ndikufewetsa. Imakhala mwamphamvu kwambiri chinyezi.

Thandizeni: Pangani zimayambira kumunsi ndi Rovral.

Malangizo! Rovral ndi fungicide yolumikizirana kuti iteteze mbewu ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Rovral imagwira ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kuwonongeka kwa nkhungu kumizu

Zizindikiro zakunja: mizu imakhala yofiirira, yodzala ndi mizu yaying'ono yoyera. Masamba achichepere amasanduka otuwa, ndipo achikulire amasanduka bulauni m'mphepete mwake.

Choyambitsa: matenda a fungal. Zimayambira mwachangu ndi kusowa kwa mchere wamchere.

Thandizeni: Dyetsani ndi mchere wamchere. Sinthani njira yothirira - nthawi zambiri, pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Utsi wa chomera ndi Previkur fungicide.

Malangizo! Previkur ndi fungicic ya zinthu ziwiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Zomwe zikuchitikazi zikutsutsana ndi zomera za tizilombo.

Fusarium yowuma

Zizindikiro zakunja: Mphukira za chomeracho zimakhala zofiirira mkati, kenako zimada ndikufa.

Choyambitsa: bowa wamtundu wa Fusarium. Amalowa mu chomeracho kudzera mu mabala kapena pores wa masamba, ndipo m'kati mwa moyo wake, amapanga mycotoxins wambiri, omwe amapha ndikuwononga zomera.

Thandizeni: kumasula maluwa ku mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa, chitani ndi Baktofit.

Malangizo! Bactofit ndi fungicide yachilengedwe, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi bakiteriya.

Tizirombo

Ma Nematode

Zochita za nyongolotsi cholinga chake ndikupopera madzi kuchokera maluwa amkati. Amasonkhana m'magulu m'mitsempha ndi mapesi a masamba, mumtambo wonenepa, wofanana ndi thonje.

Zoyenera kuchita: sambani chomera ndi swab yothira madzi sopo, kenako perekani ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo kapena mankhwala a calendula. Pazochitika zovuta, katatu ndi nthawi ya sabata, onetsetsani mankhwala Aktara, Fitoverm.

Malangizo! Aktara ndi fitoverm ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo tomwe timagwira m'matumbo. Yogwira motsutsana ndi ma nematode.

Aphid

Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala pa zovuta kwambiri poinsettia mphukira, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti zibowole ndikupatsirana.

Thandizeni: Sambani maluwa ndi madzi sopo. Kenako, muyenera kukonza ndi anyezi kapena kulowetsedwa kwa fodya pakadutsa masiku asanu. Mankhwala a Spark atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Malangizo! Kuthetheka ndi mankhwala opatsirana m'mimba motsutsana ndi tizilombo toyamwa ndi toluma. Yogwira pophika ndi avertin emulsion.

Kangaude

Kangaudeyu ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono kofiira kofiira komwe kumakhala kovuta kuziwona ndi maso, koma timadontho tating'ono tachikasu pafupi ndi nsonga za masamba timasonyeza kupezeka kwake. Ma specks ndi malo omwe timadzi timene timayamwa. Kwa chomera, kangaude sichiwopsyeza kwambiri. Kuyamwa madzi onse a poinsettia kumafunikira nthata zambiri, zomwe sizokayikitsa.

Choyambitsa: chinyezi chamkati chamkati.

Chitani: pezani masambawo ndi sopo wophera tizilombo.

Mealybug

Mealybug ndi tizilombo toyamwa. Thupi ndi la pinki kapena loyera lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa kumbuyo. Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake kumapangitsa kuti athe kuziwona ndi maso. Tizilombo timatulutsa ntchofu zoyera, zomata. Nthawi yomweyo, chomeracho chikuwoneka ngati chikuzazidwa ndi ufa kapena ngati zotupa za thonje zidayikidwa pa mphukira. Mealybug wabisalira pansi pa mipira ya thonje iyi. Masamba amasanduka achikasu akawonongeka ndi tizilombo.

Choyambitsa: nkhanza za feteleza wa nayitrogeni, kutentha kwa mpweya.

Thandizeni: chitani ndi chinkhupule chonyowa choviikidwa mu yankho la adyo kapena sopo-mowa (sungunulani supuni 1 ya sopo wochapa zovala m'madzi otentha, tengani voliyumu 1 litre, onjezerani supuni 1 mowa ndi 2 tbsp. l wa vodka. Masiku 4).

Pofika pa Marichi 8, ma hostess akukakamiza ma tulips ndi hyacinths, ndipo pofika Khrisimasi amakula poinsettia. Maluwa awa nthawi zonse amakhala okongoletsa kowoneka bwino komanso kosangalatsa kwamasiku a Khrisimasi.

Onerani kanemayo: Masowe (June 2024).