Indonia begonia Cleopatra: momwe mungakulire duwa lokongola kunyumba?

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Begonia amatchedwa "namwali wokongola" chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola komanso masamba. Begonia Cleopatra ali ndi maubwino onse a begonias ndipo ndioyenera kwa iwo omwe amayamikira kukongola ndi kukongola kwa zomera.

Chifukwa chake tiyeni tiwone bwino za mtundu wosakanizidwa ndi wotchuka wa begonia, kuti mudziwe za tizirombo ndi matenda omwe angakhudze chomerachi, momwe amafunikira ndikukhala ndi moyo wosamalira Cleopatra.

Tionanso zithunzi za maluwa awa m'nkhaniyi.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakunyamula

Mtundu wolemera kwambiri wamtunduwu wa banja la begonia umagawidwa pafupifupi konsekonse kotentha komanso kotentha. Mtengo wa kanjedza m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya begonias ndi waku South America. Begonia imagawidwa konsekonse kotentha komanso kotentha lamba. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha begonias chimakula ku South America.

Chomeracho chidatchedwa Begon, kazembe wa Haiti, wokonda kwambiri komanso wosonkhanitsa mbewu, yemwe adapanga kafukufuku wasayansi ku Antilles m'zaka za zana la 17. Mu 1950, mitundu yaku Mexico ya begonia yaying'ono idapezeka - Bauer begonia (Begonia bowerae).

Chimodzi mwazinthu zamtunduwu ndi Cleopatra begonia. Pali mayina ena pachomera ichi, mwachitsanzo, Boveri begonia.

Cleopatra begonia ili ndi zobiriwira zakuda, imaloza kumapeto masamba, kukumbukira mapulo (werengani za maple begonia pano), ndi tsinde lochepa lokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Kutalika kwa chomera kumatha kufikira theka la mita. Mitundu iyi ya begonias ili ndi mawonekedwe ake:

kutengera kuyatsa, masamba amatha kukhala ndi mithunzi yosiyana;
Masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana: obiriwira kunja ndi ofiira (nthawi zina burgundy) pansi;
kuwala, tsitsi labwino lomwe likuphimba masamba.

Cleopatra ili ndi maluwa apinki omwe asonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence yofalikira. Nthawi yachizolowezi yamaluwa ndi Januware mpaka February.

ZOKHUDZA. Cleopatra ili ndi maluwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa inflorescence yachikazi, timabokosi tating'onoting'ono tanthete timapsa.

Chithunzi cha maluwa

Apa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha Cleopatra begonia, chosavuta kukula panyumba.

Zosiyanasiyana

Onse begonias amagawidwa pamitundu mitundu:

zokongoletsera zokongoletsera m'nyumba;
zokongoletsera ndi maluwa m'nyumba;
zokongoletsa ndi maluwa.

Begonia Cleopatra ndi ya zokongoletsa, ndipo, monga onse omwe akuimira izi, ali ndi masamba akulu, owoneka bwino.

Tidakambirana za begonias ena amitundu yazodzikongoletsera mosiyana. Mutha kuwerenga za Royal, Mason, Griffin, Rex, Maple Leaf, Tiara, Collar, Tiger, Sizolist ndi Metallic.

Kumene ndi momwe kubzala?

Kuunikira ndi malo

Kuti akule bwino, Cleopatra amafunikira kuyatsa kosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kuti chomeracho chikhale pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndipo begonia imakula pazenera lakumpoto, ndiye kuti pakukula bwino chomeracho chidzafunika kuyatsa kowonjezera ndi nyali. M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kupereka mdima pazenera lakumwera.

Zofunika panthaka

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yomwe mwagula yomwe idapangidwira begonias (acidic pang'ono, lotayirira), kapena mutha kukonzekera nthaka kuti mubzale nokha. Kuti muchite izi, onjezerani mchenga wolimba, perlite ndi peat mofanana ku nthaka ya nkhalango yomwe ili mu uvuni.

Mphika ndi ngalande

Kuti mubzale begonias, muyenera kutenga mphika wamaluwa wapulasitiki, sikuyenera kukhala wakuya. Miphika yadongo siyikulimbikitsidwa kubzala begonias chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa mizu yolowera pamalo ovuta. Ngalande ziyenera kuikidwa pansi pa mphika - dothi lokulitsa kapena miyala. Ikani gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dothi lokonzedwa bwino, kenako ikani chomeracho ndikudzaza nthaka yotsalayo. Kenako tsanulirani madzi ofunda pa begonia.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Mukamasamalira begonia kunyumba chinyezi sichiyenera kuloledwa kukhazikika m'nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, onetsetsani kuti nthaka yonse yayamba kale kuuma musanathirire. Ndikofunika kuthirira Cleopatra m'mawa kapena madzulo kuti mupewe kutentha pamasamba.

M'chaka kapena pakuika begonias, m'pofunika kudulira - kudula zonse zimayambira mpaka 4-5 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka. Pachitsamba choyenera komanso chokongola, chomeracho chimayenera kutembenuzidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuti akule bwino, Cleopatra ayenera kutentha kwa madigiri 18 mpaka 20.

CHOFUNIKA. Ngati mpweya mchipinda momwe begonia imakula ndiwouma, ndiye kuti chidebe chokhala ndi miyala yoyera kapena mchenga chiyenera kuyikidwa pafupi nawo, apo ayi Cleopatra ayamba kuvulaza.

Kawirikawiri pamwezi muyenera kudyetsa chomeracho ndi feteleza. Izi ndizowona makamaka masika ndi chilimwe. Podyetsa, ndibwino kugula feteleza omwe adapangidwira begonias. Zovala zapamwamba zimatha kuyamba sabata imodzi mutabzala. Ngati cholinga chake ndi maluwa, ndiye kuti Cleopatra ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wokwanira, pomwe pali potaziyamu yambiri kuposa nayitrogeni.

Kudzisamalira moyenera ndikofunikira kwa begonias. Ngati mukufuna kuti akusangalatseni ndi mawonekedwe ake athanzi, werengani za zomwe zimakulitsa kukongola uku. Tikukuwuzani zamtunduwu: Amaliseche, Tiger, Smaragdovaya, Bolivia, Coral, Fista, Griffith, Terry, Bush ndi Imperial.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Nthawi zambiri begonia Cleopatra amadwala ndi powdery mildew, amayamba ndi bowa tosaoneka ndi maso. Mu matendawa, masambawo ali ndi pachimake choyera cha powdery. Matendawa amayamba ndi masamba omwe amakhala pafupi ndi nthaka, kupitilira nthawi kupita ku chomera chonsecho. Kutenga nthawi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewuyo. Kukula kwa matendawa kumayimitsidwa mukapopera mankhwala ndi zoteteza zina monga colloidal sulfure kapena sulfate yamkuwa.

Kwa Cleopatra, komanso mitundu ina ya begonias, matenda opatsirana ndi mawonekedwe, omwe amawonekera pamasamba ndi mawanga owola. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nthawi ya kutentha ikaphwanyidwa. Ngati pali matenda, m'pofunika kuchotsa malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndikuchiza chomeracho ndi mankhwala a fungicidal (mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la mankhwala).

Tizilombo monga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tikhoza kuwononga Cleopatra. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timawoneka ngati chipolopolo kapena nsabwe zazing'ono. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamwa timadziti kuchokera ku chomeracho, chifukwa chake masamba amauma, kenako chomeracho chimafa. Kumayambiriro kwa matenda, kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikokwanira. Ngati matendawa azindikiridwa mochedwa, ndiye kuti nkhanambo iyenera kuchotsedwa pamakina, kenako begonia iyenera kupopera ndi yankho la actara. Kuwaza kuyenera kubwerezedwa kangapo kangapo pamlungu.

Ziphuphu, tiziromboti tating'onoting'ono, timayambitsa mawanga achikasu kapena otumbululuka ndi masamba, zomwe zimapititsa patsogolo kufa kwa minofu yazomera. Matendawa mutha kuwachotsa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Ngati begonia imasungidwa kutentha kwakukulu komanso kusowa kwa chinyezi chofunikira, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wambiri wowoneka kangaude. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tingawoneke ndi ukonde woonda pakati pa masamba. Acaricides ndi insectoacaricides azikhala othandiza polimbana ndi tizilombo.

Zoswana

Begonia Cleopatra itha kufalikira m'njira izi:

Zodula. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kudula phesi pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndikuyiyika m'madzi kapena gawo lapadera (peat, mchenga ndi sphagnum moss mofanana) mpaka mizu iwonekere. Kenaka pitani mumphika.
Mbewu. Njirayi imayamba ndikufesa mbewu panthaka yosalala, yomwe imakanikizidwa pang'ono. Chidebecho ndi dothi lonyowa chimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikuyika pamalo otentha. Zipatso zikayamba, chitetezo cha kanema chimayamba kuchotsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi yabwino yosankhayi ndi kuyambira Disembala mpaka Marichi.
Mapepala. Ndikofunika kudula tsamba ndi petiole ndipo, mutatha kukonza mdulidwewo, uyikeni m'nthaka. Kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri, ndiyofunika kudyetsa begonia wachichepere ndi feteleza amadzimadzi.

Chomeracho chimatha kuberekanso nthawi iliyonse pachaka, koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti kuzika mizu kumakhala kosavuta mchaka.

ZOKHUDZA. M'zaka za zana la 20, asayansi aku Russia adapeza kuti kutulutsa kosakhazikika kwa begonias kumalimbana ndi bowa wambiri wankhungu, ndipo mchipinda chokhala ndi begonias kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya sabata limodzi kumatsika ndi 70%, staphylococcus - ndi 60%.