Zoyenera kuchita ngati marigolds awuma: bwanji masamba amafota ndipo masamba amasandukira akuda? Kodi kupulumutsa chomera ku imfa?

Marigolds ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino zamaluwa. Amalimidwa m'minda, m'mapaki ndi m'mabedi amaluwa. Zomwe zimafalikira: chisamaliro chodzichepetsa komanso kutengeka ndi matenda.

Amatchulidwa choncho ku Russia chifukwa cha masamba omwe amawoneka ngati nsalu ya velvet. Ku Germany amawatcha maluwa ophunzirira, ku Poland - aksamits, ndi ku Ukraine - maluwa atsitsi lakuda.

Nthawi zambiri amalima amakumana ndi zovuta zokula, koma bwanji ngati adzauma? Tiyankha funso ili m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi chomera ichi ndi chiyani?

Marigolds ndi imodzi kapena yosatha herbaceous zomera. Ali ndi maluwa okongola komanso ozungulira, odula nthiti, nthambi za nthambi. Mizu ndi aimpso. Masamba sanapangidwe, amathyoledwa kwambiri. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa m'mabasiketi inflorescence. Ma inflorescence ndi achilendo ndipo mumitundu yosiyana siyana omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe: osanjikiza, ozungulira, ozungulira kapena ozungulira. Mabasiketi nawonso ndi osiyana, mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Pali ma marigolds okhala ndi madengu osavuta, awiri, achikaso, abulauni kapena lalanje. Maluwawo atatha, zipatso zimapangidwa. Mitundu ina yazomera, imakhala yopindika, yopindika, pomwe mwa ena, imakhala yolumikizana pansi. Ziphuphu zodulidwa zili pamwamba. Mutha kudziwa mawonekedwe apadera a maluwa ndikuwerenga zithunzi za maluwa ophulika a marigolds munkhani yapadera.

Marigolds - chokongoletsera pakhonde, pakhonde, khonde, loggia, dimba. Wolemba maluwa aliyense amapeza pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosatha komanso yapachaka ya marigolds yomwe amakonda. Sikoyenera kubzala chomeracho pansi. Amakula bwino panyumba mumphika kapena mabokosi, mumdengu wopachikidwa, pansi pa vase, ndi zina zambiri. Zikuwoneka zokongola pabedi la maluwa nthawi yakugwa, pomwe maluwa ena adazilala.

Mwa zina, ma marigolds ali ndi mankhwala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe. Werengani zambiri za izi m'nkhani yathu.

Mavuto wamba

Marigolds amachepetsa kafungo kabwino. Fungo labwino kwambiri la katulutsidwe limachokera ku mizu kupita m'nthaka. Amatetezedwa molondola ku fusarium ndi matenda ena a fungal. Pamodzi ndi iwo pansi pa chitetezo chodalirika ndi "oyandikana nawo". Mukamatsatira malamulo osavuta osamalira (kuyatsa, kutentha, chinyezi, dothi, ndi zina zambiri), chomeracho chimakondweretsa maluwa ndi mawonekedwe abwino.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

• Akangaude amapezeka chifukwa chouma kwa mpweya. Kuti achiritse chomeracho, amakhazikitsa kuthirira ndikuwapopera pafupipafupi. Zambiri pazakudya za kangaude ndi tizirombo tina tomwe ma marigolds amaukiridwa, komanso zithunzi zawo ndi njira zothana nawo, zitha kupezeka pano.
• Zowola ndi bowa. Vutoli limathetsedwa pakuumitsa nthaka, i.e. kusowa madzi okwanira kwakanthawi, ndikukonzanso mphika wazomera pamalo otentha.
• Nkhono ndi slugs. Marigolds samakonda akamalandira mankhwala owopsa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kulimbana nawo ndi njira zowerengera (kuwaza nthaka ndi nkhono zamazira, kusonkhanitsa zolengedwa zosasangalatsa ndi dzanja).
• Kuvunda imvi. Madontho akuda ofiira amawoneka pamasamba ndi zimayambira chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono komanso chinyezi chambiri mchipinda momwe adakuliramo. Vutoli limawonedwa mukamabzala.

Zofunika! Papezeka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zizindikiro za matenda, mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbewuzo zimawonongeka.

Werengani zambiri zamatenda ndi tizirombo tomwe zimawopseza ma marigolds, komanso momwe mungathanirane nawo, munkhani ina.

Mitundu ya kukula

1. Kuletsa kukula chifukwa cha nthaka yosakhuthala bwino.
2. Ma inflorescence ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha nthaka yosakhuthala bwino.
3. Kugonjetsedwa kwa chomeracho ndi matenda a fungus chifukwa chadothi lamadzi.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa inflorescence pakukula kwa marigolds kutchire, nthawi yotentha ikakhala yamvula.
5. Masamba amakhala ndi utoto wofiira chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kutentha kwa mpweya mpaka 10 +⁰. Chifukwa cha ichi, kukula kumayimiranso.
6. Chomeracho sichimaphuka, koma pali masamba ambiri chifukwa chipinda chomwe marigolds amakula ndichotentha, chinyezi, kupatula apo, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wopanda muyeso. Momwe mungasamalire bwino komanso kudyetsa marigolds maluwa ambiri, tidayankhula mwatsatanetsatane apa.

Zoyambitsa

Marigolds ndi zomera zoyamikira. Ngati wamaluwa amvera marigolds, sipadzakhala mavuto ndi kukongoletsa.

Chifukwa chiyani marigolds amauma:

• Masamba akakhala achikaso pa marigolds, samalani kuyatsa. Ngati chomeracho chidakulira m'chipinda momwe dzuwa limakhala mlendo wocheperako, kenako ndikuwonetsedwa ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa, masambawo amasintha kukhala achikaso, kenako nkuuma ndikugwa.
• Nthawi zina masamba achikasu ndi kufota kwa masambawo kumachitika pazifukwa zina. Maluwawo amalepheretsa maluwawo kuthirira. Iye samathirira kawirikawiri, ndipo chilala chimatsutsana naye.
• Akamakula panja, nthawi zambiri amafesedwa mbewu, potero amathandizira kubzala kochuluka. Marigolds alibe malo ndi nthaka yokwanira kuti ikule bwino. Chifukwa cha izi, masamba awo amauma komanso masamba amafota. Mutha kupeza malamulo obzala ndikusamalira ma marigolds kutchire kuno.

Malangizo! Oyamba kumene amakumana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, chifukwa sakudziwa malamulo onse owasamalira. Nthawi zambiri amazindikira kuti masamba ndi masamba akuwuma. Masamba ndi masamba amafota chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo.

Timapanga matenda

Marigolds samakonda kugwidwa ndi tizirombo. Ndi bwino kuwona tizirombo koyambirira:

• Mizu yowola. Ngati mbande zimakhudzidwa ndi mwendo wakuda, ndiye kuti mbewu za achikulire zimadwala matenda pafupipafupi - kuwola kwa mizu. Olima maluwa amazindikira kuti marigolds amachepetsa kukula kwawo, masamba awo ndi maluwa amasanduka achikaso ndikufota.

  Ngati simukupanga zinthu zabwino kuti zikule, samitsani ma marigold m'nthaka yoyipa, muyenera kuwachotsa pabedi la maluwa. Kuola kwa mizu ndi kowopsa mbali iliyonse yazomera.

• Kangaude. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timapezeka pazomera zazing'ono zomwe zimabzalidwa m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba zosungira. Nyengo yotentha yokha ndi yomwe imamusangalatsani ndi mbewu zazikulu.

  Masamba asanaume ndi kugwa, amatenga mawonekedwe oyera. Mwala udzatsalira pa iwo pambuyo pa ntchito ya nkhupakupa. Pofuna kuti asalimbane ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, maluwawo amapopera madzi oyera. Polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, yankho la fodya limathandiza:

  1. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku 200 gr. fodya ndi 3 malita a madzi.
  2. Limbikirani masiku awiri, kenako pewani ndi madzi mpaka malita 10 ndikuwonjezera magalamu 50 a sopo wochapa zovala.
  3. Pambuyo kusanganikirana bwino, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza marigolds odwala.
• Gulugufe wowonjezera kutentha. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timadziwika ndi nyengo yotentha kwambiri tikamamera mbewu pabwalo. Gulugufe yaying'ono yokhala ndi thupi lokwanira 2 mm yokha imadya masambawo, imayamwa madziwo, chifukwa chake amafa.

  Njira yokhayo yothandizira ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. M`pofunika pokonza yomweyo pambuyo woyamba zizindikiro za matenda. Ngati njirayi ikuchitika munthawi yake, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zimadzipangitsa zokha. Gulugufe wonyezimira wawonongeka ndipo sawonekeranso pachomera.

• Thrips. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timasiya masamba ang'onoang'ono pamaluwa a masamba. Amavunda, amauma ndikugwa.

  Ndizovuta kulimbana ndi ma thrips, popeza mankhwala azitsamba sathandiza ndipo mankhwala amakono sakhala othandiza, ngati tchire silidulidwa pafupi ndi mizu lisanachitike. Ndi bwino kuchitira marigolds ndi mayankho okonzekera mwapadera kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa.

• Aphid. Poyimitsa tizilombo tomwe timadya masamba ndikumwa madzi kuchokera masamba ndi masamba, duwa limathandizidwa ndi mankhwala. Zisanachitike, amazitsuka ndi madzi mwamphamvu kuchokera payipi.

  Pofuna kuteteza nsabwe za m'masamba kuti zisaonekenso, mankhwalawo amabwerezedwa patatha masiku 10 kapena pambuyo pa mvula iliyonse. Njirayi idzakhala yokwanira kuchiritsa kwathunthu mbewu.

Masambawo amauma ndipo masamba amasanduka akuda

Alimi ena akukumana ndi mfundo yoti masamba a zomerawo amauma ndipo masambawo akuda. Vutoli limawoneka akamakula mumphika kapena panja. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa bakiteriya, i.e. kuvunda. Choyambitsa mphukira ndi chinyezi chochuluka komanso kuthirira mopitirira muyeso.

Chenjezo! Chomeracho sichikonda kubzala nthaka. Idzapirira kuthirira kosavuta ndi kuuma, m'malo mokomoka.

Zoyenera kuchita?

1. Pozindikira kuti masamba a marigolds auma ndipo masambawo akuda, mbali zonse zowonongeka zimadulidwa kapena kudulidwa.
2. Yendetsani njira yothirira. Ndi bwino kuwasiya opanda chinyezi kwa masiku 2-3 kuposa kuti musapirire ndi kuwathirira tsiku loyamba, potero kukulitsa vuto. Masamba onyowoka nthawi zonse amachira atathirira!
3. Marigolds akawonongeka ndi tizirombo, amagula mankhwala oyenera. Nkhupakupa nthawi zambiri zimawakonda. Polimbana nawo, mankhwala a Aktar sathandiza. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathandiza kulimbana ndi tizilombo tambiri, koma osati nkhupakupa.

   Ndi bwino kugula ma acaricides otsatirawa:

   • Omite.
   • Demitan.
   • Actellik (mankhwala osokoneza bongo).

   Patatha sabata kuchokera kuchipatala, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osavuta (Fitoverm). Pofuna kupewa, samangokhala marigolds okha, koma zomera zonse pafupi nawo, monga nthata zimayikira mazira msanga.

Ngati zina zonse zalephera?

Ngati zomwe tafotokozazi sizikuthandiza, ma marigolds adzafa. Pofuna kuti asavulaze "oyandikana nawo", amachotsedwa pamabedi ndikuwotchedwa.

Mapeto

Marigolds, monga chomera china chilichonse, amakonda kusamalidwa. Kuyang'ana kamodzi pa sabata, adzawona masamba ndi masamba owuma munthawi yake. Ma Florists adzayenera kudziwa chifukwa chake ndikuchitapo kanthu moyenera.