Gawo lirilonse malangizo othandizira kufalitsa maluwa orchid kunyumba

Ma orchid oyengedwa akhala chomera chodziwika bwino m'nyumba chomwe chimagwirizana mogwirizana ndi zokongoletsa zilizonse.

Kudzibalira nokha kwa maluwa achilendo ndi ntchito yolemetsa yomwe imafunikira chidziwitso.

Zomwe zimachitika zimadalira mtundu wa orchid. Koyamba, iyi ndi ntchito ya akatswiri, koma kutsatira malamulowo, katswiri wamaluwa woyambira amatha kuthana nayo. Timaphunzira zambiri za zovuta za kubereketsa maluwa.

Kodi kumezanitsa ndi chiyani?

Kufalitsa kwa Orchid kumachitika motalikitsa (pogawa tchire, ana kapena cuttings) ndi mbewu. Zindikirani kuti orchid sichimafalikira ndi tsamba, chifukwa masamba ake alibe zokula... Kufalitsa mbewu ndiye njira yovuta kwambiri, ndi omwe amalima odziwa ntchito okha ndi omwe amasankha. Ndizothamanga kwambiri komanso kosavuta kukulitsa kukongola kwachilendo kuchokera pakucheka. Njirayi imalimbikitsidwa ndi ma orchids amodzi (Phalaenopsis, Vanilla, Wanda).

Kudula ndi njira yomwe mbeu imatha kufalikira ndikamazula gawo la mphukira, tsinde kapena tsamba. Monga kudula kwa orchid, gwiritsani ntchito pamwamba pa chomera kapena peduncle, kudula zidutswa. Tsinde la orchid limadulidwa limodzi ndi mizu yakumlengalenga. Malo owonongeka amathandizidwa ndi mpweya kapena fungicide. Kudula koteroko kumabzalidwa miphika ndi gawo lapadera ndikuyika wowonjezera kutentha. Chomera cha mayi chimayikidwa pafupi ndi icho. Mu microclimate yotentha komanso yamvula, nsaluyo imazika msanga, ndipo mphukira zatsopano zidzawonekera pa hemp yotsalayo.

Kudula kuchokera ku peduncles kudzafuna chidwi kwambiri. Momwe maluwa a orchid amabalira motere - tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Zofunika. Maluwa ochokera zaka zitatu ndi oyenera kudula, okhala ndi mizu yathanzi ndi masamba.

Ubwino ndi zovuta za njirayo

Ubwino waukulu wolumikiza ndi chomera chatsopano chimatengera makhalidwe onse a orchid wamayi... Izi ndizofunikira pamitundu yosawerengeka komanso yamtengo wapatali. Zinthu zodulira nthawi zonse zimakhalapo, komanso pakukula kwa ana, zofunikira zapadera zimafunikira - kutentha kosiyanitsa komanso ulamuliro wa chinyezi.

Zoyipa za njirayi zikuphatikiza kufa kwa cuttings. Osati onse amatulutsa mizu, ena amangowola. Chosavuta china ndikudikirira kwanthawi yayitali kuti ntchitoyi izike mizu. Kwa mwezi umodzi kapena kupitilira apo, amasungidwa munyumba yobiriwira ndipo adzafunika chisamaliro.

Malangizo pakusankha njira zoyendetsera peduncle

Chiyambi cha masika ndi nyengo yabwino kwambiri yoswana ya ma orchid. M'nyengo yozizira, adapeza nyonga ndikukonzekera nyengo yakukula. Pakumezanitsa, kamtengo kamene kamatengedwa kamene kamamaliza maluwa. Tsinde lalitali limakhala ndi masamba angapo osagona. Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala chathanzi, simungagwiritse ntchito zinthu za orchid zomwe zakumana ndi mavuto.

Ndikofunika kukonzekera kufalitsa ndi cuttings. Kuntchito muyenera:

• scalpel kapena mpeni wakuthwa;
• mankhwala opatsirana;
• Adamulowetsa kaboni;
• chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi chivindikiro, thumba kapena botolo la pulasitiki la wowonjezera kutentha.

Momwe mungafalikire - malangizo ndi sitepe ndi sitepe

Kunyumba, kufalitsa ndi cuttings kuyenera kuchitidwa motere:

1. Sanjani mpeni wakuthwa (scalpel) ndi mowa kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo.
2. Dulani peduncle pafupi ndi maziko momwe mungathere.
3. Kutengera kutalika kwa tsinde, imagawidwa m'magawo a masentimita 10-15. Kudula kulikonse kumayenera kukhala ndi masamba 2-3. Mukamadula, kumbukirani kuti impso ziyenera kukhala zotsika momwe zingathere.
4. Chitani zodulira zonse ndi magawo azomera za amayi ndi opangidwa ndi mpweya wa kaboni kapena wobiriwira wobiriwira. Izi ziteteza chomeracho kuti chisalowe m'malo opatsirana kudzera m'malo owonongeka.
5. Moss wa Sphagnum amayikidwa pansi pa chidebe ndikuthira. Zodula zimayikidwa mozungulira pamwamba pa moss. Onetsetsani kuti impso ya axillary ikuloza. Simusowa kuzamitsa kapena kuphimba. Kuti mutsegule rooting, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera gawo lapansi ndi yankho la biostimulant ya orchids "Augustine". Ntchito mlingo - piritsi 1 1.5 malita a madzi.
6. Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi chivindikiro chokhala ndi mabowo opumira mpweya ndichabwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mphika kapena chidebe china. Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikuphimba wowonjezera kutentha ndi zojambulazo kapena galasi. Izi zipereka chinyezi chokhazikika pakapangidwe ka mizu.
7. Chidebe chodulidwa chimayikidwa pamalo otentha pomwe kutentha sikutsika kuposa 25 °.
8. Kusamalira mphukira kumakhala pakunyowetsa gawo lapansi nthawi ndi nthawi. Kutsirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito botolo la kutsitsi. Kutentha kumachitika ndi madzi ofunda. Ndondomeko yothirira ndi masiku 3-4 aliwonse. Mphukira ziyenera kukhala ndi zowala zokwanira, koma siziyenera kukhala padzuwa. Izi zidzakulitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ngati ndi kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito kuyatsa kowonjezera ndi nyali za fulorosenti.

Moss wa Sphagnum ali ndi mabakiteriya ndipo amatha kusunga chinyezi chochuluka. Sichingasinthidwe popanga gawo lapansi la ma orchid achikulire ndi achichepere.

Patatha mwezi umodzi, masamba 2-3 ndi mizu zidzawoneka pa cuttings. Amatha kuziika m'miphika yosiyana.

Chithunzi

Pansipa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha kufalitsa kwa orchid ndi cuttings.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Mizu yoyamba pazinthuzi imayenera kudikirira pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Koma njira yoberekera sikuti nthawi zonse imapereka zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Chifukwa chodziwika cholephera ndikuphwanya malangizo osabereka.

Alimi ena amamera phesi ndi mphukira osati pa sphagnum, koma pamadzi. Njirayi imapereka zotsatira zochepa. Motsogozedwa ndi kuwala, mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuvunda amachulukana mofulumira m'madzi. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wokhazikika komanso kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakhudzana kumatha kupatsira scion mabakiteriya kapena bowa. Vutoli limabweranso kwa akatswiri. Chifukwa cha zochitika zenizeni, adapeza njira yothetsera vutoli - atangoyamba kuwonetsa nkhungu, mphukira imizidwa mu potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 40-50.

Kubzala orchid kunyumba sikuli kovuta monga momwe kumawonekera koyamba. Patsamba lathu mupeza zolemba pamalamulo okula maluwa ndi mizu, komanso za kubereketsa mitundu ya Dendrobium Nobile kunyumba.

Kutumiza mphika

Phesi lokhala ndi masamba ndi mizu limaphatikizidwa mumphika wosiyana. Zonsezi sizofunikira, koma mwana yekhayo amene wakula kuchokera ku impso ndi amene amasiyana. Kwa chomera chaching'ono, m'pofunika kukonzekera gawo lapansi.

Zidzafunika:

• makungwa a paini, owiritsa, owuma ndi kudula mzidutswa 8-10 mm kukula;
• makala
• sphagnum moss, omwe adayikidwa kale mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate;
• timiyala tating'onoting'ono tadothi kapena miyala yotentha ndi madzi.

Poto wamaluwa uyenera kukhala wapulasitiki, wowonekera, wokhala ndi mabowo ambiri olola kufikira kwaulere kwa mpweya. Ndibwino kuti muzisungunula mankhwala musanadzalemo. Ntchito yomasulira ndi iyi:

1. Mtsinje wa madzi umatsanulira pansi pa mphika.
2. Mwana wokula pachibowo amaikidwa pakati pa chidebecho.
3. Thirani makungwa osakanikirana ndi makala mumphika.
4. Moss wa Sphagnum amaikidwa pamwamba.
5. Gawoli limakhuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda ochokera mu botolo la kutsitsi.
6. Mphika wokhala ndi mmera umayikidwa pamalo owala. Pewani kukhala padzuwa ndi ma drafti.
7. Kutsirira kwotsatira kumachitika masiku atatu.

Zofunika. Kutsekemera kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu kumathetsa mawonekedwe a mafangasi ndi bakiteriya mu chomera chaching'ono.

Chithandizo chotsatira

Kuyika bwino mizu ndichinthu choyamba chokha chofalitsa maluwa. Chomera chaching'ono chimayenera kupanga zinthu zoyenera kuti zikule ndikukula. Maluwa achilendo amafunikira kuyatsa kwa maola 12 patsiku. Ndibwino kuti muyike pazenera lakummawa kapena chakumwera chakum'mawa. Kutentha bwino kumatengera mtundu wa orchid, koma pafupifupi chilimwe ndi 18-25 °, ndipo nyengo yozizira ndi 12-15 °.

Kuthirira mobwerezabwereza sikokwanira kwa orchid, imalolera mosavuta kusowa kwa chinyezi kuposa kuchuluka kwake. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda, ofewa, makamaka owiritsa. Sungunulani gawo lapansi likauma.

Ulamuliro wothirira umasiyanasiyana kwambiri kutengera nyengo. M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi maluwa, orchid imakhuthizidwa kamodzi pa sabata, m'nyengo yozizira - kawiri pamwezi. Akatswiri amadziwa kufunikira kothirira ndi mtundu wa mizu, ikakhala yowala - ndi nthawi yoti isungunutse chomeracho.

Kudyetsa chomera chaching'ono kumayamba milungu iwiri mutabzala. Gwiritsani ntchito fetereza wapadera wokhala ndi mchere ndikutsata zinthu. A mbali ya ntchito ndi kuchepetsa mlingo analimbikitsa ndi nthawi 3-5.

Kuthamangitsa kwa kukula kumathandizidwa ndikudyetsa kwambiri nitrogeni. Imachitika kawiri pamwezi. Maluwawo akamakula, amawaika mumphika wokulirapo.

Bungwe. Monga zodzitetezera, mphika wokhala ndi mmera wa orchid ungasungidwe m'malo owonjezera kutentha kwa milungu ina iwiri.

Chinyezi cham'mlengalenga ndichofunikira kwambiri kuti maluwa a orchid akhale abwino. Chinyezi cholimbikitsidwa ndi 60-70% kutengera mitundu. Chomeracho ndi chabwino kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Zimatsutsana ndi maluwa a orchid okha.

Maluwa amtundu wa orchid, amafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, amamasula mchaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha moyo. Chomera chosakhwima ndi chopanda tanthauzo chimafuna chisamaliro choyenera komanso chadongosolo. Kutengera zofunikira pakuchulukitsa ndi kukonza, imayankha ndi maluwa abwino kwambiri.

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