Malangizo pa chisamaliro cha orchid: chingachitike ndi chiyani ikatulutsa phesi la maluwa?
Ambiri a ife timawona kuti Orchid ndi duwa lokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi, chomera chokongola kwenikweni. Ndipo muvi wamaluwa ukayamba kukula mwa iye, ndiye kuti timamira ndikudikirira - nthawi yomwe masamba adzawonekere komanso momwe adzatsegulire. Kupatula apo, izi ndi zamatsenga zenizeni, ndipo, ndikufuna kuti ndizingosunga nthanoyi momwe zingathere. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi muyenera kusamalira bwino chiweto chanu.
M'nkhaniyi, tiona zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa atatulutsa peduncle, komanso pali kusiyana kotani posamalira chomera chisanabadwe ndi pambuyo pake.
Kodi kudzuka kwa bud kumatanthauza chiyani kwa chomera?
Ndi kuyamba kwa nthawi yophukira, Orchid amatha nthawi yopumayo ndipo chomeracho chimayamba kukonzekera nyengo yake yofunika kwambiri - maluwa. Iye, mwachilengedwe, adalimbikira izi, adapulumutsa mphamvu ndipo tsopano mphindi ikubwera pamene mapesi a maluwa amaphuka.
Pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, m'malo mwa masamba ang'onoang'ono, adzawonetsa maluwa otseguka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri panthawiyi kulipira ndi kusamalira duwa, kuthirira moyenera, kuthira feteleza ndikupereka kuyatsa bwino.
Kutchulidwa. Ngati panthawi yamaluwa yomaliza mudadula chopunthacho osakhala pansi, ndiye kuti kugwa mphukira yomwe ingagone imadzuka pamenepo ndipo muvi wamaluwa wotsatira uyamba kukula (maluwa adzawonekera mwachangu - pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5).
Mutha kudziwa zambiri za maluwa a orchid ndi momwe amawonekera pano.
Mfundo zosungira duwa isanachitike komanso nthawi yomwe masamba amayamba - pali kusiyana kotani?
Kusamalira munthawi zosiyanasiyana izi ndi kosiyana, tiyeni tiyerekeza:
- Kusamalira musanatulutsidwe pa peduncle - pomwe chomeracho chikupuma (sichikufalikira), chimayenera kusamalidwa bwino kuti chikhale ndi mphamvu yakutha maluwa:
Kuthirira ndikofunikira pamene mizu yauma.
- Sungani chinyezi choyenera komanso kutentha.
- Kuunikira kuyenera kugwira ntchito.
- Mosamala komanso pafupipafupi yang'anani maluwawo ngati tizirombo.
- Simuyenera kutengeka ndi zovala zapamwamba, apo ayi Orchid imatha "kunenepa", kukula masamba ndi mizu, koma osafalikira.
Ngati sichimaphuka kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kukonza "zovuta", ndiye kuti, pangani zikhalidwe zomwe sizimakhala bwino: mwina muziyikonzeranso malo amdima, kapena pangani "chilala" pang'ono (kuchepetsa kuthirira). Pambuyo pazochitikazi, ma peduncles nthawi zambiri amabwera.
- Kusamalira nthawi yochotsedwa kwa peduncle - osamala pang'ono, inde, muyenera kuwala, ndipo chinyezi cha mlengalenga chikuyenera kukhala choyenera, kayendedwe ka kutentha kuyenera kuwonedwa, koma kudyetsa pambuyo poyambitsidwa kwa peduncle kumayambiranso nthawi yomweyo. Pakadali pano, zimakhudza thanzi la chitsamba chonse cha Orchid komanso mtundu wamaluwa, makamaka.
Gawo ndi gawo malangizo osamalira
Ndiye, ndichite chiyani kenako pamene orchid yapereka kale peduncle? Ngati mukutsatira molondola malangizo onse ndi chisamaliro, ndiye kuti maluwa adzakondweretsa maso athu kwa nthawi yayitali. Tiyeni tikhale pa mfundo zofunika kwambiri:
- Kusankha mpando - kutulutsa kwa peduncle, mphika uyenera kuyikidwa pazenera lakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwazenera, pali kuwala osati kutentha kwa dzuwa. Ngati pali zenera limodzi lokha ndipo likuyang'ana mbali yakumwera kwa nyumbayo, ndiye kuti shading yokha ingakupulumutseni pakuyaka ndi mavuto ena.
- Kutentha - m'dzinja - m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 20 - 25 madigiri, uku ndikutentha kwabwino kwa maluwa a Orchids. Kutentha kwamadzulo usiku kuyenera kukhala kocheperako.
- Chinyezi - Chinyezi chofunikira: 60 - 70%, sichovuta kwenikweni kuchikwaniritsa nthawi yotentha, mpweya wokhala mnyumba umakhala wouma kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, zingakhale bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chopangira chopangira mpweya, koma ndizotheka, komanso kuchokera pazinthu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito - mutha kuyika mphika wamaluwa mumtsuko waukulu wokhala ndi madzi, pansi pake timatsanulira timiyala kapena dongo kuti madzi asanduke.
Malangizo. Maluwawo amafunika kuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda ndipo asanadye nkhomaliro, pambuyo pa nkhomaliro ndi osafunika.
- Kuyatsa - kuwala kowala kofunikira kumafunikira, nthawi ya masana ikafupika, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuwonjezera maluwa anu kuti masamba ndi maluwa asaphwanye; kusowa kwa kuwala kumakhudza mawonekedwe a maluwa nthawi yomweyo.
Kuthirira - chomerachi, ndimakonda chinyezi ndipo kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, nthaka siyenera kuloledwa kuti iume, koma sichikulimbikitsidwa kuti isasunthike (kuwonongeka kwa mizu). Ngati orchid adataya peduncle kumapeto, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo ndibwino kutsitsa mphika m'madzi kuti uchere, ndiye kuti madziwo azibwezeretsa m'malo mwake.
- Zovala zapamwamba - panthawiyi ndikofunikira, kuyika pafupifupi kawiri pamwezi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wamadzi a Orchids, zonse ndizoyenera pamenepo.
Mavuto ndi zovuta
Pakukula chomera chosangalatsa chotentha m'nyumba, mwachilengedwe, nthawi zina pamabuka zovuta, mwachitsanzo:
- Maluwawo safuna kuphuka - zitha kukhala chifukwa chothirira kwambiri kapena kuthirira kosayenera.
- Ngati mumathirira duwa mumphika womwe uli ndi ngalande zabwino, ndiye kuti madziwo amatuluka mwachangu ndipo dothi silikhala ndi nthawi yonyowa ndikukhuta chinyezi, ndiye kuti chomeracho chilibe madzi okwanira.
- Ngati pali ngalande yosauka ndipo nthaka yolumikizana mwamphamvu ndi mizu, ndiye kuti kuthirira mumphika nthawi zonse, mizu iyamba kuvunda - palibe nthawi yamaluwa.
Chifukwa chake, kuthirira kuyenera kuchitidwa mwa kumiza.
- The peduncle akutembenukira chikasu - zitha kuwoneka kuti peduncle yayamba kukula, zonse zili bwino, tikuyembekezera mawonekedwe a masamba ndi maluwa, komabe, zitha kuchitika kuti mwadzidzidzi imasiya kukula ndikuyamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi kuuma.
Cholinga chake ndikuti chomeracho sichinakonzekere maluwa, chomwe tidayipsa nacho (kukonza zovuta zingapo), idapereka mphamvu zake zonse kutulutsa muvi wamaluwa ndipo ndizo zonse, ndipo mphamvu zowonjezereka zauma, zimangodula peduncle (kumunsi) ndi patsani maluwawo mpumulo.
- Masamba amasanduka achikasu - pakhoza kukhala zifukwa ziwiri zotsutsana - kutentha kwa dzuwa kapena, kusowa kwa kuwala.
- Ndikutentha, mawanga abulauni amatuluka koyamba pamasamba ndikufalikira tsamba lonselo, patapita kanthawi tsamba lonse limasanduka lachikasu.
- Popanda kuwala, masambawo amayamba kusanduka chikasu kumapeto kwenikweni, ndiye kuti chikaso chimafalikira mpaka kumaupangiri.
Likukhalira kuti vuto lonse pano limachitika chifukwa cha kuyatsa kosankhidwa molondola - kukongola kwanu kuyima pamalo olakwika.
- Masamba amagwa - pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo pakadali pano - chifukwa chosowa kuwala mpaka kupitirira muyeso, kuchokera pakumwa mopitirira muyeso mpaka kutsirira kokwanira, kuchokera pafupi ndi batri (mpweya wouma), kapena mwina pali zipatso chabe pafupi - maapulo okhala ndi nthochi omwe amatulutsa mpweya wa ethylene, ndi masamba anavutika nazo.
Chisamaliro chosayenera ndi zotsatira zake
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, sipangakhale mavuto, kapena zovuta zilizonse, koma, mwatsoka, sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse:
- Choyamba, sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kupanga mbewu zoyenera kuti mbewuzo zimere mapesi a maluwa (werengani za chifukwa chomwe maluwa samatulutsa phesi la maluwa ndi momwe angapangire izi, werengani apa);
- chachiwiri, pali vuto losakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yopita.
Zofunika! Chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zidapangidwira Orchid, tizirombo tambiri titha kuwoneka kapena chomeracho chimangodwala.
Nthawi zambiri, zotsatirazi zitha kuwononga chomeracho:
Kangaude - maluwa oyera osasangalatsa amapezeka pamasamba, ulusi wopyapyala, amawonekera m'mphepete mwa tsamba. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti chinyezi sichokwanira, duwa limafunika kusambitsidwa bwino kusamba (kungotentha), kuloledwa kuti liume, kenako limathandizidwa ndi ma acaricides.
- Mkuntho - ndi oyera ndipo amawoneka ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono toyera m'masamba. Muyenera kuzichotsa masambawo posachedwa (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokedwa ndi thonje), kenako ndikuwathira mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Whitefly - "gulugufe" wowopsa yemwe amatha kuwononga chomeracho. Muyenera kusamba kaye ndi sopo wofunda ndi sopo wochapira, ndikuchitiranso mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Thrips - amatha kupatsira masamba ndi maluwa mwakamodzi, amapyoza tsamba m'mphepete mwa proboscis yawo ndikuyamwa madziwo, tsamba limayamba kukhala lachikasu. Tiyenera kuyika chomeracho msamba, kutsuka tsamba lililonse ndi maluwa, kenako ndikukonza ndi Aktara.
Matenda ofala kwambiri chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera:
- Kugonjetsedwa kovunda - matenda a fungal, muyenera kuchotsa masamba omwe akukhudzidwa ndikuwaza mabalawo. Chifukwa chake ndi chinyezi chambiri kutentha.
- Fusarium - masamba amafewetsa ndikuphimbidwa ndi maluwa otumbululuka, mawanga amawonekera - chithandizo ndi Fundazol (mkati mwa sabata) chingakuthandizeni. Chifukwa chake ndi kuchepa komanso chinyezi chochuluka.
- Powdery mildew - pachimake choyera pamapezeka masamba ndi masamba, chithandizo ndi yankho la colloidal sulfure kapena kukonzekera "Skor" kudzakuthandizani. Chifukwa chake ndikupanga "zotenthetsera", ndiye kuti, kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi.
- Malo a tsamba - Kuwonekera kwa malo amdima, amvula kumawonetsa kuti mwatengeka kwambiri ndi kudyetsa. Masambawo amayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo duwa limayikidwa ndi fungicide.
Onerani kanema wazomwe mungachite munthawi ya kukula kwa phesi la maluwa ndi kuphukira mu ma orchid:
Mapeto
Zachidziwikire, ma Orhidet onse ndi okongola, koma iliyonse ndi yokongola komanso yosangalatsa mwa njira yake. Njira yabwino yopezera luso lanu loyamba kusamalira nyumba ndikusankha mtundu wodziwika kwambiri komanso "womvera kwambiri," monga Phalaenopsis. Ndipo ali ndi chidziwitso pakubwera chikhumbo choyesera "kuwongolera" mtundu wina wosakhalitsa, mawonekedwe achilendo, omwe pamapeto pake akhoza kukhala ngale yazosonkhanitsira.