Timakula chomera chosiyana modabwitsa kunyumba: chisamaliro ndi kubereka masheya, komanso chithunzi cha duwa

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Chilombo chokongola - ndizomwe wamaluwa amatcha maluwa awa. Stapelia ndi chomera chosiyana modabwitsa: kutsutsa kowonekera kwachisomo chakunja ndi fungo loyipa. Ndipo, zikuwoneka, ndi ndani yemwe angayerekeze kukongoletsa pazenera lakanyumba kapena pakona lamaluwa poyambira?

Koma, chodabwitsa, pali okonda maluwa awa padziko lapansi - malo okonda zomangamanga omangidwa m'tawuni yaku Sweden ya Uppsala ndichitsimikizo china cha izi. Alendo ena ochokera kumtunda wotentha ndiwosakhwima komanso opanda chidwi, ena ndiwodzichepetsa komanso ovomerezeka. Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira zanzeru zina zosamalira duwa ili ndi njira zoberekera, ndipo mutha kuwona chithunzi cha chomerachi.

Makhalidwe akusamalira maluwa

Kuyatsa

Stapelia amakonda kuwala kowala, koma kosakanikirana. Kukula kunyumba, zenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa ndiloyenera. Kumwera kumalandiranso, koma masana dzuwa miphika imasowa mthunzi. Kuti muchite izi, tulle kapena gauze amatambasulidwa mozungulira pazenera. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chinsalu cha pepala mozungulira mbewu zanu zokoma, kapena kuyika tepi yamagalasi owonekera kuchokera ku sitolo ya hardware kupita pagalasi. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kwanthawi yayitali kumatha kuyambitsa zotentha pamitengo yokoma ya mbewu.

Koma amafunika kupatsidwa dzuwa tsiku ndi tsiku. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, ndibwino kuti tisiye kotuluka padzuwa tsiku lonse. M'nyengo yamitambo, kuyatsa ndi nyali zapadera (incandescent, fluorescent kapena LED) kumafunika.

CHOFUNIKA! Ngati mlendo uyu waku Africa adakulira mumthunzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti maphunziro opepuka ayenera kuchitika mwaukhondo komanso bwino.

Stapelia amatambasukira kuwalako ndipo amatha kukula pokhota ngati mphika sunasanduke kamodzi pamwezi kotala lathunthu. Simungachite izi popanga masamba - kukongola kopanda tanthauzo kumatha kuwagwedeza.

Chinyezi

Nyengo yamvula yambiri ndiyabwino kukula. Koma mpweya wouma sungalepheretse chomeracho kukula bwino. Chinyezi chochepa chimavulaza m'matangadza, chifukwa chimalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa tizirombo pa zimayambira. Nthawi zambiri simufunikira kupopera zokoma, kuyesera kuti musafike pamaluwa omwe atsegulidwa. Madzi ochulukirapo pamasamba amawononga mawonekedwe awo ndipo amatsogolera pakuola.

Kutentha

M'nyengo yotentha, masheya amakonda 22-26 madigiri Celsius. Amatha kukonza tchuthi chenicheni cha chilimwe pakhonde lotseguka kapena khonde. Kuti muumitse ndikusintha moyo wathanzi, ndikofunikira kutengera chomeracho kumunda tsiku lonse, kuteteza ku mvula ndi mphepo yamkuntho yozizira.

Dzinja ndi masika ndi nthawi yopuma. Munthawi imeneyi, kutsika kumatha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri 13-15.

Kuthirira

Kwa kuthirira, madzi ofewa, osasankhidwa kapena otetezedwa ndi oyenera. Dinani klorini ndi kuzizira kumatha kupha chomeracho. M'chilimwe muyenera kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata komanso pang'ono.

Pakati pa nyengo yokula (masika ndi nthawi yophukira) - kamodzi pamasabata awiri, pomwe dothi louma limauma bwino. Ngati gawo lazomera liyamba kukwinyika, lilibe chinyezi chokwanira ndipo mphamvu yakuthirira iyenera kukulitsidwa. Kuthirira m'nyengo yozizira - pokhapokha nthaka itauma mpaka pansi pamphika. Kuyambira Disembala mpaka Januware, masheya mwina sangakonzedwe konse.

Zovala zapamwamba

M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, munthu amadyetsedwa milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi feteleza wazakumwa kapena cacti. Feteleza a Potash omwe amagulidwa m'masitolo apadera (Garden of Miracles, Uniflor, Agricola, Gilea, Power of Life, Reasil) amalola kuti masheya akhale olimba komanso opirira.

Potaziyamu imagwira ntchito yosasinthika m'moyo wa zomera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi azitha kupirira chinyezi. Kuphatikiza apo, imachepetsa kagayidwe kake ka cell, imathandizira kusintha kwa photosynthesis (komwe ndikofunikira pakumanga zobiriwira zobiriwira), kuyambitsa zochitika za michere yambiri, kumalimbitsa zimayambira ndikuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha dzimbiri ndi powdery mildew. Ndi bwino kuyika feterezayu pang'ono pang'ono.

Mwiniwakeyo amatha kukonzekera chisakanizo chokhacho.

Kuti achite izi, amafunika kusakaniza 25 g ya potaziyamu phosphate ndi 40 g ya potaziyamu sulfure, kuwonjezera 30 g wa superphosphate (kapena 15 g wawiri), 1 g wa magnesium sulphate ndi 10 g wa potaziyamu sulphate. Gulu la mankhwalawa limasungunuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda.
Njira yopangira umuna ndi ndowe ya ng'ombe ndiyosasangalatsa kwa munthu, koma mungatani kwa chiweto chanu chobiriwira chobiriwira! Manyowa ndi madzi ofanana amafanizidwa mu chotengera, chatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro ndikuyika m'malo amdima kwa mwezi umodzi. Musanagwiritse ntchito, zomwe zalembedwazo zimagwedezeka ndikusungunuka ndi madzi 1:10.

CHENJEZO! M'nyengo yozizira komanso yophukira, simungadyetse okoma.

Gawo lapansi

Woimira Africa yotentha amakonda nthaka yothira kwambiri, yamchenga ndi acidity ofooka kapena osalowerera ndale (5.5-7). Kuchokera m'sitolo, mutha kubweretsa dothi lokonzekera bwino lazomera zokoma, pomwe pamakhala makala amoto kunyumba. Kwa mapangidwe odziyimira pawokha osakanikirana, nthaka ya sod ndi mchenga wolimba zimapezeka. Kusakaniza chiŵerengero - 2: 1.

Kudulira

Mukameta mitengo m'matangadza, mphukira zamatenda ndi zonenepa zimachotsedwa. Zoterezi zimatha kulimbikitsa kukula ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe okoma. Amatha kuchitika chaka chilichonse. Malo odulidwa amawaza ndi mpweya wa carbon kapena phulusa lamatabwa.

Chithunzi

Pachithunzichi mutha kuwona momwe katundu wanyumba akuwonekera.

Njira zoberekera

Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yofalitsira maluwa amenewa ndi iti? Ndi mbewu kapena vegetatively? Tiyeni tione njira zonsezo mwatsatanetsatane.

Mbewu

Njira yoberekera ndiyabwino kwa wamaluwa wodwala kwambiri. Mbeu zimapsa pang'onopang'ono - chaka chimodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Chinthu china chosasangalatsa ndikulephera kuneneratu za mbewu ya mtsogolo. Chifukwa - mosavuta kuwoloka mitundu yonse yama stock yomwe ili mkati wina ndi mnzake.

Choyamba, muyenera kuyembekezera kukhwima kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Nthawi imeneyi imasiyanasiyana kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka chaka chimodzi ndi theka.
Mbewu imasiya msanga kumera, motero kubzala sikungachedwetsedwe. Amakhala ozungulira, osalala, ofiira amtundu. Amatsukidwa ndi fluff oyera ndikusungidwa kwa maola 2-3 mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate.
Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, amafesedwa mu chidebe chosalala ndi kusakaniza kotsirizidwa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopepuka (mwachitsanzo, chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga). Njerezo zimayalidwa pamwamba, zokutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu yolumikiza pamwamba kuti apange chinyezi cha 100%, ndikuyikidwa pamalo owala. Kutentha kwapakati kumasungidwa pamadigiri 22-24. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse.
Mbande imapezeka patatha masabata 3-4 mutabzala.
Mbande zimabzalidwa m'miphika kapena makapu osiyana ndi masentimita 6-8.

Kuika kwotsatira kumangopita chaka chotsatira. Zimayambira zazing'ono zimasamutsidwa kuzitsulo zokulirapo potumiza. Mutha kudikirira maluwa mchaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi. Mbande ikhoza kuyanika pochotsa kanemayo molawirira kwambiri. Kukula kwakumera kwatsopano kwayandikira 100%.

Zifukwa zakusowa kwa mphukira:

tsiku lothera ntchito latha;
mbewu zidafesedwa molakwika;
kuyiwala kuwathirira pa nthawi yake.

Zodula

Kubereketsa kwa ndiwo zamasamba ndikoyenera kwambiri komanso mwachangu kwambiri. Ndiye mumamera bwanji maluwa?

Njira imadulidwa kuchokera pa tsinde la amayi ndi tsamba lakuthwa, ndikuuma masiku awiri mumlengalenga. Mphukira zakale zomwezo, zomwe ziyenera kutayikiratu, ndizoyenera kudula. Mabalawo ali ndi mafuta ndi makala. Tsambalo limayambitsidwanso. Malowa amasankhidwa ofunda ndi mpweya wabwino.
Cuttings amabzalidwa m'mitsuko yosaya ndi chisakanizo cha peat chips ndi mchenga wonyezimira. Mutha kungogwiritsa ntchito mchenga womwe kale udawerengedwa mu uvuni.
Makontena ali pamazenera pazenera lakum'mawa, kumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo.
Kuthirira koyamba sikumatha masiku awiri pambuyo pake. M'mawa uliwonse, kupopera mbewu ndi kuyendetsa nthaka kumachitika.
Ngati cuttings muzu bwino, mungagwiritse ntchito tichotseretu chilimbikitso.

CHOFUNIKA! Mphika wokonzekerayo uyenera kuti udadzazidwa ndi theka la ngalandezo. Pazitsulo, dothi lokulitsa, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta pulasitiki, matope a dongo, miyala, ndi tchipisi ta njerwa amasankhidwa.

Nthaka ndi ngalande zonse zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda musanabzala (ndikudutsanso) - ndi nthunzi kapena madzi otentha.

Tumizani

Masheya achichepere amafunika kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse. Okhwima - kamodzi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse. Ngati mwiniwakeyo sanachite kudulira kosiyana, mphukira zapakati zimachotsedwa muzitsanzo zakale. Pamsinkhu uwu, sadzaphukanso. Chifukwa cha mizu yofooka, mphika wosanjikiza umatengedwa pang'ono.

Chomera chokhwima chomwe chatulutsidwa mumphika chimatsukidwa bwino ndi zotsalira za nthaka ndikusiya mphepo kwa maola angapo. Pambuyo pobzala, njirayo siyimwetsedwe kwa masiku angapo kuti mizu isavunde. Dzikoli likangoyenda kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mphika kupita pansi, mutha kukatenga chidebe chothirira. Kwa ma livers okwanira ndikwanira kuti musinthe nthongo.

Kukula kwa chidebecho kumadalira kukula kwa chomeracho. Kwa oimira achichepere amtunduwu, miphika yaying'ono imakonzedwa, patatha chaka amasinthidwa ndi yayikulu m'mimba mwake. Olima alimi alangizidwa kuti asankhe mphika wapulasitiki, chifukwa umakhala ndi madzi bwino. Koma ziwiya zadothi zosagulitsidwa zitha kugulidwanso.

Chifukwa chiyani chomeracho sichimafalikira?

Maluwa m'matangadza amapitilira miyezi yonse yotentha. Duwa limodzi limakhala masiku 3 mpaka 5.

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zosowa maluwa ndi kusowa kwa kuwala.
China chomwe chingayambitse kusowa kwa potaziyamu. Chifukwa cha ichi, masamba obiriwira amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo masambawo sanapangidwe bwino. Chizindikiro choyamba cha njala ya potaziyamu ndiye chomwe chimatchedwa kutentha pang'ono. Mphepete zofiirira za zimayambira zimakhala ngati zapsereza. Pankhani ya zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, muyenera kudyetsa mwachangu.
Njira yachitatu ndikuzunza feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri. Ngati wamaluwa aiwala kuwonjezera mchenga mumphika, sawonanso maluwa.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Tchulani! Chomera chimakhala ndi potaziyamu wochuluka mukamadyetsa, ndipo m'pamenenso chimayamba kulimbana ndi matenda.

Ngati zimayambira zimakhala zofiirira, chomeracho chimatenthedwa kwambiri ndipo mwina chapsa ndi dzuwa. Iyenera kukonzedwanso nthawi yomweyo kupita kumalo amithunzi.
Kupindika kwa zimayambira, kutambasula kwawo kwakukulu kumachitika chifukwa chosowa kuwala. Mphika umasunthidwira pamalo owala kapena kuyatsa kwina kumayatsidwa.
Madzi osasunthika m'nthaka amatsogolera ku mafangasi ndi mizu yowola. Chizindikiro cha izi ndi mphukira zowuma. Ngati dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi lochepa, mutha kuyesa kudula gawo lowola ndikukonza chitsamba chonse ndi yankho la 0.05% la madzi a Bordeaux. Pakakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu, chipulumutso chimangofalikira ndi kudula.
Ngati zakudya zamatangadza zidayamba kufota ndikusintha chikaso, kenako nkugwa, nkhaniyi ikuphwanya zakudya zoyenera, potaziyamu wochulukirapo. Mlingo wa pansi pa nthaka ndi theka.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs ndi nthata za kangaude. Kulimbana ndi aliyense wa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe ake.

Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhazikika pamamasamba ndikumapulumuka poyamwa madziwo. Njirayi imagwira ntchito kwambiri kwakuti pakatha masiku angapo chomeracho chimayamba kupunduka, kupindika ndikuuma pamaso pathu. Kupopera mankhwala ndi Aktara kumapereka zotsatira zabwino munthawi yochepa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owerengeka - tincture wa anyezi peel, adyo kapena yarrow.
Mealybug imayamwitsanso timadziti kuchokera ku masamba ndi zimayambira, koma ndizovuta kwambiri kulimbana nayo, chifukwa mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, Actellik, Bankol, Tsimbush) ndi owopsa kwambiri komanso owopsa kwa anthu. Tetezani maso anu, mkamwa ndi mphuno. Nyongolotsi imafuna mankhwala 2-3 motsatizana.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tofanana ndi ubweya wa nkhosa, zotumphukira zoyera pamitengo, ndi ulusi waimvi pamitundayo zimawonetsa mawonekedwe a kangaude. Stapelia, nthaka, mphika mkati ndi kunja amapopera mankhwala a acaricides (Neoron, Nissoran, Apollo). Patsiku limodzi, ngati anthu amoyo apita, njira zina 3-4 zimachitika (pakadutsa masiku 10 ngati nyengo ili yotentha, 5 - ngati yatentha).

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati mizu ikuwola?

Kuwonongeka kwa mizu chifukwa cha kusefukira ndi vuto wamba. Zomwe zimayambira zimasuluka ndipo zimawonongeka. Njira yokhayo ndiyo kumalumikiza. Phesi limadulidwa kwambiri kuposa malo owola (kapena mwana wamkazi wathanzi amathyoledwa) ndikubzala molingana ndi malamulo a cuttings.

Zovuta zopezeka

Stapelia angakhale chiweto choyenera cha ngodya yobiriwira yakunyumba, ngati sichingakhale chimodzi "koma". Kuuluka mungu ndi ntchentche zakufa ndiko "kuwunikira" kwa duwa ili. Evolution yasamalira nyambo ya otola munguwo - fungo lomwe limakumbutsa kununkhira kwa nyama yovunda, ina ngati nsomba zowola, koma nthawi zambiri zimakupangitsani kutsina mphuno.

Mitundu yokhayo yomwe ilibe fungo loipa ndi flavo-purpurea, yomwe imamera ku Namibia.

Onerani kanema wonena zinsinsi zosamalira ndikukula masheya kunyumba:

Mapeto

"Ntchentche yotentha" idzakhala mosangalala m'nyumba iliyonse, eni ake sangawope fungo lachilendo. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kulimbana nazo mosavuta panyumba, mwachitsanzo, pobzala panjira ya florarium kapena kuyiyika pakhonde. Maluwa okongola, omwe amakumbutsa za anthu osangalatsa a m'nyanja, adzadabwitsa mwini wawo kwa nthawi yayitali.

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