Minga yodabwitsa mnyumba: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtundu wa Cleistocactus. Ndi maluwa ati omwe mungasankhe ndi momwe mungasamalire?

Cleistocactus ndi wa ku South America cacti; osati kale kwambiri, mitundu ingapo ya cacti, yomwe kale imadziwika kuti ndiyodziyimira pawokha, idaphatikizidwa mgululi. Pakadali pano, cleistocactus imaphatikizapo pafupifupi 50 zazing'ono zazomera zomwe ndizabanja la South America cacti.

Posachedwa, mtundu uwu wa cacti watchuka ngati kubzala nyumba.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Chokoma ichi chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri. Dziko lakwawo ndi Latin America, komwe limakula mwachilengedwe, kumadera akumpoto kwambiri, cleistocactus imakula kunyumba.

Chomera chokoma chili ndi dzina lachilatini lotchedwa Cleistocactus, komabe, zimachokera ku Greek "cleisto", lomwe limatanthauza "kutsekedwa", mtundu uwu wa nkhadze umakhala ndi dzinali chifukwa chodziwika bwino ndi maluwa ake, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala machubu otsekedwa amitundumitundu.

Chomeracho chinapezeka koyamba mu 1861 m'mapiri. Popeza mtunduwu uli ndi ma subspecies ambiri, zimayambira za subspecies zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Itha kukhala yowongoka, pogona, ndi nthambi, koma mawonekedwe ake onse ndi ozungulira.

Tsinde lake limatchulidwanso, pamwamba pake pali mitsempha yaying'ono yoyera, imvi kapena yachikaso. Kukula kwa nkhadze kumadalira mitunduyo, ina imatha kufikira 4 mita. Mukakulira m'nyumba, kukula kwa Cleistocactus kumakhala kochepa.

Mitundu

Mtunduwo uli ndi mitundu yambiri, koma yotchuka kwambiri imatha kusiyanitsidwa.

Zima

Amakhala ambiri osakwanira, koma atali, achikasu zimayambiraMitundu yamtundu uwu ndi yachikasu wobiriwira, ndipo maluwawo ndi apinki okhala ndi malo a lalanje.

Tupian

Ili ndi zimayambira zobiriwira zazitali komanso zopindika pang'ono. Zimayambira zimakhala ndi mithunzi yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki. Maluwa ofiira ndi ochepa.

Ritter

Tsinde la chomerachi ndi lalifupi kwambiri, lodzaza ndi singano zoyera zambiri. Maluwa achikaso amapezeka pafupifupi pamtunda wonse wa tsinde. Chifukwa cha "kusintha kwake" komanso maluwa ambiri, ma subspecies amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwazokongoletsa kwambiri pamtunduwu (werengani za fluffy cacti apa).

Emarodi

Zimayambira za mitundu iyi zimatha kukhala zowongoka kapena pang'ono pang'ono. Mitengo yayitali yachikaso ndiyosowa. Maluwawo ndi ofiira ndipo ali ndi malire a emerald pamwamba (werengani za cacti wokhala ndi ma pinki ndi maluwa apa).

Strauss

Cactus wofala kwambiri pamtundu wake, tsinde la mtundu uwu ndi lalitali ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi nthambi, singano zasiliva zimaphimba tsinde. Maluwa a Strauss Cleistocactus amabwera mumitundu yonse yofiira ndi pinki.

Kusamalira kunyumba

• Kuyatsa. Cleistocactus imafunika kuyatsa nthawi zonse komanso bwino. Chomeracho sichiwopa kuwala kwa dzuwa chifukwa cha minga. Pakati pa kuchepa kwa dzuwa (nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira), zokoma zimayenera kuunikiridwa ndi nyali zapadera.
• Kuthirira ndi chinyezi. Chomerachi chimasinthidwa mokwanira kuti chikhale chouma komanso kusowa kwa chinyezi, komabe, ndibwino kuti dothi pansi pa nkhadze likhale lonyowa nthawi zonse, popeza ndizosatheka kusefukira kwambiri, chifukwa pali chiopsezo chovunda chomera. Muthiranso kuthira minyewa ya cactus ndi madzi ofunda kuti musunge chinyezi komanso kuchotsa fumbi.
• Kutentha. Pakudzuka kwa chomeracho, m'pofunika kukhala otentha kwambiri (pafupifupi + 25 ° С), m'nthawi yozizira ya cleistocactus, kutentha kozungulira kumayenera kukhala kozizira (pafupifupi + 15 ° С).

  Zofunika! Cleistocactus salola kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, kotero kusintha kumayenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono.

• Kuyambitsa. Kubzala kuyenera kuchitika mu dothi losakanikirana ndi cacti, kapena pangani dothi nokha mwa kusakaniza peat, turf, dothi lamasamba ndi mchenga wamtsinje wowaza poyerekeza 1: 2: 2: 4.

  Sitiyenera kuiwala za ngalande, popeza cleistocactus silingalole chinyezi chochulukirapo, imayenera kuthiridwa mumphika ndi masentimita angapo.

• Mphika. Mukamabzala mtundu uwu wa nkhadze, zokonda ziyenera kupatsidwa miphika yadothi yapakatikati. Kuika kulikonse kuyenera kuchitidwa posankha mphika wokulirapo 2-3 cm.
• Kudulira. Kudulira Cleistocactus sikusiyana ndi kudulira nkhadze zonse:
  1. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera zonse zomwe mukufuna (tsamba lakuthwa kapena mpeni, mphika watsopano, nthaka ndi ngalande) kuti mudulire bwino.
  2. Mukakonzekera, muyenera kudula chidutswa ku chomera chakale 7-8 cm.
  3. Kenako muyenera kupukuta pensulo ngati pensulo kuti ikauma, pamwamba pake pali nkhwangwa.
  4. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuyanika nkhadze mu chidebe kwa sabata limodzi ndikubzala m'nthaka yoyenera cleistocactus.
• Tumizani.
  1. Choyamba muyenera kukonza nthaka, ngalande ndi mphika wokhala ndi mainchesi 5-7 cm wokulirapo kuposa wakale.
  2. Kupumula kumapangidwa m'nthaka ya mphika watsopano, womwe ungafanane ndi mizu ya Kleistocactus.
  3. Komanso, mu magolovesi apadera komanso mothandizidwa ndi zida zam'munda, nkhadze zimachotsedwa m'nthaka.
  4. Cactus imayikidwa pakukhwimitsa nthaka, kenako mizu iyenera kukonkhedwa ndi nthaka.
  5. Tsopano zomwe zatsalira ndikunyowetsa nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi.

  Chomera chaching'ono chiyenera kubzalidwa nthawi iliyonse masika, pambuyo pa mphikawo utaposa masentimita 15-17, kumuika kumachitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse.

• Zovala zapamwamba. Zovala zapamwamba za Kleistocactus zimayenera kuchitika kamodzi pamasabata awiri aliwonse ndi feteleza wapadera kwa okoma; m'nyengo yozizira, palibe chifukwa chomeretsera nkhadzeyo.
• Nyengo yozizira. Nyengo ya cacti yonse ndi nyengo yapadera. M'nyengo yozizira, cleistocactus iyenera kuchotsedwa pamalo owuma, amdima komanso ozizira. Kutentha kokwanira kwa nyengo yozizira ndi + 10-12 ° C, kuthirira panthawiyi kuyenera kukhala kocheperako, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mtanda wadothi sumauma.

Makhalidwe a chisamaliro chakunja

Kukula kwa Cleistocactus panja kumatanthauza kukulira pansi koyenera. Chifukwa chake, kulima kwa zokoma izi kumatheka kokha kumadera otentha kwambiri komanso masiku ambiri okhala ndi dzuwa. Ku Russia, kukula kwa nkhadze kumatheka kokha m'magawo ochepa akumwera. Cactus iyenera kukhala ndi dzuwa lokwanira, michere ndi chinyezi siziyenera kukhala mopitilira muyeso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthaka nthawi zonse ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, moisten ndi manyowa.

Kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi njira zowongolera

Pofalitsa nkhadze ndi mbewu muyenera:

1. Konzani nyembazo poziviika m'madzi.
2. Konzani nthaka ndi mphika pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo am'mbuyomu.
3. Bzalani nyembazo panthaka yonyowa, ndipo ikani mphikawo pamalo owala.
4. Yembekezerani kutuluka kwa mphukira, kenako, wokomayo akadzakula, amayenera kuikidwa mumphika wokulirapo nthawi iliyonse.

Pamene Kleistokactus imafalikira ndi njira zowongolera, muyenera:

1. Choyamba muyenera kusankha "makanda" olimba kwambiri komanso athanzi ndikuwasiyanitsa mosamala ndi chomera cha amayi.
2. Kenako amafunika kuyanika mofanana ndi momwe amadulira.
3. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera mphika woyenera, kutsanulira ngalande ndi dothi la zokoma mmenemo.
4. Kenako, mutabzala poteropo m'nthaka, iyenera kumangirizidwa pachithandizo kuti izike mizu moyenera.
5. Nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse, pomwe mphukira imayamba ndikukula, muyenera kuyamba kudyetsa.
6. Scion imafunikanso kuikidwa mumphika wokulirapo.

Pachimake

Cleistocactus imayamba pachimake chomera chikakhwima ndikufika kutalika kwa theka la mita. Mphukira zimakula motalika komanso zowala kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zobiriwira ndi zoyera. Duwa limatsegulira pang'ono, koma izi sizimalepheretsa kukhala lokongola kwambiri.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera kapena zovuta, mitundu ingapo ya zowola imatha kuwoneka pa nkhadze. Tsinde lodwala liyenera kupatulidwa nthawi yomweyo, apo ayi limawopseza kufa kwa chomeracho. Mealybugs kapena akangaude amathanso kukhazikika pa Kleistokactus. Kulimbana nawo kuyenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa ndi maluwa.

Zokoma zofananira

Zomera zomwe zimafanana ndi Cleistocactus zimaphatikizaponso mitundu yambiri yazakumwa zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ndi izi:

• Zolemba - zokwawa cactus ndi maluwa okongola.
• Mammillaria - nkhadze yozungulira, yolumikizidwa pang'ono, ndi maluwa a pinki.
• Trichocereus kuyeretsa - columnar cactus yokhala ndi maluwa oyera (zambiri za trichocereus apa).
• Cereus - nkhadze yokhala ndi imodzi kapena zingapo, ndi maluwa a zygomorphic pa zimayambira.
• Echinopsis - nkhadze, tsinde lake limatulutsidwa kwakanthawi kuchokera kumtunda, maluwa amakhala pamwamba pa nkhadze.

Mapeto

Cleistocactus ndi njira yabwino yobzala m'nyumba. Chokoma ichi sichabwino kwambiri ndipo chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo.