Nyumba Yachifumu ya Diocletian ku Split - nyumba kuyambira nthawi ya Ufumu wa Roma

Nyumba Yachifumu ya Diocletian (Croatia) ndi gawo lakale lakale la Split, lomwe mu 1979 lidakhala gawo la UNESCO World Heritage Site. Uku ndiye kumakhala kwa mfumu ya Roma Diocletian, yemwe adalamulira zaka pafupifupi 18 zapitazo. Lero, nyumba yachifumuyi, yozunguliridwa ndi makoma ndi nsanja za mita 20, ili ndi malo opitilira mahekitala atatu, ndipo mamangidwe ake okongola amakopa alendo opitilira 400,000 ku Split chaka chilichonse.

Zolemba zakale

Nyumba Yachifumu ya Diocletian idamangidwa molamulidwa ndi mfumu yomwe ku Salona, ​​mzinda womwe wolamulira wamkulu adabadwira ndikukhala ubwana wake. Ntchito yomanga idayamba mu 295 AD. e., adakhala zaka 12 ndipo adatha kutatsala pang'ono kuti Diocletian atuluke pampando wachifumu. Pambuyo pa mwambowu, mfumuyi idasamukira kunyumba yatsopano ndikusintha zomwe amakonda kuchita zankhondo ndikuchita zamaluwa.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Salona adawonongedwa ndi kuzunzidwa ndi akunja m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri AD, motero akukhulupirira kuti nyumba yachifumu ya Diocletian ili ku Split.

Nyumba yachifumuyo idakulirakulirabe ngakhale wolamulira atamwalira, pomwe anthu akumidzi ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana aku Roma adabwera kwa iye kufunafuna chitetezo kwa akunja. Chifukwa chake, nyumba zapamwamba zokhala ndi zokongoletsa zapamwamba zidasandulika malo achitetezo, ndipo mausoleum amfumu adasandulika tchalitchi chachikulu chachikhristu. Pakatikati pa zaka za zana la 19, atamangidwanso kangapo, womanga nyumba waku Britain a Robert Adam adazindikira kuti nyumba yayikulu yokhala ndi mipingo, malo osungira malonda ndi nyumba zokhalamo ndi kachisi wakale.

Kapangidwe

Cathedral wa Saint Domnius

Ili pakatikati pa Split, kachisiyo ndiye likulu la Akatolika mzindawo. Zowoneka zodabwitsa kwambiri komanso zakale ku Croatia zabisika pano - malo omwe kale anali mausoleum a Diocletian, chojambula "Madonna ndi Mwana", Uthenga Wabwino wa m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zitseko zapadera zolowera ndi zojambula za moyo wa Khristu.

Cholinga

Nyumba yachifumu ya a Diocletian idamangidwa potengera msasa wankhondo. Unali nyumba yomanga yotsekedwa ndi makoma ataliatali, omwe amatha kulowa kudzera pazipata zinayi zokha:

1. Chipata Chagolide. Ndi kudzera pakhomo lino pomwe msewu waukulu wopita ku Salon umadutsa, womwe ndi Diocletian yekha ndi banja lake omwe angagwiritse ntchito. Ili kumpoto chakunyumba yachifumu.
2. Siliva. Ankakonda kulowa kuchokera kum'mawa. Kumbali zonse ziwiri za chipatacho, kuli zotsalira zazitali zazitali zazitali, pomwe oyang'anira adatumikira, ndi msewu wakale kwambiri ku Croatia.
3. Chipata chamkuwa chimayesedwa moyenera kuti ndichokongola kwambiri mu Split yonse. Amapezeka kum'mwera kwa nyumba yachifumu, pafupi ndi chipilala. Kulowa kudzera mwa iwo, alendo amalowa m'ndende yayikulu, yomwe tidzakambirane pang'ono.
4. Zipata zachitsulo ndizokhazo zomwe zapulumuka mpaka nthawi yathu momwe zidapangidwira. Amatsegulira khomo lachifumu kuchokera mbali yakumadzulo; pamwamba pachipindacho ali ndi chithunzi cha mulungu wamkazi wa Kupambana.

Kukopa

Zowongoka kunja ndi kuzungulira mkati, malo olandirira alendo akadali kodabwitsa lero. Dome lake lalikulu ndi umboni wowoneka bwino kwambiri waluso la akatswiri amisiri aku Roma, popeza linali lalitali kwambiri osati ku Croatia kokha, komanso padziko lonse lapansi kufikira 1960.

Kachisi wa Jupiter

Mmodzi mwa akachisi ochepa achiroma omwe adatsalira ku Croatia ali kumadzulo kwa nyumba yachifumu ya Diocletian. Idamangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachitatu ndi mfumuyo, pambuyo pake, patatha zaka 600, idamangidwanso m'malo obatizira a St. John the Baptist.

Mkati mwa kachisiyo muli sarcophagi awiri ndi zotsalira za mabishopu akulu a Split - Ivan II ndi Lawrence, komanso chithunzi chamkuwa cha John the Baptist. Bwalo lakale la belu limakwera pamwamba pa tchalitchi chachikulu, lomwe likugwirabe ntchito mpaka pano.

Zojambula

Malo apakati, ozunguliridwa ndi zipilala zamiyala, komanso mkati mwa nyumba yachifumu ya Diocletian. Moyo pano sutha: masana apaulendo amatha kusangalala ndi zisangalalo, ndipo madzulo kudzakhala kokondana kwambiri kuti mudzadye chakudya chamadzulo mwa amodzi mwa oyimba mumisewu. Peristyle akuwonetsa bwino Split yonse, kuwonjezera apo, mutha kujambula zithunzi ndi Aroma akale - ojambula ojambula.

Zochitika m'mbiri! Anali Peristyle yemwe adachita nawo holo yodzikongoletsera m'nyumba yachifumu ya Diocletian - pabwaloli mfumu yayikulu idakumana ndi asitikali ake ndi anthu ena.

Ndende

Ndende yachifumu ya Diocletian ndi amodzi mwa malo akale kwambiri amtunduwu padziko lonse lapansi. Poyamba, ntchito yawo sinakonzekere - amayenera kukhala zipinda za mfumu, koma chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri kunakhala kosatetezeka kukhala mchipinda chino. Chifukwa cha izi, titha kudziwa momwe nyumbayo idakonzedweratu, popeza pansi, mawonekedwe ake ofanana ndi apansi, ndiye gawo lokhalo lomwe lakhalabe momwe limamangidwira.

Masiku ano, ndendeyi imakhala ndi ziwonetsero zodziwika bwino za ojambula ndi osema aku Croatia, zisudzo, zisudzo zadziko ndi zochitika zina zaphokoso. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, zojambula zingapo za "Game of Thrones" mndandanda wa TV adawonetsedwa apa.

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Malangizo othandiza musanapite kukacheza

1. Pitani kunyumba yachifumu ya Diocletian ndi kalozera, kapena werengani pasadakhale za nkhondo yolimbana ndi kufalikira kwa Chikhristu mu Ufumu wa Roma.

2. Pakhomo lolowera m'malo ena achifumu amalipidwa: kukwera belu ku Cathedral kulipira 20 kuna (3 euros), kutsika ndikuyenda mobisa - 40 kuna. Ngati mukufuna kupita malo angapo nthawi imodzi, uzani za iwo kuofesi yamabokosi kuti mupeze kuchotsera.
3. Zikumbutso za malo ogulitsira nyumba zachifumu ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa madera ena a Split, koma ndipamene mungapeze mafano achilendo opangidwa ndi manja komanso mphatso zosangalatsa zopangidwa ndi miyala.

4. Nthawi zambiri, zisudzo pabwalo lalikulu zimayamba nthawi ya 12 koloko masana.
5. Pa 18:00, malo odyera amatsegulira Peristyle ndi nyimbo zokhazokha komanso zinthu zachilendo - m'malo mwa mipando, pali mipando yofewa pamakwerero.
6. Mmodzi mwa ngodya zokopa alendo zomwe zili m'nyumba yachifumu yonse, tengani mapu a malowa kuti musasochere m'misewu yambiri.
7. Mukabwera ku Croatia pagalimoto kapena kubwereka apa, yendani kumalo ovutawo, ndi kusiya 1-2 km kuchokera kubwalo lachifumu. Vuto la malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi mitengo yake mgawo la Split ndilofunika kwambiri kuposa kale.

Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi

Nyumba ya Diocletian ndi nyumba yapadera yomwe ilibe zofananira ku Croatia kokha, komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Pitani ku "ngale ya Split" - mupeze kukongola kwa Ufumu wa Roma. Khalani ndi tchuthi chabwino!

Kanema wokongola kwambiri wokhala ndi malingaliro amzinda wa Split. Mtunduwo ndiwokwera, ndiyenera kuwonera :)

Onerani kanemayo: Roman Empire - The Last Romans - Full HD Documentary (June 2024).