Zonse zokhudzana ndi begonia wokongola: Zida zachikazi, Chilakolako choyaka ndi mitundu ina. Malangizo Osamalira Zomera
Masiku ano, maluwa okongoletsera kunyumba akuchulukirachulukira. Nthawi zina ngakhale mwamuna amene amasankha maluwa okondedwa ake ngati mphatso samakonda maluwa a maluwa, koma, kutengera zokonda ndi zokonda za mkazi, amagula mphika wokongola wokhala ndi maluwa opangira.
Pali mafotokozedwe omveka bwino amtunduwu - oyimira ambiri a theka lokongola laumunthu amakonda masamba obiriwira, omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba zawo.
Kodi chomera ichi ndi chiyani?
Begonia ndi chomera chokongola chomwe samangokonda kumangokula kunyumba, komanso amakongoletsa mapaki, minda, mabwalo nacho. Maluwawa ndi am'mabanja ambiri a begonias. Mitundu yoposa 900 ya begonias yomwe imapezeka kuthengo, ali amtunduwu komanso zitsanzo zosakanizidwa za 2000 zomwe zidapangidwa mwanzeru.
Kubwerera m'zaka zakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17, chomeracho chidafotokozedwa ndi Michel Begon, chifukwa chomwe duwa limadziwika nalo.
Malangizo! Zaka 100 zokha pambuyo pake, begonia idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati duwa lokongoletsa.
Mwa mitundu yolemera yamtunduwu, pali mitundu yomwe imatha kulumikizana ndi dzira, ngakhale pali zina zomwe panthawiyo zimawunikira khoma lonse mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Zosiyanasiyana: malongosoledwe ndi chithunzi cha mitundu
Pansipa muwona zithunzi zamtundu wa begonias monga Zida za Akazi, Burning Passion ndi ena.
Zida zachikazi
Izi zosiyanasiyana begonia ilibe dzina lachilendo, komanso mawonekedwe owonjezera... Masamba owala okhala ndi mauna obiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osongoka. M'mphepete komanso pakati, tsamba limakhala lofiira kwambiri.
Maonekedwe okongola komanso okopa amitundu yamaluwa amatha kufanizidwa ndi chida cha mkazi, chifukwa amatha kukhala ndi mtima wamwamuna. Mkazi wokongoletsedwa bwino nthawi zonse amakopa amuna, zomwezo zimachitika poyang'ana duwa ili, lomwe limakopa mawonekedwe ake.
Ambiri a begonias amakhala ndi maluwa okongola, koma masamba a chomerachi amakhala okongoletsa bwino pazenera lanu kapena, ngati ndi dimba lam'munda, kanyumba kanyumba kachilimwe.
Masamba a begonia sali olimba kwambiri, choncho amafunika kuthirira nthawi yake, apo ayi imakhudza mawonekedwe awo, chifukwa chomeracho sichitha kusunga chinyezi. Nthawi yamaluwa yamitunduyi ndi chilimwe kapena koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira.
Bisexual maluwa
Olima maluwa ambiri ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhulupirira molakwika kuti kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa maluwa achikazi ndi abambo a begonia kumatha kudziwika ndi mawonekedwe akumbuyo kwawo (mbewa za mbewu). Uku ndikuweruza kolakwika. Kutsogolo kwake, maluwa achikazi amakhala ndi zipilala ndi ziphuphu, pomwe maluwa amphongo amakhala ndi anthers ndi stamens.
Ponena za kukula kwa begonias wonyansa, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti maluwa achikazi ayenera kuzulidwa nthawi yomweyo akamapangidwa, izi zidzakulitsa nyengo yamaluwa. Chomeracho chimayesetsa kwambiri kuti zipange ndi kupsa nthanga, ngati pali maluwa achikazi.
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zodandaula kuti maluwa okhawo osavuta amamera pachomeracho, pomwe maluwa amphongo awili amayembekezeka. Pali zifukwa zambiri izi vutoli: izi mwina chifukwa cha kuphwanya boma kutentha pa kusunga tubers kapena nyengo.
Chenjezo! Pakutha chilimwe, maluwa ambiri achikazi amapangidwa, kuti kucha kwamphongo kwamphongo, nthawi imagawidwa koyambirira kwa nyengo.
Kawirikawiri, maluwa onse aamuna ndi aakazi amawoneka pa chomeracho nthawi yomweyo, ndipo izi zimawoneka ngati zachilendo. Zimangodalira pa inu nokha maluwa omwe mukufuna kuchotsa ndi omwe muyenera kusiya.
Chilakolako choyaka moto
Mtundu uwu wa begonia ili ndi masamba ofiira ofiira ngati chipolopolo, pakati pake ndi bulauni yakuda ndipo m'mphepete mwake amapangidwanso ndi malire amawu awa. Mitunduyi idatchulidwa ndi malingaliro ophatikizira amtundu wanji wamamvekedwe otere.
Chenjezo! Kuti masambawo akhale ndi utoto wowala bwino, ayenera kupatsidwa kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa.
Zili m'gulu lachifumu la begonia. Maluwawo amakonda chipinda chofunda momwe kutentha sikutsika pansi pamadigiri 18. Chomerachi chikuopa ma drafts, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuchiyika pamalo opumira, apo ayi masamba angafune.
Malamulo osamalira onse
Kusamalira moyenera kwa begonia kumapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikule komanso kukongola. Chifukwa chake, zomwe muyenera kudziwa za malamulo oyambira kusamalira duwa lodzichepetsali.
- Kuthirira. Begonia amakonda madzi. M'masiku otentha a chilimwe, imafunika kuthirira tsiku lililonse, m'miyezi yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, komabe, ndikofunikira kuwongolera mosamala chinyezi cha nthaka (tidalemba za momwe tingasamalire begonias m'nyengo yozizira pazinthu zathu).
Zofunika! Kuyanika kuchokera padziko lapansi, ndipo makamaka - mzu wa mpira, sikuvomerezeka.
- Chinyezi chamlengalenga. Maluwawo amamva bwino m'chipinda chinyezi chokwanira, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kudzaza mpweya ndi chinyezi. Izi zitha kuchitika ndikungopopera chipinda, kuchita kuyeretsa konyowa, sikungakhale koyenera kuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi mphika wamaluwa, womwe umasuluka pang'onopang'ono.
Ngakhale kukonda kwa chomeraku madzi ndi chinyezi chambiri, sizolandiridwa kupopera masamba, makamaka mitundu ya begonias yomwe ili ndi tsitsi lopindika.
- Kutentha ndi kuyatsa. Maluwawo ayenera kuikidwa kum'mwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera kwazenera. Ndi kukonda konse kwa begonias kwa kuwala kowala, onetsetsani kuti m'masiku otentha a chilimwe chomeracho sichipsa masamba otentha, chithunzitseni ndi dzuwa nthawi ngati imeneyi. Home begonia imakonda kutentha, chifukwa chake madigiri + 18 adzakhala njira yabwino kuti akhalebe moyo wabwino.
- Nthaka. Mitundu ina imatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso zofunikira pakapangidwe ka nthaka, komabe, mbewu zambiri zimafuna dothi lamasamba, pomwe sod idzawonjezeredwa, ndikuphatikiza pang'ono mchenga, peat ndi humus. Kubereketsa begonia, kumene, ndikofunikira; chifukwa cha izi, mutha kugula zida zogulira m'sitolo yapadera, izi ndizowona makamaka kwa chomera nthawi yamaluwa.
Tumizani. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya begonias amapumula atatha maluwa kwa miyezi 2-3. Nthawi imeneyi imawerengedwa kuti ndiyabwino kwambiri pakusintha. Kumbukirani kuti mphika watsopanowo uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wakale (tidalemba pano za momwe mungasankhire mphika wa begonias ndi momwe mungabzalidwe chomera mumphika).
- Matenda. Pali zifukwa zikuluzikulu zitatu zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto amaluwa:
- matenda a fungal (omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kukula kwa matenda a fungus);
- tizirombo (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi zina zotero);
- chisamaliro chosayenera.
Mavuto onsewa akhoza kuthetsedwa ngati muli oyenera komanso osamala ndi chisamaliro cha chomeracho.
Malangizo! Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti tubers za chomerachi ndizodyedwa komanso kulawa ngati zipatso.
Mapeto
Maluwa okongola kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana amawonetsa mpweya mchipindamo ndikukongoletsa nyumba yathu. Kuphatikiza apo, adapeza ntchito yayikulu m'mabedi amaluwa, m'mabwalo azinyumba zazilimwe komanso malo osungira nyama. Ngati mungayang'anire mosamala komanso mosamala nkhani yakuswana ndi kusamalira chomera ichi, idzasangalala ndi kuyesayesa kwanu ndikukuthokozani ndi maluwa obiriwira komanso kukula kwamaluwa owala komanso okongola.