Pantry of knowledge: momwe mungapangire malo abwino pakukula kwa nkhuyu za Opuntia?

Peyala yamtengo wapatali waku India ndi mbewu yachilendo yosatha ya banja la Cactus.

Nthawi zambiri amalimidwa ndendende chifukwa cha zipatso zake zokoma. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati chakudya, komanso kuchiza matenda ena.

Pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za zomwe mankhwalawa ali nawo, ndikuuzeni momwe mungasamalire bwino kukongola koposaku. Muphunzira njira zoberekera zomwe zilipo komanso mbewu zomwe zikufanana ndi peyala.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Nthanga yamtengo wamkuyu (Opuntia ficus-indica) yatchulira mphukira zomwe zimakhala zazing'ono, zozungulira kapena zosalala. Tchire limakula mpaka 4 m, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi 2 m.

Chomeracho chimadzazidwa ndi minga, yayikulu komanso yolimba... Cactus imamasula modabwitsa, chifukwa imatha kukhala ndi maluwa ofiira, achikasu, achikasu-lalanje. Akangofuna, zipatso zazikulu zooneka ngati dzira zimapangidwa, zomwe zimatchedwa "mapeyala oyipa". Mkati mwake, muli mbewu zathyathyathya zokhala ndi khungu lolimba. Zipatso zimaphimbidwanso ndi mitolo yosalala, nsonga ndizopindika, zomwe zimangowoneka ndi microscope.

Mizu ya cacti iyi ndi yamphamvu, imakula m'lifupi kuposa kuzama. Mutha kudziwa peyala yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wamtengo wapatali. Itha kukhala yoyera kapena yofiira. Chomerachi chalandira mayina angapo pakati pa anthu:

• lilime la apongozi;
• nkhadze wamakutu;
• chinjoka chipatso;
• mkuyu.

Kusiyana kwa mitundu ina

Ubwino waukulu wa chomerachi ndi kupirira kotheratu.... Nkhuyu yamtengo wapatali yamkuyu imatha kumera mosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kufota kwa zimayambira komanso kusakhala ndi madzi okwanira kwa nthawi yayitali. Cactus imamasula bwino m'chilengedwe chake, kotero kunyumba maluwawo amakhala obiriwira komanso okhalitsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, chomeracho chili ndi tsitsi laling'ono lokhala ndi mitsempha yambiri. Ngati mudzawakhudza, ndiye kuti minga yaminga imayamba kupatukana mosavuta ndikumamatira kuzovala. Kusiyanaku pakati pa peyala yamtengo wapatali wamkuyu ndizovuta zake.

Zothandiza komanso zamankhwala

Popeza masamba obiriwira amakhala ndi calcium ndi potaziyamu, amathandizira thupi kupanga insulin, kotero kuti ndizothandiza kuchiza matenda ashuga. Ngati mumadya mankhwala kuchokera ku peyala yamchere, amachepetsa mapangidwe amafuta ndikuwongolera kutuluka kwawo mthupi. Zingwe za chomeracho zimafufuma ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'mimba, chomwe chimachepetsa njala. Chifukwa cha izi, kulemera, shuga ndi cholesterol m'magazi amachepetsedwa.

Zipatso za peyala yamtengo wa mkuyu zili ndi vitamini C wambiri, womwe ndi wabwino kwa thupi. Imalimbitsa, imawonjezera ntchito zoteteza ndikuyambitsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Kukonzekera kwa zitsamba komwe kumapangidwa ndi peyala yamtengo wapatali kumathandiza kuthetsa cellulite ndi edema, ndikulimbikitsa kutulutsa madzi owonjezera. Kuphatikiza apo, mapeyala amtengo wapatali amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa kuledzera ndi matenda a hangover.

Werengani zambiri za kuchiritsa kwa nkhuyu zamtengo wapatali, za kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nkhadze pano.

Opuntia ficus indica chisamaliro

Ngakhale kuti ngakhale kubzala mbewu panthaka nyengo yozizira kumachitika, pali zinthu zabwino kwambiri zachitukuko ndi maluwa.

Kuthirira

Nkhuyu yamtengo wapatali yamkuyu imafuna kwambiri kuthirira. Koma muzingochita mosamala kuti zisawononge mizu. Ndikofunika kusungunula nthaka ngati pakufunika, pokhapokha dothi louma litauma. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho sichisowa kuthirira... Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofatsa pang'ono komanso acidic pang'ono, acidifying ndi madontho 2-3 a mandimu.

Njira yabwino yothirira ili mu sump, chifukwa chifukwa cholowa m'madzi pamasamba, kork kuchokera pachikwangwani chodziwika chitha kuphimbika, ndikukula kwa mbeu kumachepa.

Zovala zapamwamba

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza panthawi yakukula. - M'ngululu ndi chilimwe. Chitani izi kamodzi pamwezi. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokonzeka wa cacti wokhala ndi asafe wochepa kwambiri. Kuchulukitsa kwa chigawochi kumapangitsa kuti mizu iwonongeke.

Kutentha

Chipinda momwe peyala yonyezimira imakhalira ikuyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, kupewera ma drafti. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwabwino kwa mpweya wa mapeyala oyipa ndi madigiri 25-35. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimafuna kutentha kozizira kwa madigiri 5-18.

Kuwala

Mkuyu wamtengo wapatali ndi chomera chokonda kuwala, kotero kuti chikule ndikukula kwake kumafunikira kuyatsa kowala. Koma ndibwino kuti muzolowere cactus kuti iwonetse kuwala kwa dzuwa pang'onopang'ono.

Chinyezi

Opuntia amalekerera mpweya wouma, chifukwa chake safunika kupopera madzi. Komabe, ndibwino kukula pa chinyezi 60-70%.

Kuyambitsa

Pofuna kuthyola nkhadze, m'pofunika kukonzekera dothi lowala komanso lotayirira, liyeneranso kupititsa chinyezi bwino.

Mutha kugula gawo lokonzekera la cacti kapena kukonzekera nokha. Poterepa, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kusakanizidwa mofanana:

• nthaka yamasamba;
• nthaka ya sod;
• peat;
• mchenga;
• miyala;
• njerwa zosweka.

Mphika

Kwa mapeyala ovuta, sankhani mphika waukulu, koma osati wozama kwambiri.... Chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi mabowo akuluakulu ngalande ndibwino.

Tumizani

Kuika kumachitika motere:

1. Konzani mphika, perekani mankhwala.
2. Ikani ngalande pansi pa beseniyo.
3. Lembani mphikawo ndi gawo lalikulu la peyala.
4. Musanabzala, musathirire nkhadze, koma ikani nthaka yatsopano youma. Kenako ikani pamalo amithunzi pang'ono ndipo musamamwe madzi masiku asanu ndi awiri.
5. Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri, mutha kuyika chidebecho ndi nkhadze mumalowedwe, onetsetsani kuthirira kwanthawi zonse, koma musagwiritse ntchito feteleza wowonjezera.

Kuphatikiza apo, kanema wowoneka wokhudzana ndikubzala peyala zamtengo wapatali:

Kudulira

Njira yodulira mapeyala oyipa ndi iyi:

1. Konzani mpeni kapena tsamba lakuthwa, lomwe liyenera kumwa ndi mowa pasadakhale.
2. Dulani tsinde la chomeracho pafupifupi masentimita 60.
3. Sungani malo odulidwa ndi mpweya wosweka, ndipo musamwetse chomera chokha kawiri.

Nthawi yopumula - ndi chiyani?

Kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Okutobala, peyala yamtengo wapatali yamkuyu imayamba nthawi yayitali. Pakadali pano, muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha mpaka 12 digiri Celsius, mpweya mchipindacho uyenera kukhala wouma. Pa nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusiya kuthirira kwathunthu... Koma payenera kukhala dzuwa kapena kuwala kwachinyengo.

Njira zokulira

Wofalitsa ndi cuttings

Njira yobzala mapeyala oyipa ndi iyi:

1. Kwa cuttings, nthawi yabwino imawerengedwa kuti ndi kutha kwa kasupe - koyambirira kwa chilimwe, pomwe mwana adasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi, musiyeni tsiku limodzi kuti aume.
2. Ikani mphukira zouma mumchenga kapena m'nthaka.
3. Ikani chomera chaching'ono pamalo amithunzi pang'ono masiku asanu ndi awiri ndikusiya kuthirira.
4. Pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi awiri m'pamene mungayambe kusakaniza gawo lapansi. Ndipo mizu yoyamba ikangotuluka, ndiye kuti ikani peyala yaying'ono pachidebe chokhazikika.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema wonena za njira zodulira peyala:

Mbewu

Njira yoberekera imakhala ndi izi:

1. Ndi bwino kuberekana kumapeto kwa nthawi yogona - mu Marichi.
2. Gwirani njere kwa mphindi 20 mu potaziyamu permanganate. Kuti mbewuyo imere, muyenera kuthyola chipolopolo chake, kuipaka ndi emery kapena mwala.
3. Nthaka, nthaka ndi mchenga, ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kenako zimabzala mbewu, ndikuphimba mbewu ndi pulasitiki.
4. Ikani chidebecho m'chipinda momwe kutentha kumakhala madigiri 19-21. Thirani nthaka kamodzi pa sabata.
5. Mbeu zikangotuluka, ndipo mbandezo zimakhala zamphamvu, ndiye kuziika muzotengera zosiyana ndikukhazikika pafupi ndi kuwala.

Timapereka kuti tiwone momwe kubzala peyala ndi mbewu:

Matenda

Mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pa tsinde la nkhuyu prickly peyala chifukwa chothirira kwambiri... Izi ndizobweretsa chiyambi cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Kuti mupulumutse nkhadze, muyenera kudula malo owonekera, ndikuchiza madera onse omwe akhudzidwa ndi mpweya wosakanizidwa wa kaboni. Nthaka yamchere iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi carbendazim osakaniza ndi kuthirira ayenera kuchepetsedwa.

Pakakhala kuwala kochepa ndi madzi padziko lapansi, zimayambira zimadzaza ndi makwinya. Ndi kusowa kwa michere m'nthaka, kukula kwa mapeyala oyipa kumasiya.

Maluwa ofanana

Maluwa otsatirawa amawoneka ngati peyala yamtengo wapatali wamkuyu:

1. Heliocereus... Ndi chomera chokhwima chomwe chimakhala chopyapyala, chimayambira motalika. Mitamboyo kulibe, ndipo maluwawo ndi ofiira ndipo ndi 20 cm m'mimba mwake.
2. Pachypodium... Ndi mbewu yoyambirira yokhala ndi thunthu lomwe limafanana ndi nkhadze. Tsinde lamphamvu limakutidwa ndi msana ndi masamba opapatiza.
3. Euphorbia utomoni... Chomerachi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde la tetrahedral, pomwe pamakhala masamba obiriwira. Pa nthiti za milkweed, ziwonetsero zolimba ndi mitsempha zimakhazikika.
4. Stapelia... Ichi ndi chokoma chosatha chomwe chili ndi mphukira zazing'ono zinayi, zomwe ndizitali masentimita 60.
5. Echeveria... Ndi chomera chosatha chokhala ndi masamba owulungika omwe adakonzedwa mozungulira ngati rosette. Mtundu wa Echeveria ndi wotuwa.

Nkhuyu yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wapatali sikangokhala nyumba yokongola, komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Zipatso zake ndi masamba ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati mankhwala. Mosamala, nkhadze ndi yosavuta, siyikakamiza zofunikira kuthirira, kuthira feteleza ndi nthaka, zomwe ngakhale oyamba kumene amatha kuthana ndi ntchito yonseyi.

Onerani kanemayo: Propagating u0026 Planting Opuntia Cactus Pads (July 2024).