Magawo opanga mwana pabedi ndi manja anu, momwe mungapewere zolakwitsa

Makolo achikondi amadandaula za thanzi ndi kakulidwe kabwino ka mwanayo ngakhale asanabadwe. Ndi kubadwa kwake, dziko lapansi limakumana ndi mwanayo ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika komanso zofunikira. Mwa iwo, malo otsogola amakhala ndi malo ogona. Zabwino kwambiri zomwe makolo angapatse mwana wawo kuyambira masiku oyamba a moyo ndi bedi lodzipangira nokha, lomwe ndi luso lapamwamba komanso lolimba. Poterepa, makolo nawonso amatha kusankha mawonekedwe, sankhani zinthu zotetezeka, zosasamalira zachilengedwe, kuyala mabedi ndi mabokosi okhala ndi chitsimikizo chazabwino komanso zodalirika.

Zomwe zimafunikira pakupanga

Kutenga mabedi a ana ndi manja anu sikuli kovuta, makamaka ngati mbuye ali ndi chidziwitso chofunikira ndi chikhumbo. Ndikofunikira kuti zonse zichitike osati mwakhungu, koma pamaziko a zithunzi, zojambula, zojambula zokongola. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya ana ndi awa:

• akugwedeza mpando;
• bedi labedi;
• nkhani imodzi;
• kutsetsereka;
• thiransifoma.

Bunk

Akugwedeza mpando

Kusintha

Nkhani imodzi

Kutsetsereka

Musanagone, muyenera kusankha posankha zakuthupi. Mitundu yotsatirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando:

• MDF munali utomoni binder;
• fibreboard (fiberboard), yopangidwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa nyimbo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi boron ndi sera pofuna mphamvu, kukana bowa ndi chinyezi;
• plywood, miyala yopyapyala yonyezimira, yolumikizidwa ndi utomoni wa organic;
• chipboard (chipboard), zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kukanikiza tchipisi tankhuni ndi formaldehyde (mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mankhwala ophera tizilombo);
• thundu lolimba kapena paini.

Zinthu zabwino kwambiri za mipando ya ana ndi nkhuni zolimba, zomwe sizimatulutsa zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimayambitsa matupi awo. Ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito nkhuni zosaphika pazinthu izi, chifukwa imapunduka ndi ming'alu. Bedi la ana omwe mumadzipangira lokhala ndi mitengo yolimba limawoneka bwino, ndi lodalirika komanso lolimba likugwira ntchito. Kupangidwa molondola, kumamupatsa mwana wanu kugona mokwanira.

Musanayambe ntchito yopanga bedi la ana matabwa ndi manja anu, muyenera kukonzekera zonse zomwe mungafune:

• matabwa a thundu kapena paini;
• plywood;
• lamellas - matabwa osinthasintha a mtengo wolimba (mthethe, thundu), womwe makulidwe ake ndi 15-20 mm;
• ma slats ndi matabwa (oyambira pansi pa matiresi);
• ngodya yachitsulo yolumikizira pakona;
• akapichi, zomangira zokha (zopangira zinthu);
• varnish;
• banga la nkhuni;
• PVA guluu.

Mulingo wovuta kwa ntchito yopanga chogona ndi manja anu sichimangotengera kukula, zojambula, kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake, komanso kupezeka kwa chida chofunikira. Muyenera kukhala ndi izi:

• chowombera;
• ngodya;
• chopukusira;
• rauta yamanja;
• macheka amtengo;
• fayilo mafayilo a grooves;
• ndege;
• kuboola matabwa.

Mukasonkhanitsa zida zofunikira ndi zida zokonzera kama pabedi kunyumba, mutha kupita kuntchito.

Gwiritsani ntchito mwachangu ndi rauta yamanja

Zida zoyambira ndi kukonzekera kwawo

Malo omwe malo ogona amasonkhanitsidwa ayenera kumangidwa mchenga kuti mwanayo asadzivulaze. Kukhazikika kwa kama kumakhala ndi izi:

• miyendo inayi;
• misana iwiri;
• zipilala zam'mbali;
• lamellae;
• matiresi;
• chimango.

Zigawo zimapangidwa mwadongosolo:

• choyamba, mtengo umasankhidwa posowa kukula kwake;
• ndiye, ziwalo zonse zitapukutidwa bwino, tsinde limalembedwa pa iwo (chizindikiro cha msonkhano wolondola wa malonda);
• zipsera zimayikidwa pamiyala, zimadulidwa kuti zizimangirira ndi pansi pa slats;
• minga amapangidwa.

Pofuna kusonkhanitsa magawo omalizidwa, gwiritsani ntchito malo ophatikizira osagwiritsa ntchito misomali ndi zomangira zokha. Cholinga chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito njirayi ndi mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa. Mawonekedwe ake ndi osalala komanso okongola, ndipo olumikizanawo sawoneka. Zinthu zolimbitsa thupi zimapangidwa motere:

• chogwirira ntchito chimadziwika ndi pensulo m'malire a shank ndi poyambira;
• kutalika kwa shank kumadziwika ndi mphako;
• poyambira pabowola pobowola;
• nkhuni zochulukirapo zimachotsedwa ndi chisel;
• lembani m'mbali mwa malonda.

Cholumikizira choterocho chimakana kuwonongeka kwamakina bwino, chimamasula pang'ono. Chofunika chake chimakhala motere:

• kulumikizana kumakhala ndi shank (spike) ndi poyambira yolimba kapena yakhungu, momwe imalowera momasuka;
• guluu wa nkhuni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza ziwalozo.

Mafupa ophatikizika, okhazikika ndi guluu wamatabwa, amakhala okhazikika chifukwa chakuthwa kwa nkhuni.

Magawo akulu amsonkhano

Kukula kwa bedi kwa mwana kumatsimikizika m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa matiresi. Ndizofanana komanso zofanana ndi 1200x600 mm. Malinga ndi magawo awa, khola la matabwa limapangidwa ndi dzanja. Matiresi sanapangidwe pawokha, koma ogulidwa, chifukwa popanga muyenera kutsatira zofunikira za mafupa. Kupanga kwake kumaganizira zosowa za thupi lokula mokwanira komanso mokwanira. Pachifukwa ichi, chidwi chimaperekedwa pamapangidwe a matiresi omwe amapanga msana wa mwana:

• Ana amasankha mitundu ya mphira wa thovu;
• ana opitilira zaka zinayi amafunikira matiresi apakatikati. Zimatsimikizira ngakhale kugawidwa kwa kulemera kwa mwana kudera lonselo.

Kwa zipinda zing'onozing'ono, kama amatha kupanga masana kuti azisewera. Mukamayambitsa kusonkhana kwa khandalo, pendani mosamala ziwalo zake zonse kuti musaphonye tchipisi ndi zolakwika zina zomwe zitha kuvulaza mwana.

Ntchito yamsonkhano imayamba ndi miyendo, yomwe imasiyana kukula kwake wina ndi mnzake. Kwa mutu wapamutu, amapangidwa motalika kuposa mbali inayo. Chovala chobwezeretsa kumbuyo chakonzedwa kuti chikweze zotchingira. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito kujambula ndi sewero la mabedi a ana, chimango chimasonkhanitsidwa, masitepe otsatirawa adzakhala kuphatikiza nsana ndi kanyumba. Chithunzi chanyumba chimaphatikizapo:

• bedi;
• kumbuyo kumbuyo ndi kumutu.

Chomangira chothandizacho chimapangidwa kuchokera ku bar yogawika zidutswa zisanu ndi chimodzi za kukula kofanana ndi ma grooves (25 mm) a lamellas. Matabwawa adapangidwa kuti alowetse matiresi, amalowetsedwera m'makonzedwe okonzeka ndikukonzedwa ndi guluu wamatabwa, ndikupanga latisi. Mtunda pakati pawo ndi masentimita 5. Pansi pa chikhocho chimapangidwa ndi matabwa anayi 35 mm wandiweyani ndi 7mm mulifupi. Kwa ana azaka 4-6, kutalika kwa pansi pa khola ndi masentimita 35.

Powerengera nsana, m'lifupi mwa bedi amawonjezeredwa pakulimba kwa bolodi. Pamutu pabedi, ma slats ndi mipando ya plywood yamatabwa imayikidwa yomwe imadzaza misana. Mipiringidzo ofukula ndi yopingasa ya nsana ndi olumikizidwa. Zolumikizana zonse ndizokhazikika ndi guluu la PVA.

Chojambulacho chimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera m'matabwa okonzekera:

• matiresi amamangiriridwa pa bedi pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira;
• ndiye amamangirira mbali, mipanda, choyimitsira kama, zomwe sizimalola kuti mwanayo agwe;
• mbali yakutsogolo imapangidwa gawo limodzi mwamagawo atatu kutsika kuposa mbali yakumbuyo yosavuta yosamalira mwana;
• ntchito lalikulu, kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino, amene ayenera kukhala madigiri 90;
• mbalizo zimaloledwa kuti ziume kuchokera ku guluu. Zotsalira zake zimadulidwa ndi mpeni.

Pofuna kuyendetsa bedi mozungulira chipinda, mutha kuwonjezera kapangidwe kake ndi mawilo. Kupanga mpumulo wabwino kwa mwanayo, denga lopangidwa ndi magulu awo limapachikidwa pabedi la ana. Kwa iye, phiri lamatabwa limapangidwa. Kapangidwe kake kama nyumba yosangalatsa yamakedzana momwe khanda limamva kutetezedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, kapangidwe kambuyo ka khandalo kasinthidwa:

• matemberero amapangidwa pang'ono. Ndi macheka kapena hacksaw, dulani mutu wawo;
• tsinde la nyumbayo lamangidwa ndi iwo;
• sitepe yomaliza ndikuteteza lokwera, komwe kulumikizitsa denga kumunsi.

Denga lanu logona la ana lidzakhala chitetezo chodalirika. Uku ndikowonjezeranso bwino malo ogona opangidwa ndi bambo wachikondi.

Mutu wamutu

Chimango

Komwe kuli miyendo yakumanzere ndi kumanja kwa kama

Zojambula zadongosolo zamiyendo

Ndondomeko yolumikiza miyendo ndi mizere yothandizira m'mbali mwammbali

Njira zokongoletsera

Kuphimba bedi la ana lokonzekera mukamaliza msonkhano, amakongoletsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Gawo loyamba pakupanga mankhwalawa kukhala mawonekedwe okongoletsa ndi putty, yomwe imachitika motere:

• ming'alu yonse pamalumikizidwe yokutidwa ndi kapangidwe kake;
• mutayanika, madera omwe amathandizidwa amakhala mchenga wa sandpaper mosamala.

Bedi losonkhanitsidwa limachiritsidwa ndi banga. Izi zimachitika osati pakapangidwe kapangidwe kake: malonda amateteza malonda ku chinyezi chowonjezera. Pamwamba pa banga, ikani zigawo 2-3 za varnish kapena sera ya nkhuni.Chophimbacho, chopangidwira mwana wamng'ono, chimapatsidwa pakati ndikuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zokha zomwe zilibe mankhwala owopsa.Kuphatikiza pa njira yokongoletserayi, pali mitundu ina yake. Pofuna kuwonetsa malonda, bedi limakutidwa ndi nsalu zokutira nazo:

• tsatanetsatane adadulidwa pazinthu zonse;
• tsatirani izi;
• azikongoletsa kotero kuti nsaluyo imagona mosabisa, palibe makola kapena zikopa.

Imodzi mwa mitundu yazokongoletsera yogona ndi chovala chokongoletsera ngati matumba abwino. Zapangidwa kuti ziziteteza tulo ta ana kuzinthu zakunja. Musanapange denga pa khola, muyenera kudziwa bwino cholinga chake komanso malamulo omangira:

• Zidzateteza mwanayo kumayendedwe, chifukwa chake, m'nyengo yotentha, nsalu yopepuka ndiyokwanira, m'nyengo yozizira iyenera kukhala yolimba;
• denga lidzapulumutsa mwanayo m'maso osafunikira;
• amateteza ku tizilombo tokwiyitsa nyengo yotentha;
• adzabisala ku kuwala kowala kwambiri.

Ndikosavuta kupanga ndi manja anu. Nsaluyo imamangiriridwa pa ulusi ndikuwongoleredwa posonkhana pabedi la mwana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yolumikizira (m'mbali mozungulira kama, pakati, pamutu). Ana azaka zitatu sayenera kupachika denga lalitali osalumikizana bwino pabedi, popeza mwanayo, atayamba kuyenda mwachangu, amatha kulumikizana ndi nsalu ndikugwa.

Banga coating kuyanika

Zabwino pakupanga mtundu wama bokosi

Makolo ali ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana pamapangidwe amakama a ana. Anthu ena amakonda danga ili pansi kuti akhale omasuka kuyeretsa, pomwe ena amakonda mipando ya ana. Makolo otere ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angapangire kama ndi mabokosi mchipinda cha mwana ndi manja awo. Kuti mupange zojambula pabedi loterolo, muyenera kuganizira izi:

• mtundu wa mabokosi - ndi amitundu iwiri: pamaupangiri kapena pamawilo. Ndi malo okhala ndi laminated, njira yachiwiri siyabwino kwathunthu, popeza kuchuluka kwa zovala pansi ndizofunika kwambiri;
• chiwerengero cha mabokosi, omwe amatha kuyambira 1 mpaka 3;
• m'munsi mwa kama, pomwe pali awiri. Ngati ndichitsulo chachitsulo chokhala ndi miyendo (mafupa am'munsi), ndiye kuti bokosi la mabokosi limapangika mozungulira. Ngati matiresi agona pa lamellas kapena chipboard, ndiye kuti bokosilo lidzanyamula;
• kukula (kutalika ndi m'lifupi mwake), zomwe zitha kukhala zofananira kapena zopangidwa mwanjira zosiyanasiyana.

Kuwerengetsa kumatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito bedi yokhazikika monga maziko, koma bala lakumbuyo likhala locheperako pang'ono m'lifupi kuti ma tebulo omangidwa akhale ozama kwambiri. Kapangidwe kamadontho kamakhala kosavuta mukamasonkhanitsa mipando. Ndi bedi la mafupa, m'pofunika kuyika mabokosiwo kutalika, komanso kuzungulira miyendo ndi chimango. Ndikumanga kokhazikika, indent kuchokera m'mphepete mwa bokosilo imakulanso. Mtundu wabwino kwambiri umawerengedwa kuti ndi bedi lokhala ndi mabokosi omwe ali ndi mawilo, chifukwa pakadali pano mutha kuchita popanda cholozera. Ingoikani zododometsa pakati.

Ndikothekera kuwonetsa mawonekedwe amakama okhala ndi mabokosi:

• mabokosiwo amakhala okhazikika 10 mm pamwambapa pansi (zochulukirapo pamakapeti);
• Chipilala chakutsogolo chimakhazikika kumapeto, chifukwa chimakhudza mawonekedwe.

Ntchito yopanga chogona ndi manja anu ndiyokha, zimatengera malingaliro a mbuye. Ntchitoyi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yonse ya zinsinsi ndi ma nuances, kutengera cholinga cha malonda, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kake. Mmisiri aliyense amakumana ndi mavuto ambiri popanga. Koma ntchitoyi nthawi zonse imakhala ndi cholinga chabwino chomaliza. Mavuto onse amaiwalika pakuwona kumwetulira kwachimwemwe kwa mwana yemwe adamupangira ndi chikondi chachikulu.