Malangizo oyika mashelufu pamwamba pa tebulo mkatikati mwa zipinda zosiyanasiyana

Ndizovuta kulingalira za chipinda chilichonse, kaya ndi nyumba yogona kapena ofesi, yopanda mashelufu. Kuphatikiza pa cholinga chawo chachindunji, nyumbazi ndizothandiza kwambiri mkati. Zitsulo, magalasi kapena mashelufu amitengo pamwamba pa tebulo sizimangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito amderali kangapo, komanso zimawonjezera kulimba. Zitha kugulidwa m'sitolo yapadera kapena kupangidwa nokha - mulimonsemo, zimakhala zosavuta, koma nthawi yomweyo mipando yomwe ingayamikiridwe ndi mamembala onse.

Mankhwala gulu

Gulu la mashelufu limakhazikitsidwa ndi mfundo zinayi zikuluzikulu, zomwe zikuwonetsa kapangidwe kake ndi zinthu za ogula.

Ndi malo

Ndi malo omwe mashelufu amayenera kupachikidwa omwe amatsimikizira kapangidwe kake, komanso mtundu. Kutengera ntchito yakuchipinda kapena malo osiyana mmenemo, zinthu zimayikidwa:

1. Pamwamba pa desiki yolembera. Mtundu wotere ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito posungira maofesi, mabuku, kapena kuyika zinthu zokongoletsa. Ntchito yayikulu ndikupanga chitonthozo chokwanira osayima panja, osasokoneza munthu kuchokera pakupanga.
2. Pamwamba pa tebulo. Kugwira ntchito ndiye nkhawa yayikulu yamtunduwu. Mosasamala kuti ndi desktop ya ndani, zida zosiyanasiyana zimayikidwa pamtunda zomwe ziyenera kukhala pafupi nthawi iliyonse.
3. Pa desiki yamakompyuta. Posachedwa, ma disc ambiri a laser amatha kuwona pano. Tsopano asinthidwa ndi makina osungira ophatikizika komanso matekinoloje amtambo, koma zida ndi mabuku osiyanasiyana amafunabe malo osungira, ndipo ndizosavuta kuziyika pa alumali pamwambapa pakompyuta.
4. Pamwamba pa tebulo lodyera. Nthawi zambiri, mashelufu m'derali amatha kuwonekera mkatikati mwa mawonekedwe a Provence. Mabotolo okhala ndi vinyo kapena mafuta a azitona, mitsuko ya zonunkhira, mbale zosiyanasiyana zimayikidwa pa iwo, zomwe zimapanga malo apadera otonthoza kunyumba.

Kuphatikiza apo, mashelufu amatha kuyikidwa pamwamba pa tebulo lomwe lili mchipinda china:

1. Mu nazale. Mwina, popanda chipinda m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba, mashelufu ozungulira sakhala othandiza monga nazale. Kuchuluka kwa zoseweretsa, mapangidwe amaphunziro ndi mabuku kumafuna malo ambiri osungira, pomwe amayenera kupezeka kwa eni ake nthawi iliyonse.
2. M'khitchini. Mashelufu m'chipindachi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira ziwiya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika, komanso kuyikapo zinthu zokongoletsera. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamakhitchini omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zipinda zodyeramo.
3. Pabalaza. Zinthu zapachipinda chochezera zimaphatikizira zida zomvera ndi makanema, mafelemu azithunzi, zotsalira ndi mabuku. Zonsezi, zoyikidwa bwino pamashelefu, zitha kutsindika kukoma kwa mwini nyumbayo m'njira yabwino kwambiri.
4. Kuchipinda. M'chipindachi, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyika zinthu zokongoletsera komanso posungira zinthu zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamwamba pa tebulo lodzikongoletsera.

M'nyumba yogona kapena kuofesi, malo aliwonse aulere pamwambapa akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi mashelufu oyenera komanso opangidwa mwanjira zodabwitsa kwambiri.

Mwa mtundu wa zomangamanga

Kapangidwe kazogulitsa kumadalira kwambiri mawonekedwe, chifukwa sizinthu zonse zomwe zimapangidwa ndizogwirizana ndi kuthekera kwa kapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, zojambula zopindika, zozungulira kapena zozungulira nthawi zambiri sizikhala ndi makoma ammbali. Zachikale zamakona anayi, zopangidwa ndi diamondi, zamakona atatu - m'malo mwake, ndizosavuta, zimapereka zosankha zambiri pamapangidwe. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi izi:

1. Kutonthoza. Zida zopangidwa ndi zazing'ono, nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zabwino komanso zothandiza. Zinthu za Cantilever nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo, zomwe zimapangidwira zochotseka, zomwe ndizosavuta ngati mukufuna kusintha masanjidwewo.
2. Zosiyanasiyana. Zimagwira ntchito momwe zingathere, chifukwa zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera malo amalo amodzi m'chipindacho.
3. Ndi makoma ammbali. Amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a niche ndipo ndiosavuta kusungitsa mabuku omwe samagwa chifukwa cha zipupa zammbali. Zoterezi zitha kukhala ndi khoma limodzi kapena awiri mbali.
4. Ndi khoma lakumbuyo. Kapangidwe kameneka sikakhudza magwiridwe antchito, komabe, kamasintha mawonekedwe akuwonekera pakhoma lomwe lili.
5. Zosintha mosiyanasiyana. Mashelefu awa ndiosavuta koma ogwira ntchito. Monga lamulo, ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera a zomangamanga, zomangira zodalirika zokhala ndi malire achitetezo, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zilizonse.

Mulimonse momwe mashelufu amapangidwira, ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana nthawi zonse ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Mwa kusankhidwa

Cholinga chachikulu cha zinthuzo ndikukhazikitsa ndi kusunga zinthu zazing'ono komanso zazing'ono. Komabe, kutengera momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso omwe ali nawo, kapangidwe kameneka katsimikizidwanso. Mwachitsanzo, mashelufu a nazale amayenera kukhala otetezeka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ayenera kupereka zolumikizira zodalirika zomwe sizimatha kugwa, kuzungulira, ndikupangidwa ndi zinthu zosasamalira zachilengedwe. Kwa anyamata, ndibwino kuyika nyumba zotseguka momwe mungayikitsire choseweretsa chachikulu kapena ndege. Kwa atsikana, zosankha ndi zipinda zing'onozing'ono zambiri ndizosangalatsa, momwe mungapezeko chuma chanu ndi zidole.

Alumali la mwana wasukulu kapena wophunzira limatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola ndikupanga mawonekedwe amtendere omwe sangasokoneze maphunziro. Kwa banja laling'ono la awiri omwe alibe ana, mapangidwe apadziko lonse ophatikizidwa ndi cholinga chawo - zomwe zimatchedwa njira zosungira - zidzakhala zofunikira. Chovala choterocho chimatha kukhala ndimitengo ingapo, ndikuphatikiza zipinda zotseguka ndi zotsekedwa momwe mungayikemo zinthu zapakhomo, komanso kuwonetsa zokongoletsa zipinda.

Njira ina ndi mashelufu omwe ali ndi zokongoletsa. Zinthu zamkati zotere zimatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndipo zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo, magalasi, matabwa.

Zojambula pamiphika yamaluwa zimawoneka zosangalatsa. Zogulitsa zotere ndizosavuta komanso zosawonekera, komabe, maluwa kapena zinthu zokongoletsera zomwe adayikapo zimasintha mawonekedwe amchipindacho. Zikatero, mashelufu amatha kukhala ndi magawo angapo.

Kutengera njira yakukhazikitsa

Mashelufu pamakoma siosavuta komanso mipando yosunthika kwambiri. Kutengera njira yakukhazikitsa, agawika:

1. Khoma limakwera. Imeneyi ndi njira yofala kwambiri yoyika mashelufu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino khoma. Palibe zotsalira pamalowo, kupatula mwina pazochitika.
2. Yoyimitsidwa. Mosiyana ndi zoyambilira, zoterezi sizimapezekabe mkati mwazakale. Amatha kulumikizidwa padenga kapena kukhoma pamakoma oyimitsidwa ndikuthandizira mkati mwazitali, masitaelo amakono kapena aukadaulo wapamwamba. Palibe zopinga pa njira yokonzera iyi, koma siyingagwiritsidwe ntchito muzipinda zonse.
3. Pakona. Mashelufu otere amalola kugwiritsa ntchito bwino malo amkati pakona pakati pamakoma awiri oyandikana, omwe nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi plasterboard ngati ma niches owunikira zimawonjezera malo kuchipinda. Pakona lakunja, zopangidwa ndimakona osavuta ndizoyenera. Yankho ili ndilofunika kwambiri ngati muli zipilala mchipinda, kapangidwe kake kamene kamapangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yokongola komanso yodabwitsa. Mwa zoyipa zazogulitsazo, zovuta zakapangidwe ziyenera kuwunikiridwa.
4. Ma tebulo okhala ndi zida zapamwamba. Kapangidwe kameneka kali ndi kuphatikiza konse, komwe kumakhala kosavuta kusunthira mipando pamodzi ndi mashelufu, ndi ma minuses, omwe amakhala ndi kulephera kusintha kasinthidwe kazinthu zazitali kapena mulifupi kutengera malo patebulo palokha.

Palinso zosankha zina zosangalatsa zogwiritsa ntchito mashelufu, mwachitsanzo, kupachika ndi mashelufu pamakoma, ngati njira imodzi yopangira mayankho osavomerezeka mkati.

Zida zopangira

Opanga amakono amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kuti apange mashelufu. Itha kukhala chipboard, MDF, akiliriki. Komabe, mitundu yazinthu zopangira sizinathenso kufunika kwake:

1. Wood. Mwina ndizotchuka kwambiri. Mashelufu olimba amaoneka bwino mkati mwake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mumayendedwe aku Scandinavia kapena muzipinda zopangidwira mawonekedwe apamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengowo uli ndi mawonekedwe azachilengedwe kwambiri, omwe sanganenedwe pazinthu zopangira zopangidwa ndi guluu. Panalinso zovuta zina - mtengo wa mashelufu ndiokwera kwambiri, popeza zida zapamwamba kwambiri ndizotchuka, zachilengedwe komanso zotchipa.
2. Galasi. Kapangidwe kazinthu izi kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga mayankho ambiri kutengera kuphatikiza kwapoyera ndi kuyatsa. Galasi silimakhudzidwa ndi media zowopsa, kuphatikiza chinyezi, ndizosavuta kuyeretsa ndipo zawonjezera kukana kuvala. Chosavuta cha mashelufu agalasi ndikuti ndi osalimba komanso owopsa.
3. Zitsulo. Zitsulo zazitsulo ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Mashelufu otere nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zomangira zomangira pazitsulo zachitsulo, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe mawonekedwe azinthu ngati kuli kofunikira. The sangathe ndi otsika zokongoletsa katundu, amene ali kuposa kulipidwa ndi magwiridwe awo.
4. Pulasitiki. Matekinoloje amakono pakupanga zida zomangira amalola kugwiritsa ntchito mapanelo apulasitiki popanga mashelufu omwe ali ndi mitundu yopanda malire ya mitundu ndi mitundu. Zinthu zapulasitiki kapena vinyl ndizosavomerezeka ndi zachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ukadaulo wapamwamba, mkati momwe mulibe mawonekedwe osakhazikika komanso kupindika kwa mizere. Amakhala ndi zoperewera zochepa, imodzi mwazomwezo ndikuti chifukwa cholemedwa kwambiri, mankhwalawa amatha kusintha mawonekedwe kapena kupindika.
5. Chipboard. Mwina izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha bajeti kwambiri. Mashelufu a Chipboard amachita ntchito yawo bwino, koma ndi osalimba kwambiri, makamaka m'malo ophatikizira, ndipo amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito otsika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito guluu popanga zinthuzo.
6. MDF. Zopangira izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mashelufu okha, komanso mipando ina ku Russia ndi Europe. Poyerekeza ndi chipboard, zinthuzo ndizolimba komanso zowononga chilengedwe. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito, imatha kutengera mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yomweyo, MDF ndi ya zinthu zopangira bajeti ndipo ndi yotsika mtengo.

Khalidwe lalikulu lazinthu zakuthupi ndizokomera chilengedwe, zomwe ndizofunikira makamaka m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana. Chifukwa chake, posankha mashelufu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mtengo wake, wina ayenera kuyang'ana pachizindikiro chachiwiri.

Zokongoletsa

Ngakhale pali zosankha zambiri, pali malamulo oyenera kutsatidwa popanga zokongoletsera kapena malo ogwirira ntchito ndizinthu zamkati. Mwachitsanzo, mashelufu omwe ali pamwamba patebulo m'chipinda cha ana sayenera kukhala owala kwambiri, okhala ndi zipsera zojambulajambula ndi zojambula zomwe zingasokoneze chidwi cha mwanayo pazinthu zazikulu - kuphunzira.

Mitundu yowala mkati mwake imakwiyitsa, chifukwa chake iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mozindikira. Ngati ndizovuta kusankha pamthunzi, ndibwino kuti musankhe mitundu ya pastel ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe - mwala, matabwa.

Pofuna kuwonetsa mashelufu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chinyengo pang'ono: gwiritsani ntchito zida zamitundu yowala kuti mupange mbali yazogulitsayo.

Pogwiritsa ntchito malo ophunzirira ophunzira, mitundu yazovala zokutira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti wophunzira athe kulumikizana ndi mapepala. Zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi bolodi kapena bolodi lopangira, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kugwiritsa ntchito zolemba ndikupangitsa kuti mkati mwake mukhale kosangalatsa, ndizotchuka kwambiri.

Malangizo akumalo

Kapangidwe kazinthu zitha kukhala zopanda malire, chinthu chachikulu ndichabwino. Komabe, zikafika poyika mashelufu pamwamba pa tebulo la wophunzira, malamulo ochepa osavuta ayenera kutsatira:

1. Kapangidwe kazolumikizidwa sikuyenera kuletsa kuwala, makamaka ngati malo ogwirira ntchito ali mdera lowala.
2. Pamwamba pa mipando ndi mashelufu ayenera kupezeka kuti mwanayo, atakhala patebulo, ayang'ane kapena mbali m'mbali mwa chitseko. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti munthu yemwe wakhala chagwada pakhomo amakumana ndi zovuta panthawi ya ntchito.
3. Mapangidwe ayenera kukhala okwanira kutalika kuchokera pamutu wa wokhala pansi kuti asachepetse kukula kwa malo ogwirira ntchito. Poyankha funso loti kutalika kwake kukapachika alumali, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti gulu lake lakumunsi liyenera kukhala lalitali kuti mwana athe kutenga chinthu chomwe akufuna osadzuka.

Palinso chinthu china choyenera kuganizira musanapachike alumali. Ndibwino kuyika kumtunda kwa nyumbayo pamalo otsika; munthu amene wakhala patebulo sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mpando ndi zinthu zina kuti akafike kuzipinda zakutali, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala zowopsa.

Nthawi zomwe mipando yokhala ndi khoma imagwira ntchito yokongoletsa kokha, kutalika kwa malo awo sikofunikira.

Njira ina posankha malo alumali pamwamba pa tebulo ndi kuchuluka kwa malo mfulu mchipindacho. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ingapo yamakona kapena yamakona ndiabwino kuzipinda zazing'ono.

Momwe mungachitire nokha

Pamsika wamakono wamipando, pali mashelufu ambiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yamitengo. Komabe, kapangidwe kameneka ndi kosavuta komanso kosavuta kotero kuti mutha kuzipanga nokha. Kuntchito muyenera:

• kubowola;
• hacksaw kapena jigsaw;
• roleti;
• mulingo;
• zomangira angapo ndi dowels;
• alumali okwera;
• zinthu zokongoletsa zomwe zingagulidwe m'maketoni apadera ogulitsa.

Chinthu chachikulu pakupanga kwanu ndi bolodi lamatabwa, chipboard kapena gulu la MDF. Ngati mbuyeyo analibe chidziwitso pakupanga alumali ndi manja ake kale, mutha kuyamba ndi chinthu chosavuta - chamakona anayi, kuchokera pazopezeka kwambiri - bolodi lamatabwa.

Magawo akulu akupanga azikhala motere:

1. Kukonzekera. Palibe chifukwa chojambula mwatsatanetsatane chilichonse. Ndikwanira kudziwa kukula kwa zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo, poganizira malo omwe adzaikidwe. Ngati ndi khoma, gwiritsani ntchito tepi kuti muzindikire kutalika ndi mashelufu ofunikira, komanso malo oyikitsira madontho omangira. Kenako chithunzi chosavuta chimajambulidwa papepala, mwachitsanzo, rectangle, ndipo kutalika ndi kupingasa kwa malonda kumatchulidwa masentimita ndi millimeters. Pazojambulazo, zikuwonetsa malo oyikiramo zomangira kapena zotsekera.
2. Kupanga magawo alumali. Kutengera kukula kwa zojambulazo, matabwa anayi adulidwa, mumapeza mapanelo apamwamba ndi apansi komanso makoma awiri ammbali ofanana. Mchenga m'mbali mwa matabwa kuti muchotse zovuta zilizonse. Pofuna kukonza mawonekedwe, uthengawo ukhoza kuvekedwa ndi banga lomwe lingasinthe kukongoletsa kwapadziko ndikugogomezera kapangidwe ka nkhuni.
3. Msonkhano. Pansi pake imayikidwa pamalo athyathyathya, makoma am'mbali amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana kuchokera kumalekezero ndi malo omwe zikuluzikuluzo zimakulungidwa zimadziwika.Mbalizo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti malekezero ake atseguke, ndipo m'mbali mwake pansi ndi pamwamba pamakhala mpanda wammbali ndipo siziwoneka. Kulumikiza makoma ammbali, ndi koboola kocheperako kofananira ndi kukula kwa zomangira zokhazokha, kuboola m'mabowo ndi kukhumudwa pagawo lakumunsi kopingasa. Izi ndizofunikira kuti tipewe kulumpha kwa bolodi mukamawombera zomangira. Konzani makoma ammbali ndi zomangira zokhazokha. Zomwezo zachitika ndi gulu lapamwamba. Zotsatira zake, mumapeza alumali ya mawonekedwe oyenera amakona anayi.
4. Kukongoletsa. Kupatsa alumali mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso kukana chinyezi, mutha kulipukuta pamtengo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito otchedwa "Yacht varnish", zimawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa masiku onse, koma limagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi ndipo limapanga kutsiriza kwapamwamba kwambiri. Mankhwalawa akauma, muyenera kukhazikitsa zolumikizira zomwe alumali azipachika pakhoma.
5. Kuyika kwa zomangira ndi kupachika. Asanapachike alumali, zomangira zimayikidwa kumtunda kwa khoma lammbali mbali yofanana (pafupifupi masentimita 3-5) kuchokera kumtunda. Musakwere m'mabokosiwo pamwamba, chifukwa izi zimachepetsa kukana kwa malonda. Chojambuliracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhoma pomwe adakhazikitsa, mothandizidwa ndi mulingo, amachiyika pamalo osasunthika komanso cholembera pensulo zomwe zingapachikidwe. Ngati khoma ndilopangidwa ndi matabwa, ma dowels sakufunika, ingomangirani zomangira. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito nkhonya kapena nyundo, ponyani mabowo kukhoma ndikuyika ma tepi okhala ndi zomangira kapena zomangira. Pachikani zomalizidwa pakhoma.

Kupanga alumali yosavuta ndi manja anu ndichinthu choyambirira. Koma mitundu yazida zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito galasi kapena chitsulo sizovuta monga momwe imawonekera poyang'ana koyamba. Chinthu chachikulu ndikulakalaka kupanga mipando yokongola komanso yogwira ntchito ndi manja anu.

Chithunzi

Onerani kanemayo: Tuk Tuk Car (July 2024).