Kodi begonia wobzala maluwa akubzala ndi kusamalira bwanji kunyumba ndi kutchire?

Timakumana ndi begonias okongola osati m'nyumba zapawindo zokha, komanso m'makalabu apaki ndi mabedi amaluwa. Anayamba kutchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ake owala, okongola, ofanana ndi maluwa ndi ma peonies nthawi yomweyo.

Mitundu yayikulu ya maluwa okongola awa, njira ndi mawonekedwe ake olimidwa, tikambirana m'nkhani yathu.

Komanso, titha kudziwa kuti ndi tizirombo titi timene timayang'aniridwa. Mudzawona zithunzi zambiri zosangalatsa za kukongola uku.

Mbiri yoyambira

Begonia adatchulidwanso ndi dzina lodziwika bwino ladziko lodziwika bwino ku France a Michel Begon, omwe, paulendo wopita ku Antilles kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17, adapeza chomera chowonekachi ndikuchifotokozera. Lero, duwa limakula mwachilengedwe ku America, Africa ndi Asia. Koma mutha kumakulira kunyumba kulikonse padziko lapansi.

CHENJEZO: Begonia amakula m'njira zosiyanasiyana: ndi udzu zokwawa pansi, zitsamba kapena utali, tchire lowongoka.

Zomera zamkati zimagawika m'magulu awiri - maluwa ndi odula... Masamba okongoletsera begonias ali ndi mtundu wapachiyambi ndi mawonekedwe a tsamba.

Mitundu yamaluwa imagawidwa m'magulu atatu akulu: tuberous, wobiriwira, ndi bushy. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yoposa 900 ya begonias padziko lapansi ndipo pafupifupi 2 zikwi za maluwa a maluwa okongolawa amadziwika.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Begonia Elatior ndi chitsamba chosatha, chosakanikirana cha mitundu yonse. Chifukwa cha maluwa ake a chaka chonse komanso kudzichepetsa kokwanira kuzinthu zozungulira, lero amadziwika kuti ndi duwa lodziwika bwino kwambiri lakukula m'munda ndi kunyumba. Zinsinsi zonse ndi zikhalidwe za Elatior begonia chisanachitike zitha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi.

Mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa akulu, ofanana mofanana ndi maluwa kapena anemones, 3-5 masentimita m'mimba mwake mwa mitundu yowala kwambiri: kuchokera ku pinki yotuwa, yoyera, yachikaso ndi lalanje mpaka kufiira kofiira ndi mithunzi. Maluwawa satha kutalika kwa 40 cm.... Pamtengo wake wolimba, wolimba, wandiweyani, masamba otambalala amakula, ofanana ndi mitima yawo, yokongoletsedwa ndi m'mbali mwake.

Mbale zakunja za timapepala timeneti ndi zobiriwira. Mbali zawo zamkati ndizotuluka, zopepuka komanso zopindika bwino. Mizu ya begonia iyi sinakule bwino, motero miphika yopanda kutalika yolingana ndi kutalika ndiyofunikira kukula.

Chithunzi

Pansipa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha maluwa:

Ndi liti komanso momwe mungasinthire chomera m'sitolo?

Ngati inu adagula Elatior begonia yemwe akugulitsa kale m'sitolo, ndiye kuti simungayikenso mumphika wina nthawi yomweyochifukwa duwa likhoza kufa. Muyenera kudikirira mpaka kutha kwa maluwa ndipo pokhapokha mbewu zikayamba kuphukira ndipo mizu yake iyambe kuwonekera kuchokera pamabowo okwerera, mutha kupita pantchito yokonzanso. Zinthu zofunika kukumbukira:

• Popeza chomeracho ndi chosakhwima kwambiri, mukamabzala, muyenera kukhala osamala makamaka ndi mizu, popeza mizu yowonongeka "itha kutentha", imayamba kuvunda ndipo chomeracho chimatha kufa.
• Kusakaniza kwa potting kuyenera kukhala koyenera pamitundu iyi ya begonia. Mutha kugula nthawi yomweyo limodzi ndi duwa m'sitolo yapaderadera, kapena kukonzekera nokha kunyumba. Kapangidwe kake: nthaka ya masamba (1/2 mphika), peat ndi humus mofanana.
• Pambuyo pobzala bwino, chomeracho chidzafunika chisamaliro chapamwamba komanso mosamala.

Kupanga malo oyenera

Maluwa osatha begonias sakhala ovuta kwambiri ndipo safuna chisamaliro chovuta... Koma kuti maluwa awo azitha chaka chonse, amafunikira kudyetsedwa koyenera, kuyatsa koyenera komanso kukonzanso zaka zingapo zilizonse. Onse odziwa zambiri komanso odziwa maluwa amatha kuthana ndi izi.

Kuyatsa

Mitundu yosakanikirana yamaluwa yamtunduwu imasinthasintha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuyatsa, kupatula kuwunika kowala kwenikweni kwa dzuwa, makamaka chilimwe. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyika maluwa kumazenera akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa. M'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chakusowa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe kunja kwazenera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere chomeracho ndi nyali zapadera za ultraviolet.

CHOFUNIKA: Pakati pa nyengo yonse yamaluwa a begonias, ndibwino kuti musatembenuke kapena kusunthika, chifukwa kusintha kwakudzidzimutsa komwe kumayambira kumatha kuphukitsa masamba ndi maluwa.

Nthawi yonse yamaluwa, begonias sayenera kutembenuzidwira ndikusamukira kwina. Ndikusintha kwakuthwa kwa mbewa, chomeracho chimatha kuyamba kukhala chopanda tanthauzo, ndikumagwetsa masamba ndi maluwa.

Kutentha

Kukula bwino begonias ndiwodzichepetsa kwachilengedwe. Koma m'nyengo yozizira, sizinalimbikitsidwe kupitilira kutentha m'chipindacho ndi madigiri 18-20. Nthawi ina iliyonse pachaka, chomeracho chimasinthasintha kutentha kwa nyengo, pomwe kutentha mulingo woyenera kwambiri akuti ndi madigiri 20-25.

Ambiri obereketsa begonias samangokhala maluwa amkati. Amasinthasintha bwino mpaka maluwa pakhonde kapena mumphika wam'munda. Koma popeza begonia sakonda kutentha kwadzidzidzi ndi ma drafti, ndibwino kuti muteteze izi, osalola kuti chikomokere chadothi chokhala ndi mizu yazomera chikule kwambiri.

Kupanda kutero, duwa lokongola limatha kuyamba kutulutsa masamba ake, zomwe zingapangitse kuti maluwa azitha kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi cha mpweya

Kwa maluwa ataliatali komanso ochuluka a begonias, amafunika kuwongolera chinyezi cha gawo lawo. Muthirireni pafupipafupi, koma pang'ono.kotero kuti nthaka nthawi zonse imakhala yonyowa, koma palibe kusefukira kopitilira muyeso, kowopsa pamizu yake. Madzi amangogwiritsidwa ntchito mofewa ndikukhazikika.

Kutentha kwa kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kofanana mchipindacho. Kwa maluwa ochititsa chidwi komanso a nthawi yayitali, payenera kukhala chinyezi chokwanira mchipindamo.

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti nkoletsedwa kutsegulira mitundu yonse yazomera.

MFUNDO: Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi mchipindamo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma pallets okhala ndi miyala yonyowa, kapena kukhazikitsa zopangira chinyezi.

Kodi kudyetsa?

Ngakhale mtundu uwu wa begonias umamasula kwambiri komanso mopitirira muyeso, safunika kudyetsa pafupipafupi. Kuchuluka kwa mchere wamchere kumatha kusokoneza thanzi lawo, choncho feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, kutsatira nthawi yodyetsera.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kudyetsa begonias maluwa kamodzi pamasabata awiri.... Thirani mbewu m'nyengo yonse yamaluwa ndi nyengo yawo yokula. Pofuna kudyetsa, feteleza onse apadera omwe amafunidwa kuti apange maluwa ndi zosakaniza zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zofunikira ndizoyenera. Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti begonias sangayime sulfure.

Koma manganese ndi boron mu kapangidwe kodyetsa zidzakhudza momwe maluwawo alili.

Kukanikiza pakati ndi kukonzanso

M'nyengo yamasika-yophukira, m'pofunika kufupikitsa mphukira zazitali kwambiri munthawi yake ndikuchotsa malo ofooka ndi owonongeka. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita izi, popeza maluwa ofota ndi masamba opota amachotsa mphamvu ya kamera kakang'ono. Kuti apange chitsamba chobiriwira komanso chobiriwira, nthawi yoyamba njirayi imachitika maluwawo akafika kutalika kwa masentimita 7.

Kufika

Kufesa Elatior begonia yemwe akuyenda maluwa kuyenera kuyambika mu Januware (muphunzira za kufalikira kwa Elatior begonias ndi mbewu ndi mdulidwe apa). Popeza mtundu uwu uli ndi nthanga zazing'ono kwambiri, zimatha kusakanizidwa ndi mchenga wapadera wofesa mosavuta. Mabokosi osaya ndiabwino kubzala mbewu. Njira zotsatsira ndi izi:

1. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kuyenera kukhala kofewa, chopatsa thanzi, chokhala ndi mchere wambiri. Mbeu ziyenera kumwazikana pamwamba pa nthaka yolimba komanso yokwanira. Sikoyenera kuyika nthanga.
2. Kuti mbewu zimere bwino, zimafunika chinyezi chokwanira m'chilengedwe. Pachifukwachi, mabokosiwo ali ndi chivundikiro chagalasi kapena zojambulazo.
3. Nthaka youma mu wowonjezera kutentha iyenera kupopedwa nthawi ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Muthanso kutsanulira madzi m thireyi ndi mbande zowonjezera chinyezi.
4. Pambuyo pa kumera kwa mbewu, galasi imachotsedwa. Chinyezi chowonjezera sichingasamalidwenso.
5. Pakatha pafupifupi sabata limodzi, ziphukira zokhala ndi mabala apadziko lapansi ziyenera kuziikidwa m'makapu osiyana. Ndipo pakatha miyezi iwiri ina, mbewuzo zakonzeka kubzala m'malo okhazikika mumiphika.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri zakukula kwa begonias wobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi mbewu, komanso cuttings, munkhaniyi.

Chifukwa chiyani Elatior sakufalikira?

• Kuunikira kolakwika... Kukula kwa begonias kumakonda dzuwa, koma kunyezimira kowonekera kumatsutsana nawo. Mumthunzi, nawonso, chomeracho chimakana kuphulika.
• Kupanda chinyezi... M'chipinda chouma kuti muchotsere mpweya, muyenera kuyikanso zotengera zina ndi madzi kapena ma jenereta otentha.
• Kutentha kovuta... Kuti pakhale chitukuko choyenera, begonias amafunikira kutentha koyenera. M'nyengo yachilimwe - 20-23 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira osapitirira 20-23 ° C.
• Zojambula... Begonia iyenera kutetezedwa ku mafunde ozizira ozizira.
• Kuperewera kwa michere... Kuvala bwino kwakanthawi komanso nthaka yomwe yasankhidwa bwino kumathandiza kupewa maluwa.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

1. Powdery mildew... Matenda omwe amafalikira pachimake pa tsinde ndi masamba ake. Maluwawo samachita maluwa ndipo sauma. Zimadziwonetsera nthawi yayitali kwambiri pamafumbi m'masiku amvula mu nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira chifukwa chakapangidwe kazitsamba pama masamba.
2. Wowola wofiirira... Bowa laimvi limakhudza chomera chonse: maluwa, zipatso, masamba, nthambi ndi mphukira. Malo a Bakiteriya Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a mawanga amadzi pamasamba. Masamba ndi maluwa amasanduka akuda ndikufa.
3. Nematode... Nyongolotsi zoyera zoyera zomwe zimawononga timabzala ta mbewu. Matenda omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amasintha, kuvunda kenako kufa.
4. Kangaude... Chowopsa kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka muzipinda zotentha komanso zowuma. Mphutsi ndi achikulire amakhala pansi pamunsi mwa masamba a begonia ndi zimayambira zake, kuluka chilichonse ndi nthiti zoyera, pomwe amaikira mazira. Chizindikiro chimadyetsa masamba, omwe amachititsa kufa kwa maluwa.
5. Aphid... Amakhala m'magawo akulu, kuwononga mbali zonse zazing'ono za duwa. Imachulukana mwachangu kwambiri, imadya timadzi ta chomeracho, kuchipindika ndi kuiwononga. Nthawi yoswana ya tizilomboti ndi masika ndi koyambirira kwa chilimwe.

Pansipa mu kanema mutha kuwona momwe mungakulire bwino ndikusamalira begonias kunyumba.

Mapeto

Begonia Yamuyaya ndi chokongoletsera chabwino chanyumba kapena dimba lanu. Ndi wokongola komanso wofatsa. Mitundu yake yamitundu yosiyanasiyana siyasiya aliyense wamaluwa wamtengo wapatali. Kusamalira duwa limodzi kapena bedi lathunthu la maluwa ndichisangalalo chenicheni, ndipo mosakayikira mudzakhala ndi malingaliro abwino komanso malingaliro abwino omwe chomera chodabwitsa ichi chimapereka.

Onerani kanemayo: Property of Mr Kondwani Nyirenda in Area 43, Lilongwe, Malawi. (July 2024).