Kodi phalaenopsis yoyera ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungasamalire? Malangizo kwa oyamba kumene florists

Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma orchid mosiyanasiyana m'mitundu ndi mitundu, ndipo yonse ndi yokongola m'njira yawoyawo. Komabe, Phalaenopsis yoyera nthawi yomweyo imakopa diso ndi mitundu yake yosakhwima. Maluwa odabwitsawa amawoneka ngati mapiko agulugufe ndi masamba ake.

Munkhaniyi muphunzira za mbiri yakulengedwa kwa mtundu wosakanizidwawu, zamomwe umalimira, kuusamalira komanso zovuta zomwe zingakule. Timalimbikitsanso kuwonera kanema wothandiza komanso wosangalatsa pamutuwu.

Kodi duwa limeneli ndi chiyani?

Maluwawa ali ndi mayina atatu: phelanopsis, orchid wa gulugufe ndi orchid yoyera... Ichi ndi chomera chotentha cha mtundu wa epiphytic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi mizu yakumlengalenga ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mbewu zina kuthandizira. Komanso ma orchid oyera ndi ofanana (mpaka 1 mita kutalika) komanso kakang'ono (mpaka 30 cm kutalika).

• Maluwa a chomera mmaonekedwe awo amafanana ndi njenjete, chifukwa chake mayina amodzi a orchid adachokera.
• Amamasula katatu pachaka.
• Maluwawo sayenera kukhala oyera - phelanopsis akhoza kukhala mtundu wina uliwonse, komanso wothimbirira ofiira, achikasu, obiriwira kapena pinki.
• Ili ndi mizu yotukuka, koma palibe pseudobulbs.

Mbiri yakubereketsa yazosiyanasiyana

Mbiri yakukula kwa orchid yamtunduwu idapita mbali ziwiri - kudula maluwa ndi kuphika. Dziko lakwawo ndi South ndi Southeast Asia. Kuchokera pamenepo, orchid adabweretsedwamo ndikuwumbidwa nyengo zina.

Mtundu woyamba wa orchid udabadwa mu 1875 ndi John Seden... Idaphulika patadutsa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi. Pofika 1900, mitundu ina 13 ya phelanopsis idapangidwa. Pambuyo pake, mu 1927, Phal. Elisabethae, ndimapangidwe ake olimba kwambiri, anali wamkulu kukula komanso kukongoletsa kuposa omwe adalipo kale.

CHOFUNIKA: Pakati pa 1930 ndi 1950, anali Agiriki okhala ndi maluwa oyera omwe anali otchuka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali kusintha kwa mitundu iyi - tsopano inali ndi maluwa akulu akulu oyera, ndipo chomeracho chinali ndi muvi wautali wokhala ndi ma peduncle ambiri.

Pambuyo pachimake cha kutchuka kwa phelanopsis yoyera itadutsa, obereketsa adayamba kupanga zokondera pakukula kwa mitunduyi makamaka yosunga nyumba. Chifukwa cha izi chinali kuwonjezeka kwa ma orchid omwe adapangidwa - ambiri amafuna kusunga chomera chokongola chotere kunyumba.

Masiku ano, ntchito yopanga mitundu yatsopano ikupitilira - amakhala ndi mikhalidwe yabwino, akukhala osadzichepetsa, amasintha mtundu wamaluwa ndi kukula kwake, koma, ngakhale zili choncho, orchid akadali imodzi mwa zomera zokongola komanso zosakidwa pamsika.

Chisamaliro cha Phalaenopsis

Mukapeza chomera choterocho, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasamalire, nthawi yokaika ndi kudyetsa. Phelanopsis ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodzichepetsa kwambiri kuchokera kubanja lawo, chifukwa chake sizovuta kuzisamalira.

Kuyatsa

Chinthu chachikulu cha orchid ndi kupezeka kwa kuwala kokwanira kozungulira.... Njira yabwino kwambiri ya orchid yoyera ingakhale kumwera chakum'mawa kapena kum'mawa kwa nyumbayo - pamawindo otere, duwa silimalandira kutentha kwa dzuwa, koma nthawi yomweyo lidzalandira kuwala kofunikira.

Kwa phalaenopsis, ndi miphika yowonekera yokha yomwe ili yoyenera - pokonza photosynthesis, chomerachi sichimangokhala masamba okha, komanso mizu.

Kutentha

Mulingo watsiku ndi tsiku usapitirire madigiri 27, ndipo kuchuluka kwa usiku sikuyenera kutsikira madigiri 16. Musanaike chomera m'malo mwake, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zokongoletsa. Phelanopsis amatha kudwala mosavuta kuchokera kwa iwo.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira duwa kumachitika pokhapokha nthaka itauma... Palibe chifukwa chomwe orchid ingasefukire madzi, apo ayi mizu yake idzaola ndipo maluwa angafe.

CHENJEZO: Komanso, simungathe kuumitsa - pamenepa, mizu ndi masamba zidzauma, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kukonzanso mbewu. M'chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira kamodzi masiku atatu kapena atatu, ndipo nthawi yozizira, kamodzi masiku 7-9.

Onerani kanema wonena za kuthirira koyenera kwa phalaenopsis:

Chinyezi

Chinyezi chamlengalenga mozungulira orchid chikuyenera kukhala osachepera 60%... Apo ayi, duwa sililandira chinyezi chokwanira ndipo limatha kudwala. Ngati mpweya mchipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi mphikawo kapena kupopera malo ozungulira maluwawo. Njira zoterezi ndizofunikira pakakhala chinyezi chochepera 40%.

Mukapopera mbewu, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sakugwera pakati pa inflorescence kapena rosettes ya masamba - izi zimawopseza ndi kuvunda. Chinyezi chowonjezera chiyenera kuchotsedwa pamwamba pa chomeracho.

Onerani kanema wa njira zowonjezera chinyezi kuzungulira ma orchid:

Gawo lapansi

Kuti orchid imve bwino, imafunikira gawo lapadera lotayirira.... Mutha kugula m'sitolo, kapena mutha kuphika nokha. Zolembedwazo ziyenera kuphatikiza zinthu monga:

• Makungwa a paini (utomoni waulere).
• Moss wa Sphagnum.
• Zipolopolo za mtedza zodulidwa.

MFUNDO: Ngati thovu limagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nthaka, ndiye kuti liyenera kukhala lakale (osachepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi). Zatsopano zimakhala ndi zinthu zosakhazikika zomwe zingasokoneze thanzi la chomeracho.

Tumizani

Phelanopsis salola kubzala bwino, choncho, ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha pakufunika. Zimachitika ngati:

• Kuwonongeka kwa mizu kulipo.
• Gawo lapansi lasokonekera ndipo likufunika kuti lisinthidwe.
• Chomeracho chimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo.
• Mizu imatuluka mwamphamvu mumphika (yakhala yaying'ono kwa orchid).
• Kukhazikika kwa mphika (kumagwera pansi pa kulemera kwa chomeracho).

Ngati kumuika ndikofunikira, ndiye kuti kumachitika molingana ndi izi:

1. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa mosamala mumphika. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kuziviika m'madzi kwa ola limodzi, ndiye kuti mizu yowuma imachoka pamakoma mosavuta.
2. Mizu imatsukidwa ndi zotsalira za gawo lapansi (mutha kutsuka pansi pamadzi oyera ofunda).
3. Mizu yakufa kapena yowonongeka imadulidwa ndi lumo kapena mpeni wakuthwa.
4. Malo odulira ayenera kukonzedwa ndi mpweya wosweka.
5. Chomeracho chimauma kutentha kwa ola limodzi.
6. Ngalande (miyala kapena zidutswa za njerwa) zimayikidwa pansi mumphika watsopano, gawo lapansi laikidwapo pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a kutalika kwa mphikawo.
7. Orchid imayikidwa mosamala mumtsuko wamaluwa ndipo mizu yake imakonkhedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi gawo lina lonse (malo opanda kanthu pakati pawo adzaza). Ndikofunika kuti musamakulitse chomeracho pansi - masamba otsika ayenera kukhala pamwamba.
8. Pambuyo pobzala, duwa silimwetsedwe kwa masiku 3-4, ndikupatsa nthawi kuti isinthe

Nthaka siyingathe kukanikizidwa ndikukakamira, iyenera kuyikidwa miphika... Kupanda kutero, izi zipititsa patsogolo mavuto ndi mizu ya orchid.

Onerani kanema wonena za maluwa oyenera a orchid:

Zovala zapamwamba

Izi sizidalira nyengo, koma mtundu wa orchid. Pali maluwa omwe amadyetsa:

• Orchid mu gawo lokula masamba.
• Alibe kuvunda kapena matenda ena.
• Chiyambi cha maluwa, mapangidwe a mphukira.
• Zomera zomwe zimakula popanda dothi kapena pagawo lopangira (sabata iliyonse).
• Mukamwentchera ndi madzi osungunuka.

Njira zabwino zopangira feteleza ndi feteleza za Schultz kapena forte.... Zonsezi ndizapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndizoyenera mitundu yonse ndi mitundu ya ma orchid. Amapangidwa mumadzi, osakanikirana, chifukwa chake, musanadye, muyenera kuwerenga malangizowo. Chepetsani Bona Forte NPK ya ma orchids mu chiyerekezo cha 4: 2.5: 6 ndi 5 ml mu 1.5 malita a madzi. Ma Schultz orchids NPK 19% -31% -17%, 0,5 tsp iliyonse. kwa malita 3 a madzi.

Onerani kanema wonena za kudyetsedwa koyenera kwa maluwa.

Chithunzi

Pambuyo pake muwona chithunzi cha phalaenopsis yoyera.

Ngakhale kuti orchid imafunikira mphamvu zambiri komanso zikhalidwe zina posunga, izi sizimakhudza kutchuka kwake. Maluwa odabwitsa a pinki, achikasu komanso abuluu pa Phalaenopsis adzakondweretsa okondedwa anu ndi abwenzi anu.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

Nthawi zina, ngakhale mutasamala kwambiri, sikutheka kupewa kuwukira kwa tizirombo, komwe sikungangofooketsa, komanso kuwononga maluwa:

1. Ziphuphu, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mealybugs, whitefly - onse ali ndi vuto pa chomeracho. Ayenera kumenyedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, monga Aktara kapena Confidor. Ndalamazi zimasungunuka m'madzi, malinga ndi malangizo.
2. Zotere Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kangaude ndi cyclamen amafuna njira ina. Nkhupakupa zilizonse ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi ma acaricides okha, kusinthanitsa mankhwala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
3. Kutupa ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a orchid.... Izi zimachokera pakuthirira mbewu. Zimakhala zovuta kuchitira chomera choterocho, chifukwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timayambira pakavunda timafalikira mpaka maluwa onse.
4. Komanso pakati pa matenda ofala kwambiri ndi awa kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi chisanu... Poyamba, ndikosavuta kuchoka pa orchid - ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi zinthu zabwino. Mkhalidwe wachiwiri ndi wovuta kwambiri ndipo chomeracho chimamwalira nthawi zambiri.

Mapeto

Ngakhale kuti orchid imafunikira mphamvu zambiri komanso zikhalidwe zina posamalira, izi sizimakhudza kutchuka kwake. Maluwa okongolawo akuyenera kuchita khama, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa mitundu yosakanizidwa yosamalira nyumba kumachepetsa kusamalira mbewu.

Onerani kanemayo: Keep Orchids Healthier by Staking u0026 Stabilizing! - Orchid Tips for Beginners (July 2024).