Ngongole zoyambira ndikupanga bizinesi - momwe mungapezere ngongole kubizinesi yaying'ono kuyambira pomwepo komanso komwe ngongole kumabizinesi ang'onoang'ono zimaperekedwa popanda chikole: Mabanki TOP-3

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Moni, owerenga okondedwa a magazini ya Ideas for Life! Munkhaniyi, tikukuwuzani momwe mungapangire ngongole kuti muyambe ndikupanga bizinesi yaying'ono kuyambira pomwe mungapeze ngongole yopanda chitetezo ku bizinesi yanu.

Mwa njira, mwawona kuti mtengo wa dola ndiwofunika kale motani? Yambani kupanga ndalama pamasiyana pamitengo yosinthira apa!

Si chinsinsi kuti ndalama zambiri zimafunikira kuti mupange bizinesi yanu. Koma amalonda sakhala ndi ndalama zokwanira nthawi zonse. Ambiri mwa iwo ayenera kukhala okhutira ndi zomwe ali nazo.

Komabe, njira yotulukira nthawi zonse imapezeka. Ngati ndalama sizikwanira, atha kukhala Ngongole yabizinesi... Ndicho mutuwu womwe buku lathu lamasiku ano ladzipereka.

Mutawerenga nkhani yomwe yaperekedwa koyambirira mpaka kumapeto, muphunzira:

Ndi ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kubwereketsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati;
Zomwe mukufuna kuti mutenge ngongole kuti muyambitse bizinesi kuyambira pomwepo;
Ndi njira ziti zomwe ziyenera kutengedwa kuti mutenge ngongole yachitukuko cha bizinesi yaying'ono.

Kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi, tiyesa kuyankha mafunso otchuka kwambiri okhudzana ndi ngongole zamabizinesi.

Buku lofotokozedwali lipindulitsa kwa amalonda omwe akukonzekera kutenga ngongole yamabizinesi. Sizingakhale zopanda phindu kuwerengera nkhaniyi mosamala kwa iwo omwe amakonda zachuma. Monga akunena, nthawi ndi ndalama... Chifukwa chake simuyenera kutaya yambani kuwerenga tsopano!

Mwa njira, makampani otsatirawa amapereka zabwino kwambiri pangongole:

Udindo	Yerekezerani	Nyamula nthawi	Zolemba malire kuchuluka	Osachepera kuchuluka	Zaka malire	Madeti omwe angakhalepo
1	Zogulitsa	3 min.	RUB 30,000 Onani!	RUB 100	18-65	Masiku 7-21
2	Zogulitsa	3 min.	RUB 70,000 Onani!	RUB 2,000	21-70	Masiku 10-168
3		1 min.	RUB 80,000 Onani!	RUB 1,500	18-75	Masiku 5-126.
4	Zogulitsa	Mphindi 4	RUB 30,000 Onani!	RUB 2,000	18-75	Masiku 7-30
5	Zogulitsa	-	RUB 70,000 Onani!	RUB 4,000	18-65	Masiku 24-140.
6		Mphindi 5.	RUB 15,000 Onani!	RUB 2,000	20-65	Masiku 5-30

Tsopano tiyeni tibwerere kumutu wankhani yathuyi ndikupitiliza.

Mwa njira, makampani otsatirawa amapereka zabwino kwambiri pangongole:

Udindo	Nyamula nthawi	Zolemba malire kuchuluka	Osachepera kuchuluka	Zaka malire	Madeti omwe angakhalepo
1	3 min.	RUB 30,000 Onani!	RUB 100	18-65	Masiku 7-21
2	3 min.	RUB 70,000 Onani!	RUB 2,000	21-70	Masiku 10-168
3	1 min.	RUB 80,000 Onani!	RUB 1,500	18-75	Masiku 5-126.
4	Mphindi 4	RUB 30,000 Onani!	RUB 2,000	18-75	Masiku 7-30
5	Mphindi 5.	RUB 15,000 Onani!	RUB 2,000	20-65	Masiku 5-30

Tsopano tiyeni tibwerere kumutu wankhani yathuyi ndikupitiliza.

Pazomwe ngongole zoyambira / kupanga bizinesi ndizo, momwe mungaperekere ngongole yamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati kuyambira pomwe mungapeze ngongole ya bizinesi popanda chikole - werengani patsamba lino.

1. Ngongole kumabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati - kuyambitsa ndikupanga bizinesi pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zobwerekedwa 💳

Kungakhale kovuta kupeza ngongole yachitukuko cha bizinesi. Ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza ndalama zoyambira bizinesi yaying'ono kapena yapakatikati.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mabanki ambiri amakayikira amalonda ndi makampani omwe angopangidwa kumene. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa amalonda omwe sangapereke umboni wokwanira wokhazikika kwawo.

Ndizotheka kumvetsetsa omwe amabweza ngongole. Banki si bungwe lachifundo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti iwonetsetse kuti ndalamazo zibwezedwa munthawi yake. Njira yosavuta yopezera ngongole ndi kwa amalonda omwe akhala akugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali.

Pali njira zingapo zopezera Ngongole yoyambira bizinesi... Komabe, polembetsa, wobwereka ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimayambira mabizinesi oyambira zimakhala zovuta. Zonsezi zidapangidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti banki ibwezereranso ngongole yake munthawi yake.

Mabungwe angongole amapereka mapulogalamu ambiri kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono. Komabe, ambiri aiwo safuna kuyanjana ndi amalonda komanso anthu ena. Kuyambitsa bizinesi kuyambira pomwepo kumalumikizidwa nthawi zonse zoopsa zazikulu... Obwereketsa sakufuna kulanda.

Nthawi zambiri, bizinesi yomwe idapangidwa imakhala yopanda phindu. Izi zikachitika, sipadzakhala wobwezera ngongolezo.

Mabanki omwe amapereka ngongole kumabizinesi ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amatenga izi kuti athetse mavuto awo:

chofunikira pakuwonjezera chitetezo ngati chikole kapena chikole;
kulembetsa inshuwaransi;
kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ngongole;
Pemphani kuti mupatsidwe dongosolo lazamalonda ngati mukufuna kuyambitsa bizinesi yatsopano;
Pangani mapulogalamu a ngongole ndi zochulukira zowonjezera;
kusanthula mosamala zambiri zokhudza wobwereka mtsogolo.

Ngati bizinesi yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo, zidzakhala zosavuta kupeza ndalama pangongole.

Pali apadera mapulogalamu obwereketsa mothandizidwa ndi boma,zomwe zidapangidwa kwa iwo omwe amachita bizinesi mdera lopindulitsa boma.
Mwachitsanzo, pali mapulogalamu opangira zokolola ku Far East kapena Far North.

Ngati wochita bizinesi woyamba alibe ndalama zochepa zoyambira kuchita, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta komanso kopindulitsa kukonza Ngongole yosayenera ya ogula... Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kutsimikizira kuti ndinu solvency panokha.

Ngati mukufuna kubwereka ngongole kubizinesi, kampani yobwereketsa ndalama iyenera kufotokoza cholinga cholandirira ndalama.

Nthawi zambiri, zolinga zamabizinesi otsatirawa zimakhala ngati zokongoza:

kumanga capital capital;
kugula zida zowonjezera kapena zosintha;
kupeza ziphaso komanso ziphaso.

Mabanki sakufuna kupereka ngongole pazinthu zonse. Amakonda kupereka ngongole zantchito zokhazokha zachuma.

Nthawi yobwezera ngongole imatsimikizika payekhapayekha, kutengera ntchito zomwe zikuyenera kuthetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe mwalandira:

Ngati cholinga chopeza ngongole ndikuwonjezera ndalama zogwirira ntchito, nthawi yobwezera nthawi zambiri imakhala sikudutsa chaka chimodzi;
Ngongole ikaperekedwa kuti mugule zida kapena kutsegula nthambi zatsopano, ngongole zimaperekedwa kuyambira zaka 3 mpaka 5.

Amalonda a Novice ayenera kukhala okonzeka kuti athe kutsimikizira solvency yawo angafunikire kupereka lonjezo... Katundu wodula zamadzi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikole.

Nthawi zambiri, mabanki amavomereza ngati chikole:

malowa;
magalimoto;
zida;
zotetezedwa.

Katundu wina yemwe amafunidwa pamsika amathanso kuperekedwa ngati chikole.

Kuphatikiza pakupezeka kwa ndalama zapamwamba, mabanki amakumbukiranso izi:

Mbiri yabwino kwambiri ya ngongole. Omwe aphwanya mapangano angongole sangapeze ngongole yayikulu;
Zizindikiro zachuma zimaganiziridwa mukamapereka ngongole ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito;
Kukhalapo ndi mtundu wa mbiri yabizinesi;
Malo omwe kampani imagwira pamsika, komanso momwe amakhalira pamakampani;
Kuchuluka ndi mtundu wazinthu zokhazikika. Zina mwazinthu zakuthupi ndi ukadaulo wamabizinesi zimawerengedwanso.

Zonsezi pamwambapa zimasokoneza njira yopezera ngongole kumakampani komanso amalonda.

Ochita bizinesi samakwanitsa nthawi zonse kusankha paokha ngongole yoyenera ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse kubanki. Ngati izi zikuchitika, ndizomveka kulumikizana osinthitsa ngongole.

Makampaniwa amathandizira kupeza ngongole. Koma muyenera kukhala osamala momwe mungathere ndikusamutsa ndalama ngongoleyo isanaperekedwe. Pali zoyipa zambiri pakati pa amalonda.

Mitundu yotchuka ya ngongole zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati

2. Kodi ngongole za bizinesi ndi ziti - mitundu isanu ikuluikulu ya ngongole 📑

Kusankha mtundu wa ngongole yamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati kuyenera kutengera mawonekedwe apadera a ntchito inayake.

Ndikofunika kulingalira kuti pamakhala milandu ingapo pomwe kuli kofunikira kwaomwe akuchita bizinesi kumene mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito ngongole zomwe sizinalembedwe kwa anthu. Atapereka ngongole yotere, nzika zili ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe amalandira mwakufuna kwawo.

Musaiwale kuti pali mitundu ingapo ya ngongole kubizinesi. Zotchuka kwambiri ndizofotokozedwa pansipa.

Mtundu 1. Ngongole zachikhalidwe

Ngongole zamabizinesi achikale zimaperekedwa pazifukwa izi:

ngati mukufuna kudzipangira ntchito ndikuyambitsa bizinesi yanu;
pa chitukuko cha bizinesi yomwe ilipo;
Kukhazikitsa capital capital;
kugula zida ndi zinthu zina zokhazikika.

Pazokongoletsa ngongole zomwe cholinga chake ndikukhazikitsa ntchito zina zamabizinesi, mlingowu nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi 1.5-3% m'munsi ↓... Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi wobwereketsa osankhidwa komanso pulogalamuyo.

Msika wapakati pamsika uli pafupi 15%... Nthawi zambiri, popereka ndalama, zimatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Kukula kwa ngongole yamabizinesi achikhalidwe kumatsimikizika Zolinga za wobwerekakomanso osankhidwa pulogalamu... Mtunduwo ukhoza kukhala waukulu kwambiri.

Mabanki amapereka ngongole zazing'ono zonse m'milingo ingapo ya mamiliyoni ochepa komanso yayikulu m'makhumi makumi angapo. Nthawi yomweyo, wochita bizinesi azitha kutenga zochepa kuposa makampani apakatikati ndi akulu..

Onani 2. Zowonjezera

Ngongoleyi imatha kupezeka kubanki ndi omwe ali ndi makhadi ndi maakaunti apano. Nthawi zambiri, overdraft imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabungwe apakatikati ndi akulu.

Zowonjezera - uwu ndi mtundu wobwereketsa womwe umapatsa wobwereka mwayi woti atenge ndalama muakauntiyi muyezo wopitilira muyeso wake. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochulukirapo kuposa zomwe zimayikidwa pa akauntiyi, mwini wake amakakamizidwa kulipira chidwi.

Ntchitoyi imalola makampani kuthetsa mipata ya ndalama... Zimayimira zochitika ngati kulibe ndalama zokwanira muakaunti yomwe bungwe limakwaniritsa zomwe ali nazo pakadali pano. Atalandira ndalama kuchokera kwa omwe ali ndi ngongole ku akaunti ya wobwereketsayo, amapita kukabwezera ngongoleyo.

Chiwongoladzanja cha chiwongola dzanja chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu:

kuchuluka kwa zomwe zapezeka pa akauntiyo;
kudalira kwa banki kwa wobwereka;
nthawi yantchito munyimbo inayake yangongole, ndi zina zambiri.

Pafupipafupi pamsika, mitengo imasiyanasiyana mkati kuchokera ku 12 mpaka 18% pachaka... Chofunikira pakuwonjezera ndalama ndikuti palibe chifukwa choperekera chikole ngati chikole kapena ma guarantors.

Onani 3. Mawu a ngongole

Mawu a ngongole Ngongole yoperekedwa osati nthawi yomweyo, koma pang'ono pang'ono. Poterepa, wochita bizinesi amabwereka ndalama pafupipafupi.

Ngongole imakhala yabwino kwa kasitomala chifukwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lokongola la ngongole yomwe akufuna pakadali pano. Nthawi yomweyo, ndalama zokongoza zidzakwezedwa, chifukwa chiwongola dzanja chimangowerengeredwa pamaziko a ngongole zomwe zilipo pano.

Lingaliro lofunikira pophunzira nkhani yopereka ngongole ndi gawo... Ndi gawo la ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa nthawi imodzi.
Chofunikira ndikuti kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa ngongole panthawi iliyonse sikuyenera kupitirira malire onse a ngongole.

Malinga ndi mgwirizano, zidutswa zimatha kuperekedwa kwa kasitomala nthawi ndi nthawi kapena pakufunika. Zikatero, wobwereka ayenera kulemba fomu yofunsira gawo la ngongole.

Mtundu wa 4. Chitsimikizo cha Banki

Pamenepo, chitsimikizo ku banki ukhoza kungoyitcha kuti ngongole pokha pang'ono.

Ndizolondola kwambiri kunena za izi ngati mtundu wotsimikizika, komanso mtundu wa inshuwaransi motsutsana ndi kuopsa kwakusasinthika. Izi zikachitika, ndalama zomwe makasitomala amakwaniritsa zidzalipidwa ndi banki.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumunda zogula anthu, ndi ntchito... Apa chitsimikizo chimakhala chitsimikizo chokwaniritsa udindo pansi pa mgwirizano waboma.

Ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire mosamala malingaliro oyambira, komanso mfundo za chitsimikizo cha banki.

Pali magulu atatu omwe akuchita nawo zomwe zikuchitika:

Banki nthawi zambiri imakhala guarantor yazogulitsa. Ndi iye amene amalingalira kukwaniritsidwa kwa maudindo ngati kuphwanya malamulo a mgwirizano;
Mphunzitsi wamkulu ndi kontrakitala. Chitsimikizo cha banki chimamalizidwa ngati munthu uyu sangasinthe;
Wopindula - kasitomala yemwe wagwirizana nawo mgwirizano. Ayenera kukhala wotsimikiza kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano kudzachitika mokwanira.

Kudziwa kuti ndi maphwando ati omwe akutenga nawo gawo pomaliza chitsimikizo cha banki, ndikosavuta kumvetsetsa momwe akuchitira:

Wopindula ndi mphunzitsi wamkulu amapanga mgwirizano ndi wina ndi mnzake. Wogula (wopindula) nthawi yomweyo amafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti athandizidwa munthawi yake komanso mokwanira. Kudalira koteroko ndikofunikira makamaka pomaliza mgwirizano waboma, komanso malamulo oti agwire ntchito yayikulu kapena kugulitsa katundu wambiri.
Kutsimikizira kudalirika kwanu, komanso kuteteza zowopsa, kontrakitala amapatsa kasitomala chitsimikizo cha kuchuluka kwa mgwirizano. Ngati pazifukwa zina akulephera kukwaniritsa udindo wake, banki imalipira kasitomala ndalama.

Komabe, banki siyikhalabe yotayika. Kuti mupeze chitsimikizo cha kubanki, mphunzitsi wamkulu amalipira kwa guarantor wina ntchito... Kuphatikiza apo, atapereka ndalama kwa wopindulayo, guarantor ali ndi ufulu wofunsa ndalamayi kwa wamkuluyo.

Onani 5. Ngongole zenizeni

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu ya ngongole zomwe tafotokozazi, pali mitundu ingapo ya ngongole kubizinesi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza ndi kubwereketsa.

1) Zolemba

Zojambula ndizo mawonekedwe a ngongole yazinthuzomwe zimaperekedwa kubizinesi ndi mabanki kapena makampani apadera.

Dongosolo lolembera likuwoneka losavuta:

Wogula amalandira kuchokera kwa wogulitsa zinthu zofunika kuchita bizinesi (Mwachitsanzo, zopangira ndi zida).
Kampani yobwereketsa (banki kapena kampani yolemba zolemba) imalipira invoice kwa wogula.
Pambuyo pake, wobwereketsayo pang'onopang'ono amalandira ndalama kuchokera kwa wogula.

Ubwino wofalitsa nkhani ndiwowonekeratu kwa onse atatu:

Makasitomala atha kugula zinthu zomwe akufunikira osadikirira kuti zitheke.
Wogulitsa nthawi yomweyo amalandira ndalama popanda kufunika koti azipereka magawo pang'ono.
Bank kapena kampani yolemba zolemba popereka ndalama zimalandira ndalama mu mawonekedwe peresenti... Nthawi zina, mitengo yomwe ili pamgwirizanowu sikuperekedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, wogulitsa amapangitsa banki kuchotsera pamtengo. Wobwereketsa amalandila kuchokera kwa wogula mtengo wa katundu mokwanira.

Kumbukirani zolembazo zimatanthauza ngongole zazifupi. Iyenera kubwezedwa mwachangu kwambiri kuposa ngongole zachikhalidwe. Nthawi zambiri mawu omwe ali mgwirizanowu samapitilira miyezi sikisi.

Wogula samadziwa nthawi zonse kuti ufulu wofunsa ngongole kwa iye wapatsidwa kwa wina. Mwina angaganize kuti sitoloyo yamupatsa katunduyo pang'onopang'ono. Poterepa, amakambirana kutseka zolemba... Ngati anzawo akupanga poyera (agwirizana pazamagulitsidwe onse), alipo kutsegula zolemba.

2) Kubwereketsa

Kubwereketsa kumatchedwa mosiyana kubwereketsa ndalama... Zimakhudza kupezeka kwa katundu wosiyanasiyana (Mwachitsanzo, zida kapena magalimoto) ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kasitomala.

Mabanki amakono ali ndi mabungwe omwe amabwereketsa kwa ogwira ntchito m'malo mwa ndalama.

Kwa makampani omwe angotsegulidwe kumene, kubwereketsa kutha kukhala mwayi wabwino kwambiri woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodula. Koma ndi bwino kuganizira kuti idzaperekedwa osati kwa eni, koma kubwereka. Pamenepa, kuwonetseratu kumapeto kwa mgwirizano.

Pali zabwino zingapo pakubwereketsa:

chiwongola dzanja chomwe chimatsimikizira mtengo wa ngongoleyo ndichotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chachikhalidwe;
liwiro la kulembetsa;
phukusi locheperako zikalata zofunika;
palibe chifukwa choperekera mapulani a bizinesi, komanso maphunziro azachuma;
zofunikira mokhulupirika kwa makasitomala.

Kubwereketsa ndipo zolemba Ndi zida zobwereketsa zosavuta. Koma musaiwale kuti adapangidwa kuti athe kuthana ndi bizinesi yochepa kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kuti muwerenge mosamala mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo ya ngongole. Kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane kokha ubwino ndipo nechuma, komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito iliyonse mwanjira inayake kumakupatsani mwayi wosankha bwino.

Zomwe mabanki amayang'ana akafunsira ngongole yaying'ono yamabizinesi

3.4 mfundo zazikulu zopezera ngongole yotsegulira ndikupanga bizinesi yaying'ono 📋

Kuyambitsa bizinesi iliyonse, sikokwanira kungokhala ndi chikhumbo chokha ndi njira yachitukuko; ndalama zochuluka zimafunikanso. Komabe, kupeza ngongole pazinthu zotere kumakhala kovuta.

Mabanki amayang'anitsitsa kasitomala aliyense mosamala. Wobwereketsa yemwe akuyenera kubweza ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za wobwereketsayo, komanso momwe angafunire ngongole.

Komabe, ndizotheka kuwonjezera mwayi wovomereza pempholi. Ndikokwanira kutsatira zikhalidwe zina, zomwe zazikuluzikulu zili pansipa.

Mkhalidwe 1. Kupereka mapepala athunthu kwambiri

Ndikosatheka kupeza ngongole popanda kupatsa banki zikalata zomwe zili m'ndandanda yomwe adalemba.

Wobwereka ayenera kumvetsetsa phukusi lathunthu lathunthu lomwe amatha kusonkhanitsa, ndizotheka kulandira chisankho choyenera mwa kugwiritsa ntchito.

Ndikofunikira kuti zolembedwa zonse zikhale zatsopano kuyambira tsiku lomwe zidaperekedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kutero makope.

Komabe, muyenera kupita ku banki limodzi ndi zoyambirirazo, chifukwa wogwira ntchito adzawayang'ana. Ngati pazifukwa zina sizotheka kupereka zoyambirirazo, muyenera kulemba makope omwe apangidwa.

Ndikofunikanso kufotokoza ngati ziphatso ndipo eni luso pokhazikitsa mtundu wosankhidwa wa ntchito. Ngati mungakonzekeretu pasadakhale, mwayi wopeza ngongole zoyambira bizinesi udzawonjezeka kwambiri↑.

Mkhalidwe 2. Kupereka chikole

Kubanki, chikole chimakhala chitsimikizo chowonjezeranso pakubwezeredwa kwa ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa pangongole. Komabe, zabwino za ngongole zoterezi ndizodziwikiratu osati kwa obwereketsa okha, komanso kwa omwe amabwereka okha.

Ngati pali chindapusa, mutha kudalira ngongole zabwino:

Kubetcha Ngongole zotere, zachikhalidwe pansi pake ↓;
Nthawi yobwereranso Kutalika;
Zofunikira pobwereka wokhulupirika kwambiri.

Pachikhalidwe, pali mitundu iwiri yachigwirizano:

chikole;
chitsimikizo.

Chombocho chikhoza kukhala:

malo okhala ndi osakhala;
minda;
magalimoto;
pakufunika komanso zida zogwirira ntchito;
zotetezera madzi.

Katundu wina wamadzi woyenera banki amathanso kukhala chikole.

Mtundu wina wa chitetezo ndi chitsimikizo Komanso kumawonjezera kwambiri mwayi wosankha zabwino. Amatha kukhala ngati ma guarantor monga thupindipo mabungwe azovomerezeka.

Komanso, chikole chitha kuvomerezedwa kuchokera ku:

m'matawuni komanso madera akumisika ochitira bizinesi;
Zofungatira bizinesi;
nyumba zina, zomwe cholinga chake ndikuthandizira bizinesi koyambirira kwa chitukuko.

Mkhalidwe 3. Mbiri yabwino ya ngongole

Banki ili mkati mopanga chisankho chobwereketsa ngongole, mosalephera imawunika mbiri ya yemwe angabwereke. Ngati ntchitoyo ndi ya ngongole yamabizinesi, njirayi imangoyang'aniridwa ndi oyang'anira kampani komanso amalonda.

Ubwino wodziwika kuti ndi ngongole umapangidwa poganizira izi:

kubweza bwino komanso kwakanthawi kwa ngongole zomwe adalandira kale;
kusowa kwa ziphuphu pamgwirizano wamakampani omwe adachitapo kale;
ngongole zonse zomwe zidaperekedwa kale zidabwezedwa.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa Mabanki samaganiza nthawi zonse kuti kusowa mbiri yakubweza ngongole kuli bwino kuposa mbiri yomwe yawonongeka. Pachiyambi, banki singadziwe zomwe angayembekezere kwa wobwereka. Nthawi yomweyo, mbiri yoyipa ya ngongole nthawi zina imawonekera pazifukwa zomveka.

Mwa njira, lero mabanki ena ndi mabungwe azachuma amapereka chithandizo kuti akonze mbiri ya ngongole. Zachidziwikire, njirayi ndiyotalika. Tiyenera kupereka ngongole zingapo zomwe tingakhale nazo ndikuzibweza munthawi yake.

Mkhalidwe 4. Kupezeka kwa mapulani apamwamba a bizinesi kuti mupeze ngongole

Ndondomeko yamabizinesi ndi chikalata chofunikira pakukhazikitsa zochitika. Chikalatachi ndi chofunikira osati kubanki kokha, komanso kwa wamalonda mwiniwake.

Akatswiri amati kuti popanda kumvetsetsa zoyambira pakupanga dongosolo lamabizinesi, palibe chifukwa choyambitsa bizinesi yanu. Werengani zambiri mwatsatanetsatane pakupanga dongosolo la bizinesi patsamba lathu.

Chikalata chojambulidwa mwaluso chimathandiza kudziwa njira zopititsira patsogolo bizinesi. Popanda izi, ndizovuta kudziwa kuti ndalamazo ndi ndalama zake zizikhala zotani, zomwe zikutanthauza ngati bizinesiyo ingakhale yopindulitsa.

Ndondomeko ya bizinesi yomwe imawonetsa momwe akukonzera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe adalandira pa ngongole kubanki.

Koma musaiwale kuti dongosolo la bizinesi ndi chikalata chokhala ndi masamba angapo. Mwachilengedwe, ogwira ntchito kubanki alibe nthawi yokwanira kuti awerenge chikalatachi. Chifukwa chake, kufunsira ngongole, amapereka mtundu wake wachidule, womwe uli osaposa masamba 10.

Potsatira mosamala zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, wobwereka atha kukulitsa mwayi wosankha moyenera pempho la ngongole.

Tikukulangizaninso kuti muwerenge nkhani yathu momwe mungaperekere ngongole kwa wochita bizinesi kuti ayambe bizinesi.

4. Kodi mawonekedwe a ngongole zazing'onozing'ono ndizotani popanda chikole ndi ma guarantor - zofunikira zofunikira za ngongole zosatetezedwa 🗒

Polimbana ndi makasitomala, mabanki nthawi zambiri amachepetsa njira zobwereketsa. Lero, mutha kutenga ngongole yamabizinesi kuchokera pachiyambi popanda chikole ndi ma guarantors.

Ngongole zosatetezedwa zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono

Ngongole zotere nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana:

kubwezeretsanso ngongole yomwe adapereka kale;
kumanga capital capital;
kupeza katundu wokhazikika;
kubweza maakaunti omwe amalipira.

Ndikofunikira kuti muwerenge mosamala zonse zomwe zimachitika pakubwereketsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono popanda chikole ndi ma guarantors.

Ndikofunika kulabadira zabwino za ngongole zosatetezedwa zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono:

liwiro lalikulu lolembetsa, chifukwa chake kulandila ndalama;
kupanga ndandanda yobwezera payokha yomwe ingaganizire zenizeni za ntchitoyi;
kuthekera kolandila ndalama mu mawonekedwe osavuta kwa wochita bizinesi - ndalama, ndalama zakunja, posamutsa banki malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti banki imasanthula mosamala zikalata zoperekedwa asanapereke ngongole. Izi zimachitika payekhapayekha pamlandu uliwonse. Pakufufuza, ogwira ntchito kubanki amayesetsa kuwunika Kutha kwa wobwerekakuti mupeze chitsimikizo chobweza ngongole zomwe mwapereka.

Mukamapempha ngongole popanda kupereka chitetezo, chitsimikizo chobweza ngongole ndi:

mbiri ya wobwereka;
ziyembekezo zakukula kwamabizinesi;
kukula kwa phindu lomwe lakonzedwa.

Likukhalira kuti mbali imodzi njira zopezera ngongole popanda kupereka chitetezo ndizosavuta kwambiri.

koma mbali inayi, mwayi wolandila chisankho pamagwiridwewo yachepetsedwa kwambiri significantly. Izi ndizowona makamaka pabizinesi yomwe yangopangidwa kumene kapena yomwe yakonzedwa.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma bounces kumafotokozedwa mwachidule - kwa wobwereketsa, chiopsezo chosabweza mukamapereka ndalama zakuyambitsa mabizinesi chikuwonjezeka⇑

Ichi ndichifukwa chake, popanga mapulogalamu opereka ngongole kumabizinesi osagwiritsa ntchito ndalama, omwe amabweza ngongole nthawi zambiri amalimbitsa mikhalidwe yawo.

Ngongole zamabizinesi opanda chikole ndi ma guarantor amadziwika ndi izi:

Nthawi zochepa zobwerera- uyenera kukwaniritsa zomwe zili mgwirizanowu mwachangu kwambiri;
Kukula ngongole pang'ono - sizokayikitsa kuti kungakhale kotheka kulandira ndalama zokwanira zokwanira popanda kupereka zowonjezerapo monga chikole. Nthawi zambiri, ndizotheka kulandira popanda chikole ndi ma guarantors basi 1 miliyoni miliyoni;
Kuchulukitsa kukula kwa Zachikondi poyerekeza ndi ngongole zotetezedwa ndikutsimikizika. Nthawi zambiri amafikira 25% pachaka.

Mwachilengedwe, zoterezi ndizovuta kwa amalonda. Nthawi zambiri, amalonda amapanga chisankho pamikhalidwe yotere kuti alumikizane osinthitsa ngongolelonjezo lopeza zikhalidwe zabwino kwambiri.

Koma musaiwale kuti pali achinyengo ambiri omwe akugwira ntchito m'mabungwe azamalonda. Chifukwa chake, kulipira ntchito zawo kuyenera kuchitidwa kokha ngongole itaperekedwa.

Mwa kupereka ngongole popanda chikole, mabanki amakhala pachiwopsezo chongopeza ndalama zomwe akukonzekera, komanso kutaya kwathunthu ndalama zomwe apereka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake akulimbitsa ngongole. Zotsatira zake, amalonda ambiri amakana kufunsira ngongole popanda chikole.

Nthawi zambiri, amalonda oyambira amafunikabe kusankha ngongole yotetezedwa... Amakonza ngongole zotetezedwa ndi bail komanso chikole. Pali zifukwa zingapo izi: zofunikira mokhulupirika kwa wobwereka yekha, zocheperako poyerekeza ndalama, ndi zina zambiri.

Komabe, pamenepa, njira yolembetsa imakhala yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera kupereka zikalata zotsimikizira umwini wa chinthu cholonjezedwacho. Ngati mukufuna kubwereka ndalama ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi ena, muyenera kukonzekera zikalata zake.

Magawo akulu opezera ngongole yotsegulira / kupanga bizinesi yaying'ono

5. Momwe mungapezere / kutenga ngongole kuti mutsegule ndikupanga bizinesi yaying'ono kuyambira pachiyambi - magawo asanu ndi awiri olembetsa 📝

Kupeza ngongole kubizinesi sichinthu chophweka. Choyamba, muyenera kudzizindikira zomwe mabanki amafunikira kwa omwe adzalembetse:

kupezeka kwa phindu lokhazikika kwakanthawi kwakanthawi;
kupanga mapulani apamwamba a bizinesi;
kukhala ndi katundu wamadzi okwera mtengo;
mbiri yoyera;
kupeza bizinesi mdera lamalonda;
kutsegula akaunti ku banki kuti mupeze ngongole.

Mndandandawu sunathe konse. Bungwe lililonse la ngongole limakhazikitsa njira zoperekera ngongole.

Zindikirani! Mabanki nthawi zonse amakhala ndi malingaliro olakwika kwa amalonda omwe adakumana ndi zoyipa zoyambitsa bizinesi yawo m'mbuyomu.
Nthawi yomweyo, kuchita bwino bizinesi kwakanthawi yayitali kumatha kukhala kopindulitsa kwambiri mukamapempha ngongole.

Chifukwa chokana kufunsira ngongole chingakhale:

Kulanda katundu wabizinesi ndi kasamalidwe;
Malipiro amisonkho ndi zina;
khothi lotseguka pomwe wopemphayo akutenga nawo mbali.

Zikuoneka kuti njira yopezera ngongole ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Kuti izi zitheke, oyamba kumene ayenera kuphunzira mosamala zotsatirazi malangizoyolembedwa ndi akatswiri.

Kukhazikitsa molondola njira zomwe zafotokozedwazi kumakupatsani mwayi woti mukhale ndi chisankho choyenera pamagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso kupewa zolakwa zambiri zotchuka.

Gawo 1. Kukonzekera dongosolo la bizinesi

Ochepetsa ochepa amasankha kupereka ngongole kwa amalonda ndi makampani osawunikiranso dongosolo la bizinesi... Izi ndizodziwika osati mabungwe okhaokha, komanso chitukuko cha omwe alipo.

Ndondomeko yamabizinesi Ndi chikalata chomwe chimafotokoza njira ndi njira zopititsira patsogolo bizinesi.

Kuti apange izi, mitundu ingapo ya kusanthula imachitika - kupanga, ndalama, ndipo zamakono... Nthawi yomweyo, zimaphunzitsidwa zomwe zikuchitika pakampaniyo, komanso zotsatira zamtsogolo za ntchitoyi.

Ndikofunikira kuwerengera ndalama zonse ndi ndalama zomwe zikuchitika pakukwaniritsa kwake, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa zopanga. Ndondomeko yamabizinesiyo cholinga chake ndikuwonetsa kwa wobwereketsayo komwe ndalama zake zizitsogoleredwa.

Chikalata cholembedwa mwaluso komanso mwaukadaulo chili ndi masamba ambiri. Mwachilengedwe, pophunzira za fomu yobwereketsa, ogwira ntchito kubanki alibe nthawi yokwanira yophunzirira bizinesi yonse.

Chifukwa chake, pazolinga izi, pakufunika kuti pakhale mtundu wofupikitsa wa chikalatacho, chomwe chili ndi osaposa masamba 10.

Gawo 2. Kusankha kolowera chitukuko

Posachedwa, njira yotchuka yopangira kapena kukonza bizinesi yayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chilolezo... Ndi mtundu wokonzekera kupanga zochitika, zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa wochita bizinesi ndi dzina lodziwika bwino lomwe lakhala lodziwika kale. Zambiri pazamalonda ndi kugulitsa chilolezo m'mabuku athu odzipereka.

Chilolezo chimatha kwambiri kukweza ↑ mwayi wa kuvomereza kugwiritsa ntchito... Mabanki ndiokhulupirika kwambiri pantchito kutengera mfundo zake, chifukwa mwayi wopambana pankhaniyi ndiwokwera.

Nthawi yomweyo, posankha kutsegula bizinesi yawo, osadziwika, omwe amabweza ngongole amakayikira zomwe apempha. Zikatero, palibe amene angatsimikizire kuti zinthu zidzamuyendera bwino.

Kukhala ndi chilolezo chololeza chilolezo kumasintha nkhaniyi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti makampani ambiri omwe amapereka mtundu wawo kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi omwe amagawana nawo ngongole. Kwa iye ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsira ngongole.

Gawo 3. Kulembetsa zochitika

Bungwe lililonse liyenera kulembetsa bwino ndi mabungwe aboma. Ngati kampani ikungotsegula, muyenera kutsatira njirayi.

Choyamba, munthu ayenera sankhani njira yabwino kwambiri yokhomera misonkho... Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri zofunikira kapena kulumikizana ndi akauntanti waluso.

Pambuyo pake, ndi zikalata zofunikira, muyenera kupita ku ofesi yamsonkho. Pambuyo pomaliza kulembetsa kampani, wochita bizinesiyo amapatsidwa yoyenera satifiketi.

Gawo 4. Kusankhidwa kwa banki

Kusankha malo obwereketsa ngongole ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze ngongole. Chiwerengero cha mabanki omwe amatulutsa ndalama pakupanga ndikukula kwa bizinesi ndichachikulu kwambiri. Ambiri a iwo amapereka mapulogalamu angapo okhala ndi zochitika zawo komanso mawonekedwe awo.

Zikatere, kusankha banki kumakhala kovuta. Ntchitoyi imatha kuthandizidwa poyesa mabungwe azangongole ndi machitidwe angapo omwe akatswiri amapereka.

Njira zosankhira banki ngongole yamalonda ndi iyi:

kutalika kwa nthawi yogwirira ntchito mumsika wazachuma;
kupereka mapulogalamu angapo nthawi imodzi, oyenera magulu osiyanasiyana obwereketsa;
ndemanga za makasitomala enieni omwe agwiritsa ntchito ntchito za banki yomwe ikufunsidwayo;
malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la ngongole limapereka - kuchuluka, kupezeka ndi kukula kwa ma komishoni osiyanasiyana, nthawi ndi ngongole.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kukonza ngongole m'mabanki akulu akulu. Ndikofunika kutero nthambi ndipo Makina ATM anali pamtunda woyenda wobwereka. Kupezeka ndi magwiridwe antchito ndizofunikira mofananamo banki yapaintaneti.

Gawo 5. Kusankhidwa kwamapulogalamu ndi kutumizira mapulogalamu

Banki ikasankhidwa, mutha kuyamba kuwunika mapulogalamu omwe amapereka. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti atha kukhala osiyana osati malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, komanso zofunikira kwa wobwereka kapena chikole.

Pulogalamuyo ikasankhidwa, imangotsala kuti izidyetsa ntchito... Lero sikofunikira kuti mupite kuofesi ya banki kuti mukachite izi. Mabungwe ambiri obwereketsa ndalama amapereka kutumiza mumayendedwe pa intaneti... Ndikokwanira kudzaza fomu yayifupi patsamba lino ndikudina batani "Tumizani".

Pambuyo powunikiranso pempholi ndi ogwira ntchito kubanki, kasitomala amalandira chisankho choyambirira... Ngati avomerezedwa, ikhala ndi zikalata zoyendera nthambi ya banki.
Pambuyo pokambirana ndi wopemphayo ndikuwunika zolemba zoyambirira, zivomerezedwa chisankho chomaliza.

Kupeza mwayi wofunsira ntchito kudzera pa intaneti ndikotheka kulumikizana ndi mabanki angapo nthawi imodzi. Poterepa, mutha kusunga nthawi yambiri.

Kukana kubanki imodzi ndikofunikira kudikira yankho lina.

Ngati kuvomerezedwa kumapezeka kwa angapo obwereketsa, zimatsalira kusankha oyenera kwambiri pakati pawo.

Gawo 6. Kukonzekera phukusi la zikalata

M'malo mwake, akatswiri amalangiza mopangiratu konzani zikalata zofunika, makamaka zomwe zimafunikira kulikonse. Zachidziwikire, wobwereketsa aliyense amatenga mndandanda woyenera pawokha. Komabe, pali mndandanda wazolemba.

Phukusili nthawi zonse limaphatikizapo magulu awiri azolemba:

Zolemba za wazamalonda, komanso guarantor monga munthu payekha. Izi zikuphatikiza pasipoti, chikalata chachiwirimunthu wodziwika. Nthawi zina amafunikanso lipoti la ndalama.
Zolemba zamalonda – zigawo, dongosolo la bizinesi, ndalama zotsalira kapena zikalata zina zandalama. Ngati alipo, mungafunike mgwirizano wa chilolezo... Ngati chiphaso chatulutsidwa, muyenera kutumiza zikalata za umwini pamalo ofanana.

Pomwe zikuluzikulu zomwe wobwereka mtsogolo amatha kuzisonkhanitsa, ndizotheka mwayi wosankha bwino.

Gawo 7. Kupanga ndalama zoyambirira ndikupeza ndalama zobwerekedwa

Nthawi zambiri, ngongole zamabizinesi zimangoperekedwa pokhapokha ngati malipiro oyambira... Izi makamaka zimakhudza ngongole yogula malo, magalimoto ndi zida zodula.

Pa sitepe iyi, ngati kuli kofunikira, pangani gawo loyamba ndikupeza zikalata zoyenera.

Kuti muwerenge nokha ngongole, tikupangira kuti mugwiritse ntchito chowerengera ngongole:

Komanso ikuchitika kusaina pangano la ngongole... Sizingakhale zopepuka kukukumbutsaninso zakufunika kuti muwerenge mosamalitsa mgwirizano musanasaine.

Panganolo likasainidwa, wobwereka amalandira ndalama za ngongole kubizinesiyo. Nthaŵi zambiri, ndalama zimatchulidwa mwachindunji kuwunika akaunti wobwereka. Komabe, mukalandira ngongole yogula zida, nyumba kapena magalimoto, ndalamazo zimatumizidwa kwa wogulitsa.

Ngati mutsatira malangizo omwe ali pamwambapa, mutha kupewa mavuto ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kufulumizitsa kwambiri ntchito yolembetsa.

6. Komwe mungatenge ngongole kubizinesi - TOP-3 mabanki abwino kwambiri okhala ndi ngongole zabwino 📊

Mutha kutenga ngongole yamabizinesi m'mabanki ambiri. Nthawi zambiri kusankha kumakhala kovuta. Zitha kuthandiza mafotokozedwe a mabanki abwino kwambiriyolembedwa ndi akatswiri.

Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone mabanki ati omwe amapereka ngongole zotsika mtengo komanso zopindulitsa kumabizinesi ang'onoang'ono.

1) Sberbank

Sberbank ndi banki yotchuka kwambiri ku Russia. Mapulogalamu angapo obwereketsa mabizinesi apangidwa pano.

Ziwerengero zimatsimikizira izi za 50% Achikulire aku Russia ndi makasitomala a kampaniyi yobwereketsa. Zikatere, amalonda ambiri (makamaka kumayambiriro kwa ntchito zawo) choyambirira amayesa kutenga ngongole kuno.

Akatswiri amalangiza choyambirira, mverani zikhalidwe za pulogalamuyi "Chikhulupiriro"... Lapangidwa kuti likwaniritse zosowa zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati.
Malinga ndi pulogalamuyi, popanda chikole, mutha kupeza mpaka 3 miliyoni rubles... Izi zitha kuchitika osati ndi makampani okha, komanso ndi amalonda payekha. Chiwongola dzanja kuchokera16,5% pachaka.

Sberbank ilinso ndi mapulogalamu ena:

onetsani ngongole kubizinesi;
chuma;
kubweza chuma;
pogula magalimoto ndi zida;
bizinesi yamalonda;
zolemba;
kubwereketsa.

Pali mizere yayitali kuofesi ya Sberbank. Komabe, kuti mulembetse ngongole iliyonse yamabizinesi, ndikokwanira kuchezera tsamba lake. Popeza mwadzaza mayankho pamenepo, muyenera kuyembekezera yankho pafupifupi 2-3 tsiku.

2) Raiffeisenbank

Kwa iwo omwe sangathe kupereka dongosolo la bizinesi, ma guarantors kapena katundu ngati chikole, banki imapereka kuti ipereke ngongole ya ogula.

Kwa amalonda omwe akufuna kufunsira ngongole yapadera pakampani kapena wabizinesi payekha, mapulogalamu angapo apangidwa pano:

owonjezera - mikhalidwe imalingaliridwa payekhapayekha;
kufotokoza - imakulolani kuti mupeze mwachangu kale 2-x miliyoni rubles;
zachikale - pulogalamu yomwe mungatenge kale 4,5 miliyoni miliyoni.

Kuti mupeze ngongole yabwino kubizinesi yanu, ingoyimbirani ku banki. Ogwira ntchito akulangizani ndikuthandizani kumvetsetsa zovuta zonse zamapulogalamu omwe alipo.

3) VTB Bank yaku Moscow

Ngongole zapadera zakonzedwa pano kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono omwe alipo komanso omwe atsegulidwa kumene.

Mapulogalamu otchuka kwambiri ndi awa:

kukhazikitsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito - Pulogalamu yotuluka;
kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochulukirapo pa akaunti yomwe ilipo - Zowonjezera;
pogula zida, komanso kukulitsa zomwe zilipo - Maganizo abizinesi.

Muthanso kupeza zachikhalidwe ngongole yamakasitomala payekha (mwini bizinesi)... Poterepa, kuchuluka kumatha kufikira 3-x miliyoni rubles.

Ngati ndalama zoperekedwa mu pulogalamuyi ndizokwanira kubizinesi, ndizomveka kuganiza zopeza ngongole pansi pake. Pa ngongole ya ogula, mtengo wake udzakhala kuchokera 14,9% pachaka.

Pofuna kuyerekezera mabanki abwino kwambiri, zofunikira ndi chiwongola dzanja cha ngongole zimaperekedwa patebulopo.

Tebulo "Mabanki TOP-3 omwe ali ndi ngongole zabwino kwambiri pakabizinesi":

Kuyendetsa ngongole	Kuchuluka kwa ngongole	Voterani	Mapulogalamu ena
Sberbank	3 miliyoni rubles	Kuchokera ku 16.5% pachaka pansi pa pulogalamu ya Trust	Zopereka zapadera zakonzedwa kuti mugule magalimoto ndi zida
*Raiffeisenbank*	Ma ruble 4.5 miliyoni	Kuchokera ku 12.9% pachaka	Mutha kupeza thandizo posankha pulogalamu pafoni
VTB Bank of Moscow	3 miliyoni ndi zambiri	Kuchokera ku 14.9% pachaka	Mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana otsegulira ndi ntchito

Patebulopo, mutha kusankha banki kuti ikonzere ngongole yamabizinesi ndi zinthu zabwino komanso chiwongola dzanja chochepa.

7. Kubwereketsa ngongole kumabizinesi ang'onoang'ono - komwe ndi momwe angapezere thandizo kuchokera kuboma 📃

Masiku ano, nzika zambiri zaku Russia zikukonzekera kuyambitsa bizinesi yawo. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira lingaliro ndi ndalama... Ndi woyamba, zonse zimawonekera pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri aliyense amakhala ndi lingaliro kapena amatengedwa kuchokera kumakampani ena.

Komabe, sikuti aliyense ali ndi ndalama zopangira bizinesi. Poganizira mitengo yayikulu yomwe mabanki amapereka kwaomwe akuchita bizinesi, titha kunena kuti ndiwotheka kukhala obwera kumene.

Boma limawathandiza. Monga gawo lothandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, limapereka mapulogalamu angapo obwereketsa. Komabe, musanavomereze zilizonse, muyenera kuphunzira mosamala zonse zomwe zingatheke njira zopezera thandizo kuboma.

7.1. Mitundu ya ngongole zaboma zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono

Boma likuyesera kupereka chithandizo kwa mabungwe ang'onoang'ono lero. Choyamba, imafotokozedwa m'mapulogalamu apadera a ngongole, pomwe angapo apangidwa. Amasiyana makamaka m'njira zothandizirana, komanso pamutu woyenera kuthandizidwa.

1) Microcredit yamakampani ang'onoang'ono

Madera aku Russia adachita mazikocholinga chake ndikuchepetsa ma bizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati.

Ndiwo makampani omwe amachita kupereka ngongole mothandizidwa ndi boma kwa amalonda. Momwe mungaperekere ngongole zimasiyana kutengera dera lomwe amapereka.

Chofunika kwambiri kuphatikiza (+) Othandizira okongoza ngongole kupezeka kwakukulu... Ndalama zitha kulandilidwa mosasamala kanthu komwe kampani kapena wazamalonda akugwirako ntchito.

Iyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti m'malo osiyanasiyana, kukongoza kudzera mu ndalama zitha kukakamizidwa zoletsa.

Mwambiri, momwe ngongole zaboma mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono zimadziwika ndi izi:

Bungwe kapena wochita bizinesi ayenera kulembetsa mdera lomwe ngongole ikukonzekera;
Kuchuluka kwake nthawi zambiri sichipitirira 1,5 miliyoni miliyoni, koma kwa mafakitale ena kapena zigawo zina za Russian Federation, ndalama zandalama zitha kuchepetsedwa;
Mtengo wobwereketsa waboma umadziwika ndi zinthu zambiri - ziyembekezo zamabizinesi, zosowa pamsika, solvency ya yemwe angabwereke ndalama, kupezeka kwa chikole, phindu la chikole, kukula ndi nthawi yobwereketsa. Pafupipafupi, zimasiyanasiyana mkati kuchokera 8 mpaka 12%;
Ndalama za ngongole zimaperekedwa ndikusintha kwa banki;
Yogwira malire pa kuchuluka kwa ngongole zomwe zingalembetsedwe;
Nthawi zambiri, kuti mutenge ngongole, muyenera kupereka chitetezo... Kungakhale chikole Mwachitsanzo, katundu kapena likulu logwirira ntchito, komanso chikole;
Ngati zomwe zanenedwa ndi mgwirizano waboma sizikwaniritsidwa, wobwereketsayo amakakamizidwa chabwino... Zilango zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndikuwonjezera chiwongola dzanja;
Pambuyo popereka zikalata zonse, ntchitoyo iyenera kudikirira kwakanthawi kuchokera 5 kale 10 masiku... Kutalika kwa nthawiyo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi nkhani yomwe kulembetsa kumachitika.

2) State chitsimikizo

Poterepa, kubwereketsa kumachitika kudzera kubanki yamalonda. Thumba la boma limakhala wotsimikizira Pangano la ngongole loyimiridwa ndi Federal Notary Chamber.

Obwereketsa ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti si mabungwe onse andalama omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kubwereketsa kwa boma. Kuti mudziwe banki yomwe mungalumikizane nayo, muyenera kupita patsamba lovomerezeka la boma la Russia.

M'malo mwake, ngongole zomwe zatsimikiziridwa ndi chitsimikiziro cha boma sizosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa pobwereketsa kwachikhalidwe.

Muyenera kukonzekera kuti kuganiziranso ntchitoyo kungatenge nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, sizachilendo kuti thumba limangokhala guarantor kokha gawo la ndalama zomwe mwabweza.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mwachizolowezi, zokonda pamalipiro zimaperekedwa kwa omwe akubwereka awa:

makampani opanga ndi mafakitale;
mabungwe omwe amapereka chithandizo kwa nzika m'magulu azikhalidwe;
makampani opanga nzeru.

Poganizira zofunsira boma, thumba limaganizira kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe adapanga wobwereka.

3) Zothandizira

Kwa amalonda ambiri ndalama zothandizira ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri wothandizira boma. Izi ndichifukwa choti zopereka zimaperekedwa mfulu kwathunthu... Koma musadzinyenge nokha - ndi amalonda ena okha omwe angapeze thandizo ili.

Kuti muwerengere ndalama zopezera ndalama, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo okhwima:

lembetsani ku Employment Center ndikutsata njira zolembetsa ngati munthu wosagwira ntchito;
pitani kukayezetsa magazi ku Employment Center;
kulembetsa ndikumaliza maphunziro mu Entrepreneurship;
lembani ndi kutumiza dongosolo lamabizinesi.

Ntchito yofunsira ndalama ikaganiziridwa, wochita bizinesi ayenera kulembetsa ngati kampani kapena kampani yokhayo. Pambuyo pake ndalama zomwe adakongola zimasamutsidwa kwa iye.

Ndikoyenera kulingalira! Mukalandira ngongole ndalama zonse ziyenera kulembedwa... Ndikofunika kuti zigwirizane ndendende ndi bizinesi yomwe idaperekedwa ku banki kuti iganiziridwe.

Nthawi zambiri, ndalamazi zimaperekedwa pazofunikira izi:

kugula kapena kubwereketsa nyumba kuti mugwire ntchito;
kugula katundu wogulitsa;
kugula zida, komanso zinthu zosagwira.

Kufunika kwa iwo kuyenera kuwonetsedwa mu bizinesi. Koma simuyenera kusangalala nthawi isanakwane - ntchito zambiri zothandizira zimakanidwa.

4) Perekani

Perekani ndi mtundu wina wothandizira kwa amalonda, omwe ndi kwaulere... Mwachilengedwe, sikuti aliyense adzatha kupeza ndalama zoterezi. Izi ndi zomwe ambiri amaganiza kuti vuto lalikulu la zopereka.

Magulu otsatirawa amabizinesi akuyenera kulandira chithandizo chamtunduwu:

amalonda omwe angoyamba kumene ntchito ndipo akhala akugwira ntchito zosakwana chaka chimodzi;
mabungwe omwe apanga ntchito zambiri;
Chofunikira pakuvomerezedwa kwa zopereka kwa omwe adzalembetse ndi kusakhalitsa kwa ngongole ndi zolipira ku bajeti.

Poganizira pempho la ndalama, ntchito ya bizinesi imaganiziridwanso. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti gawo lililonse la Russian Federation limasankha madera omwe amapatsidwa ndalama.

5) Malipiro, komanso misonkho

Malipiro opezera zikuyimira kubwerera kwa gawo la ndalama zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zochitika.

Ochita bizinesi omwe akugwira ntchito m'malo awa akhoza kulandira ndalama kuchokera kuboma:

kupanga kwatsopano;
kupanga zinthu zosinthira m'malo;
makampani ogwira ntchito.

Kuchotsa msonkho ndi omwe amatchedwa misonkho yamisonkho... Amatanthawuza kuti kuchotsedwa kwa bizinesi posamutsa misonkho kwakanthawi - kawirikawiri osaposa zaka 2.

Ochita bizinesi amatha kudalira tchuthi cha misonkho ngati zinthu izi zikwaniritsidwa:

ntchito inayamba posachedwapa;
posankha njira yamisonkho, wochita bizinesi amasankha njira yosavuta kapena yamaluso;
kampaniyo imagwira ntchito popanga, ntchito zachitukuko kapena sayansi.

7.2. Zofunikira kwa obwereketsa ndi mawonekedwe obwereketsa

Zofunikira kwa omwe angabwereke ndalama, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ngongole zibwereke, zimatsimikizika makamaka ndi pulogalamu yomwe wamalonda akufuna. Kuwongolera kulingalira ndi kufananiza kwa magawo awa, akuwonetsedwa patebulo pansipa.

Tebulo la kusiyana pakati pazokongoletsa ndi zofunika kwa wobwereka, kutengera mtundu wothandizirana ndi bizinesi:

Zolinga za ngongole	Makhalidwe a pulogalamuyi
*Microcredit yamakampani ang'onoang'ono*
Kulembetsa bizinesi kudera lomwe lili ku Russia, komwe akukonzekera kupereka ngongole Yogulitsa katundu wamtengo wapatali ngati chikole	Cholinga chobwereketsa ndikupanga ndikuthandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati. Nthawi yobwereketsa sikupitirira 12 miyezi
Chitsimikizo chaboma
Muyenera kulumikizana ndi omwe amapereka nawo ngongole kuboma pulogalamu yomwe ili mgululi Bizinesiyo imayenera kulembetsa pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo Ntchito zikuyenera kuchitika mdera lolembetsa ngongole Kusakhala ndi ngongole pangongole ndi zolipirira bajeti Gawo la chiwongola dzanja liyenera kubwezedwa ndi ndalama zanu	Njira yosavuta yopezera ndalama ndi makampani omwe akugwira ntchito yopanga, matekinoloje anzeru, zomangamanga, ntchito za anthu, mayendedwe, mankhwala, nyumba ndi ntchito zapagulu, zokopa alendo ku Russia Sizingatheke kwa amalonda omwe akuchita nawo njuga, inshuwaransi, banki, malo ogulitsira ndi ndalama zamtengo wapatali mapepala
Zothandizira
Dera lililonse la Russia lokha limasankha magawo azinthu zofunikira kwambiri kwa ilo. Ndi kwa iwo omwe athandiziridwe Ndikofunika kupereka dongosolo la bizinesi Thandizo limaperekedwa kwa amalonda ndi LLC Wabizinesi amayenera kuyikapo ndalama zina kuchokera ku ndalama zake	Zothandizira zimaperekedwa kuti mugule zopangira, zida, zida zopangira, komanso zinthu zosaoneka Nthawi ya mgwirizano wamalipiro ndi yocheperako - siyidutsa 12-24 miyezi
Perekani
Bizinesi imachitidwa mopitilira 12 miyezi Mbiri ya mbiriyakale iyenera kukhala yomveka bwino Kampaniyo yapanga ntchito zambiri m'derali M'mbuyomu, sanalandire zabwino zilizonse zaboma Pali ndalama zokwanira kuti apange gawo loyamba	Ndalama zimaperekedwa kokha kwa amalonda ndi makampani okhudzana ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati
Malipiro opezera
Zapangidwira makampani omwe akugwira ntchito zantchito zatsopano ndikupanga ntchito, ndikupanga katundu wolowa m'malo	Yapangidwira kutukula mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati
*Kuchotsa msonkho*
Kuchita bizinesi osatinso 12 miyezi Misonkho yosavuta kapena yamaluso imagwiritsidwa ntchito Zapangidwe zamagulu azogulitsa, makampani asayansi, ntchito zaboma	Tchuthi chamisonkho chimaperekedwa kwa 24 miyezi

Chifukwa chake, magulu otsatirawa a amalonda ali ndi mwayi wothandizidwa ndi boma:

kuyambitsa bizinesi kuyambira kochepa 1 zaka zapitazo;
kampaniyo imagwira ntchito yopanga kapena yopanga zatsopano kapena imapereka ntchito kwa anthu;
palibe mavuto ndi ngongole ndi zolipira ku bajeti.

7.3. Kumene mungapite kukapeza thandizo la boma

Kuti mupeze gawo lina lothandizira kwa amalonda, muyenera kulumikizana ndi bungwe la boma lomwe limayang'anira. Zazikulu zikufotokozedwa pansipa.

Ngati wochita bizinesi akufuna kutenga nawo gawo pulogalamu yazachumaayenera kupita ku Thumba Lothandizira Ntchito Zamalondaili m'chigawo cha Russian Federation, komwe imalembetsedwa ndikugwiranso ntchito.

Poterepa, muyenera kupereka mndandanda wazolemba. Zimasiyana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamabungwe ndi malamulo, komanso zigawo. Mndandanda wathunthu ungapezeke poyendera tsamba la Foundation ya gawo linalake la Russian Federation.

Komabe, mutha kutchula zikalata zingapo zomwe zingafunike mosalephera:

Kufunsira thandizo la boma kumatha kutsitsidwa patsamba lovomerezeka la Foundation;
funso la mafunso, komanso ma pasipoti ndi ziphaso za SNILS, onse obwereka ndi guarantor;
zolemba;
satifiketi yolembetsa msonkho;
zolemba zolemba;
satifiketi yolembetsa kuboma;
chotsani ku Unified State Register of Legal Instities kapena EGRIP;
kuchotsera m'kaundula wamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati;
ngati alipo - layisensi ndi setifiketi.

Kuti mupeze thandizo ngati chitsimikizo cha boma, ayenera kulumikizana kupita ku bankiyemwe amatenga nawo mbali pulogalamuyi.

Nthawi yomweyo, zikalatazo sizikhala zosiyana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. Kuphatikiza apo muyenera kulemba ntchito pa chitsimikizo cha boma.

Pambuyo pake, bungwe la ngongole lidzawunikiranso phukusiwo ndikusintha Ndalama... Adzaphunzidwanso kumeneko. nthawi 3masiku.

Kuti mulandire ndalama zothandizira, kupereka kapena kulipiritsa ayenera kulumikizana kusinthana ndi ntchito (Employment Center)... Zolemba zazikuluzikhala ntchitokomanso yolembedwa bwino dongosolo la bizinesi.

Ngati cholinga cha wochita bizinesi ndikutenga tchuthi chamisonkho, akuyenera kupita oyang'anira msonkho wa feduro... Ndiko komwe mungapeze zambiri, komanso mndandanda wazolemba zofunikira.

Malangizo othandiza momwe mungapezere ngongole panjira yamabizinesi yoyambira ndikupanga bizinesi yanu

8. Momwe mungapezere ngongole yamabizinesi oyambira bizinesi - Malangizo 6 othandiza ochokera kwa akatswiri 💎

Bizinesi nthawi zonse imafuna ndalama: panthawi yotsegulira, komanso chitukuko cha zochitika, sikutheka kuchita popanda kulowetsedwa ndalama zowonjezera.

Nthawi zambiri, ngongole ndiyo yankho labwino pazifukwa zazikulu ziwiri:

Kuchotsa ndalama kumayendedwe sikungakhale kothandiza nthawi zonse. Zochita zoterezi zitha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa phindu komanso kuchuluka kwa zopanga;
Poyambitsa bizinesi yanu, nthawi imasewera motsutsana ndi wochita bizinesi. Chifukwa chake, zikatero, ndiyeneranso kuganizira za ngongole, osasunga ndalama zokwanira.

Wobwereketsa ayenera kutsimikizira banki za solvency. Nthawi zambiri, pazifukwa izi, amafunika kupereka dongosolo la bizinesi... Kuwongolera ntchito yopeza ngongole pazinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa mu chikalata chofunikira ichi, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino malamulo okonzekera.

Upangiri wa akatswiri pakupanga pulani ya ngongole ya ngongole:

Malangizo 1. Ndibwino kuti mulembe mapulani a bizinesi yanu. Sizingakhale zofunikira nthawi zonse kugwiritsa ntchito mabungwe achipani chachitatu ndi anthu payekha.

Mabanki ambiri amapatsa amalonda fomu kuti apange mapulani abizinesi. Zili m'manja mwa wochita bizinesi, wowerengera ndalama kapena wazachuma kuti alembe izi malinga ndi template iyi, omwe amadziwa bwino zomwe kampaniyo amachita ndipo atha kupereka chifukwa chofunira ndalama ngongole.

Ngati pazifukwa zina komabe asankha kuti apite kwa katswiri wachitatu kuti amuthandize, muyenera kumufunsa pasadakhale ngati adalembapo kale mapulani azamalonda azama ngongole.

Malangizo 2. Mapangano onse ofunikira (mwachitsanzo, mapangano obwereketsa, kupezeka kwa katundu ndi zida, ndi zina zambiri) amatha bwino.

Ngati mungatolere mapangano oyambilira ofunikira kuti mukwaniritse ngongole, mutha kudalira banki.

Uphungu 3. Ndikofunika kuti cholinga chobwereketsa sichiperekedwa ndi ndalama zonse zobwerekedwa, gawo lina liyenera kulipidwa ndi ndalama za wabizinesiyo.

Ngati muli ndi ndalama zanu osachepera 20%, mutha kukulitsa chidaliro cha banki. Ndizachilendo kuti obwereketsa amakhala okhulupirika kwa amalonda omwe saopa kuwononga ndalama zawo.

Langizo 4. Ngati bizinesi ikufuna kupeza ndalama zambiri kwakanthawi, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi banki yomwe kasitomala wake ali kale kampani.

Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi malo obwereketsa omwe amakhala ndi akaunti yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pano.

Ngati wabizinesi walandila kale ngongole kubanki iyi ndikubweza ngongole kangapo, amatsimikizika kuti apereka ngongole yatsopano (ngakhale yayikulu) sakanidwa.

Langizo 5. Chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chikuyenera kuwonetsedwa mu dongosolo la bizinesi ndi kuwerengera ndalama. Izi ndizowona makamaka phindu lomwe lingakhalepo chifukwa chopeza ndalama zobwerekera mu projekiti.

Kuphatikiza apo, simuyenera kunyalanyaza nkhani zakubwezera ngongole. Kwenikweni, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi ndalama zokwanira zolipira mwezi uliwonse musanalandire ngongole.

Zofunika! Gawo lazamalonda pamakampani nthawi zambiri samaphunzira kwambiri ndi ogwira ntchito kubanki. Koma ndikuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zotsutsana pakati pa gawo ili ndi zina mwazolemba.

Langizo 6. Asanapite ku banki, wogwira ntchito yemwe adzaimire zofuna za kampaniyo kwa omwe adamupatsa ngongole ayenera kuwerenga mosamala dongosolo lazamalonda kuyambira koyambirira mpaka kumapeto.

Poterepa, azitha kuyankha mafunso mwachangu komanso mwachangu, kuti atsimikizire ku banki mwayi weniweni wachitukuko mothandizidwa ndi ndalama yangongole.

Ndikofunikira kukhala ndiudindo momwe mungathere polemba dongosolo la bizinesi. Izi zithandizira kukulitsa kwambiri mwayi wosankha bwino pempho la ngongole.

9. Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi (FAQ) pakubwereketsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati 💡

Kubwereketsa mabizinesi - funsoli ndi lalikulu komanso lambiri. Ndiye chifukwa chake, tikamaphunzira nkhaniyi, pamakhala mafunso ambiri. Simungayankhe chilichonse m'chigawo chino. Komabe, timapereka pansipa mayankho a mafunso otchuka kwambiri.

Funso 1. Kodi pali zovuta zilizonse pakubwereketsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ku Russia lero?

Masiku ano, boma la Russia likuyesetsa kwambiri kuthandiza mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti palibe bizinesi yomwe ingayambike popanda kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Ndi ndalama zoyambira zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga kampani.

Komabe, si onse amalonda omwe ali ndi ndalama zokwanira kuyambitsa bizinesi yawo. Itha kuthandizira kuthana ndi vutoli Kubwereketsa mabizinesi... Ndi njira iyi yopezera ndalama yomwe ndi yotchuka kwambiri popanga bizinesi yatsopano.

Nthawi yomweyo, mabanki aku Russia samakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kubwereketsa ndalama kumakampani atsopano. Chisankho chabwino analandira osaposa 10% ntchito.

Malongosoledwe ake ndiosavuta - kubwereketsa bizinesi yomwe yangopangidwa kumene kumalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chomwe mabanki safuna kuchita.

Nthawi zambiri, ntchito zatsopano sizikwaniritsa zomwe eni ake amayembekezera. Zotsatira zake, bizinesiyo siyikhala yopindulitsa. Poterepa, sipadzakhala chilichonse cholipira ngongole yomwe walandila. Zimapezeka kuti kubwereketsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono sikuthandiza kwa obwereketsa.

Mabanki ali okonzeka kupereka ngongole kumabungwe akulu pazifukwa izi:

mutha kupeza ndalama zambiri kumakampaniwa, chifukwa amakonda kubwereka ndalama zambiri;
ambiri a iwo akhala pamsika kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mbiri ina. Zotsatira zake, kuthekera kolipira munthawi yake zolipira pamwezi kumakulirakulira.

koma mosiyana ndi malingaliro akuti makampani akulu ndi obwereka kwambiri, samakwaniritsa zomwe amakwaniritsa nthawi zonse.

Zotsatira zake, mabanki amakhala okhulupirika kwa makampani ang'onoang'ono omwe amawerengedwa kwambiri ndi makampani owerengera komanso owerengera ndalama.
Ndi mabungwe omwe amapereka kuwunika kwakukulu kwa zochitika za bizinesi iliyonse. Mu lipoti lawo, samangoganizira zongowonera pakadali pano, komanso zomwe akuyembekeza.

Nthawi ya ntchito Yemwe angabwereke ndalama amathandizanso popanga zisankho ku banki pazomwe apempha. Sizofunikira kuti zaka zakampani ziyesedwe zaka makumi khumi. koma ndizokwera kwambiri ↑, makamaka - mwayi wovomerezedwa ndi pulogalamuyi.

Ku Russia, ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza ngongole yopanga zochitika kuposa chitukuko chake. Poterepa, uyenera kugwira ntchito yolemetsa pakuwunika momwe ndalama zingakhalire ndikupanga dongosolo la bizinesi.

Funso 2. Kodi mikhalidwe yotani yoperekera ngongole kubizinesi yaying'ono yotetezedwa ndi malo ndi nyumba?

Malo ndi nyumba ndiye chinsinsi chokongola kwambiri m'mabanki ambiri. Chofunikira chokha ndicho kuchuluka kwakukulu kwampweya ndipo kupezeka kwa kufunika ku chinthu china. Ndiye chifukwa chake mukalandira ngongole kubizinesi yokhazikitsidwa ndi malo ndi nyumba, mutha kuyembekeza zinthu zabwino kwambiri.

Ubwino (+) wa ngongole zamabizinesi zotetezedwa ndi malo ndi monga:

nthawi yowonjezera ngongole, zomwe zimatha kufikira 10 zaka;
kutsika pang'ono, kuposa mapulogalamu opanda chitetezo;
palibe chifukwa choti mupereke dongosolo la bizinesi, kapena momwe amaonera chikalatachi ndiwokhulupirika momwe angathere;
liwiro la kulembetsa;
nthawi zambiri mgwirizano wamgwirizano umapereka malipiro ochedwa.

Ngakhale pali zabwino zambiri, ngongole zotetezedwa ndi malo ogulitsa kwa mabizinesi zili ndi zovuta zingapo.

Zoyipa (-) za ngongolezi ndi monga:

kuchuluka kwa ngongole kawirikawiri sichipitirira 60% kuchokera pamtengo woyesedwa. Chifukwa chake, kubwereka ndalama zochuluka sikungatheke;
kuwunika kwa chinthu cholonjezedwa nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi ogwira ntchito kubungwe la ngongole kapena kampani yomwe ikugwirizana ndi banki. Zotsatira zake mwina ndi kuchuluka kosaganiziridwa mu lipoti la wowunikira. Mwachilengedwe, zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa ngongole nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika kuposa momwe wobwereketsayo amayembekezera.

Iyeneranso kukumbukiridwa kulonjeza kugulitsa nyumba ndi malo sikutsimikizira chisankho choyenera cha banki pazomwe zaperekedwa.

Werengani zambiri za ngongole zotetezedwa ndi malo ndi nyumba mu nkhani ina m'magazini yathu.

Funso 3. Nanga bwanji ngati mukusowa ndalama mwachangu kuti muyambitse bizinesi yaying'ono?

Sizingatheke nthawi zonse kuti amalonda azipeza ngongole kuti ayambire bizinesi kuyambira pomwepo, makamaka ndalama. Komabe, ngakhale mabanki akana, pali mwayi wopeza ndalama pangongole.

Akatswiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi yomwe ili pansipa.

Njira zina zopezera ngongole yamabizinesi

Njira 1. Kulembetsa ngongole ya ogula ngati payekha

Ochita bizinesi amatha kutenga ngongole ya ogula ngati ali ndi ndalama zawo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa ngongole yogulira sikokwanira kuyambitsa bizinesi.

Yankho 2. Khadi la ngongole

Ngati ndalama zochepa sizingakonzekere bizinesi, yomwe ikukonzekera kubwezeredwa mwachangu, mutha kulembetsa kiredi.

Ubwino wake Izi ndizotheka kupeza ngongole popanda chiwongola dzanja.

Masiku ano makhadi otchuka kwambiri amaperekedwa ndi mabanki otsatirawa:

Alfa Bank - malire ake ndi 500 000 Ma ruble... Nthawi yachisomo ndi 100 masiku... Zimagwira ntchito pakubweza ndalama;
Tinkoff amapereka kirediti kadi pamtengo kale 300 000 Ma ruble... Khadi limaperekedwa kwaulere ndipo limaperekedwa kunyumba kwanu kapena kuofesi. Nthawi yopanda chiwongola dzanja ndi 55 masiku;
Bungwe la Renaissance Amapereka kirediti kadi ndi nkhani yaulere komanso ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa ngongole yake ndi 200 000 Ma ruble... Nthawi yachisomo ndi 55 masiku.

Ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire mosamala momwe mungaperekere kirediti kadi, zolipirira komanso njira zochotsera ndalama, chindapusa ndi ma komisiti pasadakhale.

Njira 3. Chiyanjano ndi kampani yayikulu

Mukayamba mgwirizano ndi kampani yayikulu, mutha kupeza ndalama kuti mukonze bizinesi yanu. Koma ochita bizinesi odziwa zambiri samakhala okonzeka nthawi zonse kupeza ndalama zamalonda oyambira.

Kuti mukwaniritse izi, muyenera kutsimikizira kukongola kwa ntchitoyi. Mapangidwe apamwamba dongosolo la bizinesi.

Njira 4. Kugwirizana ndi Entrepreneurship Support Center

Ku Russia, kuli thandizo m'malo ena azinthu zazing'ono zamabizinesi.Ogulitsa omwe ali ndi chidaliro kuti kampani yawo ipanga ntchito kapena zinthu zomwe dziko likufunikira apemphe thandizo ku mabungwe awa:

Zoyambitsa Bizinesi;
Malo Othandizira Mabizinesi Ang'onoang'ono;
mabungwe ena aboma omwe amapereka thandizo kwa amalonda.

Mabungwewa amapezeka mumzinda uliwonse waukulu. Amapereka chithandizo kwa amalonda mwa mawonekedwe a chitsimikizo kwa iwo pa ngongole, komanso kulipira gawo la ngongole.

Makampani omwe akugwira ntchito zotsatirazi atha kulandira thandizo la boma:

nyumba;
Ulimi;
ntchito kwa anthu;
migodi komanso kugawa chuma;
mayendedwe;
kulankhulana.

Tikukulangizaninso kuti muwerenge nkhani yathu momwe mungapezere ngongole yachangu patsiku lofunsira pasipoti.

Funso 4. Kodi mungapeze bwanji ngongole kuti mugule bizinesi yomwe yakonzedwa kale?

Sikuti aliyense amachita bwino bizinesi yake, nthawi zina amalonda amadabwa, zoyenera kuchita ngati kampaniyo yakhazikitsidwa kale... Nthawi yomweyo, ndikosavuta kugula chochita kuposa kuchikonza nokha.

Zonsezi zimabweretsa kuwonekera pamsika wazinthu zachilendo monga bizinesi yokonzeka,ndipo mabanki ambiri apanga mapulogalamu apadera okongoza ngongole kuti agule.

Komabe, pokonzekera ngongole yotereyi, mavuto ena angabuke. Kuti muchepetse mwayi wopezeka nawo, ndikofunikira kuphunzira mosamala mawonekedwe obwereketsa kuti mugule bizinesi yomwe yakonzedwa kale.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zakubwereketsa kotere ndi kuti Oyang'anira makampani ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zidule zosiyanasiyana kuti anyalanyaze phindu lawo. Amachita izi kuti achepetse mtengo wamisonkho komanso ndalama zomwe amapereka. Zotsatira zakuchita izi ndikuti phindu locheperako limawonekera pakufotokozera kampaniyo, kapena zikuwoneka ngati zopanda phindu.
Ngati wochita bizinesi wina akufuna kupeza kampani yofananira pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama za ngongole, banki ikhoza kumukana. Palibe wobwereketsa amene akufuna kubwereketsa ndalama kuti apeze bizinesi yomwe ikutayika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kugula bizinesi yokonzedwa bwino, ndikofunikira kuti mupatse banki chidziwitso chenicheni chokhudza ndalama, ndalama ndi phindu.

Musaganize kuti mabanki, akaganizira zofunsira, amangodalira deta bomae) Mabungwe angongole amadziwa bwino momwe amalonda amagwirira ntchito zawo.

Chifukwa chake, ali okhulupirika mokwanira kwa iwo ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kulingalira deta yoona... Koma musayembekezere kuti banki itenga zomwe wopemphayo akunena. Mulimonsemo, chithunzi chilichonse chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi zikalata zamkati.

Kuti mupeze bizinesi yokonzeka ndi zokopa za ngongole za ngongole, muyenera kuchita zinthu zingapo:

Wobwereketsayo amasankha bizinesi yomwe ilipo kuti apeze ndikuwunika bwino phindu lake. Momwemo, kuwunika kuyenera kukhala dongosolo la bizinesi... Chikalatachi sichithandizira kungophunzira mosamala zonse zomwe kampaniyo idapeza, komanso kuwunika phindu lazachuma chomwe chingakhalepo. M'tsogolomu, dongosolo lamabizinesi likhala lothandiza kutsimikizira kuthekera kopeza ngongole.
Ngati wochita bizinesiyo akukhutira ndi zotsatira zamabizinesi ake, ayenera pitani posankha banki, pulogalamu yobwereketsa ndikuwunika momwe zinthu zingabweretsere ngongole... Mukangopanga chisankho chokhudza kukonzanso ngongole, mutha kutumiza ntchito... Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupereka zikalata zofunikira.
Atalandira zikalatazo, ogwira ntchito kubanki amawunika. Poterepa, kusanthula kumachitika mu 2mayendedwe: solvency wa wobwereka, phindu lazachuma mtsogolo... Nthawi zambiri amayendera malo omwe achita. Chisankho chomaliza chokhudza ngongole chimaperekedwa ku komiti ya ngongole.
Pangano la ngongole limapangidwa. Nthawi zambiri, zikhalidwe zake zimapangidwa payekhapayekha.
Pambuyo pake, mgwirizano umasainidwa ndi mbali ziwiri.. Komabe, wobwereka mtsogolo ayenera kuphunzira mosamala mgwirizano. PAMBUYO momwe angayikire siginecha yake pansi pake.
Malipiro a kulipira koyamba. Kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mgwirizano wa ngongole. Nthawi zambiri, mumayenera kusungitsa ndalama za kuchokera 10 mpaka 40% mtengo wa bizinesi yomwe yapezeka.
Banki imapereka ndalama ku akaunti ya wobwereka.

Ngati mungaganize zogula bizinesi ya franchise, njirayi imachitika m'magawo angapo:

Wobwereka woyembekezera amapita kukalasi pakukweza mabizinesi kochitidwa ndi kampani yobwereketsa;
Ogwira ntchito kubanki amasanthula koyambirira kwa wobwereka;
Wogulitsayo akuganiza zotheka kupanga mgwirizano ndi wabizinesi;
Ngati franchisor ali ndi chisankho chabwino, banki iganiziranso za ngongoleyi. Ngati chivomerezo chitaperekedwa kuchokera kwa wobwereketsayo, ngongole imaperekedwa ndipo ndalama zimasamutsidwa kwa wogulitsa.

Mukapeza chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito ngongole, banki, komanso wogulitsa malonda, amachita chilichonse kuti wochita bizinesi aphunzire kuchita bizinesi. Amamuphunzitsa zoyambira pakampani.

Funso 5. Kodi zabwino ndi zoyipa za ngongole poyambitsa bizinesi yamalonda ndi ziti?

Kupeza ngongole yoyambira bizinesi yamalonda

Tili ndi chidwi chopeza ngongole kuti tipeze bizinesi pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo 3 mbali:

Wolemba chilolezo Amayesetsa kupeza ndalama zochuluka popatsa amalonda mwayi wochita bizinesi yawo pansi pa dzina lawo;
Wochita bizinesi wokonda kupeza ngongole kuti apange bizinesi yake. Musaiwale kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri kwa wochita bizinesi kupeza ngongole ya chilolezo;
Mabanki ndikufuna kupeza ngongole yochulukirapo yomwe ingakhale yopindulitsa. Mwanjira ina, amayesetsa kuti apeze ndalama zochuluka monga chiwongola dzanja pa ngongole zomwe amapereka. Kuyambitsa bizinesi yamalonda nthawi zonse kumakhala kokongola kwambiri pakubwereketsa kuposa kuyambira pomwepo.

Zina mwazabwino za ngongole zoyambira bizinesi pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo ndi izi:

kutha kupeza zida zofunikira pochita bizinesi;
kuthamanga kwambiri pamsika;
pafupifupi kugula pompopompo kwa zinthu ndi katundu wina, popanda bizinesi yomwe ndikosatheka;
palibe chifukwa chodziyang'anira nokha kampani yotsatsa, mwini chilolezo akuchita izi;
bizinesi kuyambira pachiyambi imachitika pansi pa dzina lotchuka pogwiritsa ntchito dzina lodziwika bwino;
mkati mwa chimango cha ntchitoyi, wochita bizinesi amaphunzitsidwa momwe angachitire bizinesi ndi njira zogwirira ntchito.

Ngakhale pali zabwino zambiri, kupeza ngongole zogulira chilolezo kumakhalanso ndi zovuta zake.

Zoyipa zazobwereketsa pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo ndi monga:

Nthawi yobwezera ngongole yomwe ikukambidwa nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa. Izi zimaphatikizapo zoopsa zina, chifukwa sizotheka kubweza ngongole nthawi yayitali chonchi;
Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zofunikira kupereka chitetezo ngati chikole kapena chikole. Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zosavuta kwa wochita bizinesi;
Mabanki amasankha bwino za mapulani a bizinesi omwe aperekedwa. Sagwirizana nthawi zonse ndi malingaliro a wochita bizinesiyo za ntchitoyi. Kuphatikiza apo, banki imatha kuwona kuti malingaliro omwe alipo alipo sakuyimira kukonzekera koyambirira koyambira;
Ngongole nthawi zonse zimaphatikizapo ndalama zowonjezera. Izi sizongokhala chiwongola dzanja chokha, komanso ndalama za inshuwaransi, ndalama zolembetsa ndi zolipira zina;

Ngati mukufuna kukonza chilolezo chapadziko lonse lapansi, ziyenera kumveka kuti ndalama zowerengera ndalama zidzawonjezeka kwambiri. Tiyenera kuchita kuwerengera ndalama ndikuwunika malingana ndi mayiko ena. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuwononga ndalama kumasulira ndikusintha zochitika.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti banki ipanga zonse zotheka kuti akhale ndi chidaliro chobwezera ngongoleyo ndi chiwongola dzanja. Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyenera kuganizira izi:

Ndikukakamizidwa kulembetsa boma ngati wochita bizinesi kapena wovomerezeka;
kupezeka kwa mbiri yabwino kwambiri ya ngongole, mavuto osachepera pakubweza ngongole m'mbuyomu;
kuthekera kopanga chisankho choyenera kudzakhala kwakukulu ngati mgwirizano woyambirira ndi mwiniwake wa chizindikirocho usainidwa pasadakhale;
mbiri ya omwe akutsimikizira ndiofunika kwambiri, ntchito yake m'munda wa franchisor idzakhala yowonjezera;
Kupezeka kwa wochita bizinesi wazinthu zodula komanso chilolezo chowalonjeza kumawonjezeranso mwayi wopeza ngongole.

Zomwe tafotokozazi zitha kutsimikizira onse obwereketsa komanso eniake kuti ndiodalirika komanso chiyembekezo cha wochita bizinesi.

Koma ndibwino kukumbukira kuti ndizotheka kupeza ndalama zopangira zochitika kutengera chilolezo osangobwereketsa kubanki.

Muthanso kutsegula bizinesi yanu pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo pogwiritsa ntchito njira izi:

franchisor yemweyo amapereka ngongole kwa aliyense amene akufuna kukonza zochitika pogwiritsa ntchito dzina lake;
ngongole yosayenera imaperekedwa kubanki, pamenepa ndi bwino kuti tisanene kuti ndalamazo zimabwerekedwa kuti apange bizinesi;
kubwereka ndalama kwa abale, abwenzi kapena anzawo.

Funso 6. Kodi mungapeze bwanji ngongole yamalonda kwa munthu wosagwira ntchito?

Sikuti aliyense amavomereza ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito kuti apeze malipiro. Nzika zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimafuna kulinganiza bizinesi yanu.

Komabe, izi zimafunikira ndalama zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, osagwira ntchito amakhala alibe ndalama zotere. Ndiye chifukwa chake funso limabuka, ndizotheka kuti magulu amtunduwu azibwereka ndalama zofunikira penapake.

M'malo mwake, mutha kupeza ndalama zoyambira bizinesi kwa osagwira ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi mabungwe apadera omwe amathandizira popereka thandizo kuboma kuyambitsa amalonda.

Choyambirira, zinthu zofunika kuti munthu achite ngongole ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

wochita bizinesi wamtsogolo ayenera kulembetsa nawo Malo ogwirira ntchito;
ndikofunikira kulembetsa zochitikazo monga wochita bizinesi payekha kapena bungwe lovomerezeka;
khalani ndi khalidwe dongosolo la bizinesi.

Zikakwaniritsidwa izi, kuthekera kopereka ngongole kumaganiziridwa Mazikokuthandizira chitukuko cha mabizinesi. Pambuyo pongodutsa munjira imeneyi ndi pomwe mabanki.

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti apeze ngongole ya bizinesi yatsopano kuyambira pachiyambi munthu wosagwira ntchito ndi bizinesi yovuta komanso yopanda chiyembekezo.
Koma ndibwino kukumbukira kuti wobwereka atha kukhala ndi mwayi ndipo azitha kulandira ndalama zaulere kuti ayambitse bizinesi yake (yoyambira) kuchokera kuboma. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Pali njira zowonjezera mwayi wopereka ngongole kwa osagwira ntchito:

kupereka chitetezo ngati chikole kapena ma guarantors;
Lumikizanani ndi obwereketsa omwe amabwereketsa kwaomwe akuchita bizinesi;
kuyesa kupeza ngongole ya ogula.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kukhala owona mtima momwe mungathere polemba fomu yofunsira. Poyesa kunyenga yemwe angakubwerekeni, mutha kuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa omwe akuphwanya malamulo, omwe angavutike kuti apeze ndalama mtsogolo.

Kuphatikiza apo, dongosolo labwino lazamalonda liyenera kukonzekereratu. Ngati lingalirolo lifotokozedwa papepala osati m'mawu, mwayi wovomerezedwa ndi pempholi udzawonjezeka kwambiri.

Funso 7. Kodi ndingalembetse bwanji ngongole yantchito yazing'ono pa intaneti?

Alipo 2 njira zazikulu zofunsira ngongole kuti mupange ndikupanga bizinesi pa intaneti:

patsamba lovomerezeka la banki yosankhidwa;
kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba lazamalonda.

Zomwe zimachitika polemba fomu kudzera patsamba la banki ndi izi:

pitani ku tsamba lovomerezeka la ngongole;
phunzirani zofunikira za pulogalamu yobwereketsa;
lembani mafunso omwe akuphatikizira zomwe abwereka;
tumizani ntchito ndikudikirira kulingalira.

Zofunika! Mukamagwiritsa ntchito tsamba lazamalonda, wogwiritsa ntchito amapeza mwayi, atayendera gwero limodzi, kufananizira zomwe mabanki ambiri amapereka.

Kuti mupereke fomu kudzera pa tsamba lazamalonda, muyenera kudutsa magawo angapo:

Pitani patsamba lawebusayiti wobwereketsa. Kupeza ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito makina osakira;
Patsamba lino, pitani ku gawo lomwe limaperekedwa pakubwereketsa mabizinesi;
Mukayerekezera zomwe mwapereka, muyenera kudina kuti mupereke batani lofunsira mu mzere wa banki yomwe mwasankha;
Imatsalira kuti mudzaze mafunso amafupikitsa;
Pomwe zofunikira zikulowetsedwa, mutha kutumiza pulogalamu ndikudikirira lingaliro la banki.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti popereka fomu yofunsira pa intaneti, lingaliro la banki liyenera kukhala loyambirira. Ngati avomerezedwa, muyenera kupita ku ofesi yakubanki ndi zoyambira zikalata zofunika.

Tsoka ilo, lingaliro lamalonda apamwamba lokha silokwanira kupanga bizinesi yanu. Muyeneranso kukhala ndi ndalama, nthawi zambiri zazikulu kwambiri. Sikuti aliyense ali ndi ndalama zofunikira, koma pali njira yothetsera - mutha kutenga ngongole.

Pali ngongole zambiri ndi mbiri yoyambira kapena kupanga bizinesi. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mwayi wolandila ndalama zina kwaulere ngati thandizo lochokera kuboma. Ndikofunikira kuyesetsa kulikonse kuti mupeze zosankha ndi mapulogalamu.

Pomaliza, tikupangira kuwonera kanema pamutuwu:

Gulu la magazini yapaintaneti "RichPro.ru" ikufunira owerenga ake bizinesi yopambana komanso yopindulitsa. Mapulogalamu onse obwereketsa omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito akhale opindulitsa kwambiri.

Siyani ndemanga zanu pansipa, mugawane nkhaniyi ndi anzanu. Mpaka nthawi yotsatira!